As environmental regulations become more stringent, the industrial chemical community needs methods that are sustainable, yet parallel the modern advances of organic synthesis. We believe we are solving the solution to this global problem through the development of sustainable synthesis that utilizes ball milling. Ball milling, unlike traditional synthetic methods, uses mechanical energy to drive organic reactions and transformations towards completion. Not only are we interested in finding reaction pathways that produce desired organic products in high yields, but also we are interested in understanding the mechanisms and theory of these processes in hopes that we may develop chemistries that have synthetic outcomes that are not attainable under traditional synthetic techniques. As a group, we each target different areas of ‘known’ organic synthesis, in order to develop parallel routes that utilize sustainable, ball milling practices. Ball milling and green chemistry are introduced and described in Chapter 1.
This dissertation describes specifically my efforts towards the aforementioned goals. Largely, my efforts focused on the development of sustainable olefination reactions, namely, the Wittig reaction and Horner-Wadsworth-Emmons reactions described in Chapters 3 and 4 respectively. In addition, portions of my dissertation research sought to expand the capability of ball milling reactions through the engineering and development of new ball milling tools. The use of functional resins as purification tools for ball milling reactions, described in Chapter 5, as well as the design and fabrication of vials made from different materials, described in Chapter 2, complete my dissertation research.
","abstract_html":"<p>As environmental regulations become more stringent, the industrial chemical community needs methods that are sustainable, yet parallel the modern advances of organic synthesis. We believe we are solving the solution to this global problem through the development of sustainable synthesis that utilizes ball milling. Ball milling, unlike traditional synthetic methods, uses mechanical energy to drive organic reactions and transformations towards completion. Not only are we interested in finding reaction pathways that produce desired organic products in high yields, but also we are interested in understanding the mechanisms and theory of these processes in hopes that we may develop chemistries that have synthetic outcomes that are not attainable under traditional synthetic techniques. As a group, we each target different areas of ‘known’ organic synthesis, in order to develop parallel routes that utilize sustainable, ball milling practices. Ball milling and green chemistry are introduced and described in Chapter 1.</p><p>This dissertation describes specifically my efforts towards the aforementioned goals. Largely, my efforts focused on the development of sustainable olefination reactions, namely, the Wittig reaction and Horner-Wadsworth-Emmons reactions described in Chapters 3 and 4 respectively. In addition, portions of my dissertation research sought to expand the capability of ball milling reactions through the engineering and development of new ball milling tools. The use of functional resins as purification tools for ball milling reactions, described in Chapter 5, as well as the design and fabrication of vials made from different materials, described in Chapter 2, complete my dissertation research.</p>","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Shearouse, William C."],"institution":"University of Cincinnati","degree_name":"PhD","degree_level":"doctoral","degree_discipline":"Arts and Sciences: Chemistry","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Mack, James"],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2012,"date_issued":"2012","date_published":"2012","updated_at":"2026-07-24T03:36:23Z","subjects":["Chemistry","green chemistry","mechanochemistry","ball milling","olefination","solvent-free","functional resin particles"],"languages":["English"],"rights":["unrestricted","This thesis or dissertation is protected by copyright: all rights reserved. It may not be copied or redistributed beyond the terms of applicable copyright laws."],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1353089340","outbound_label":"Repository record","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Mack, James"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Shearouse, William C."]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date","label":"Dc Date","values":["2012"]},{"key":"dc:publisher","label":"Institution","values":["University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["Electronic Thesis or Dissertation"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Arts and Sciences: Chemistry"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["doctoral"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["PhD"]},{"key":"thesis:institution_name","label":"Thesis Institution Name","values":["University of Cincinnati"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Chemistry","green chemistry","mechanochemistry","ball milling","olefination","solvent-free","functional resin particles"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language","label":"Dc Language","values":["English"]},{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["unrestricted","This thesis or dissertation is protected by copyright: all rights reserved. It may not be copied or redistributed beyond the terms of applicable copyright laws."]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1353089340"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description","label":"Description","values":["As environmental regulations become more stringent, the industrial chemical community needs methods that are sustainable, yet parallel the modern advances of organic synthesis. We believe we are solving the solution to this global problem through the development of sustainable synthesis that utilizes ball milling. Ball milling, unlike traditional synthetic methods, uses mechanical energy to drive organic reactions and transformations towards completion. Not only are we interested in finding reaction pathways that produce desired organic products in high yields, but also we are interested in understanding the mechanisms and theory of these processes in hopes that we may develop chemistries that have synthetic outcomes that are not attainable under traditional synthetic techniques. As a group, we each target different areas of ‘known’ organic synthesis, in order to develop parallel routes that utilize sustainable, ball milling practices. Ball milling and green chemistry are introduced and described in Chapter 1.
This dissertation describes specifically my efforts towards the aforementioned goals. Largely, my efforts focused on the development of sustainable olefination reactions, namely, the Wittig reaction and Horner-Wadsworth-Emmons reactions described in Chapters 3 and 4 respectively. In addition, portions of my dissertation research sought to expand the capability of ball milling reactions through the engineering and development of new ball milling tools. The use of functional resins as purification tools for ball milling reactions, described in Chapter 5, as well as the design and fabrication of vials made from different materials, described in Chapter 2, complete my dissertation research.
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This dissertation describes specifically my efforts towards the aforementioned goals. Largely, my efforts focused on the development of sustainable olefination reactions, namely, the Wittig reaction and Horner-Wadsworth-Emmons reactions described in Chapters 3 and 4 respectively. In addition, portions of my dissertation research sought to expand the capability of ball milling reactions through the engineering and development of new ball milling tools. The use of functional resins as purification tools for ball milling reactions, described in Chapter 5, as well as the design and fabrication of vials made from different materials, described in Chapter 2, complete my dissertation research.
"],"dc:format":["application/pdf","p.175","13.59 MB"],"dc:identifier":["http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1353089340"],"dc:language":["English"],"dc:publisher":["University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK"],"dc:rights":["unrestricted","This thesis or dissertation is protected by copyright: all rights reserved. It may not be copied or redistributed beyond the terms of applicable copyright laws."],"dc:subject":["Chemistry","green chemistry","mechanochemistry","ball milling","olefination","solvent-free","functional resin particles"],"dc:title":["Development and mechanistic understanding of ball milling as a sustainable alternative to traditional synthesis"],"dc:type":["Electronic Thesis or Dissertation"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Arts and Sciences: Chemistry"],"thesis:degree_level":["doctoral"],"thesis:degree_name":["PhD"],"thesis:institution_name":["University of Cincinnati"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-24T03:36:23Z"}