In this study, mental health therapists’ (n = 42) perceptions about the personal characteristics essential to a client’s successful therapeutic experience were examined to determine whether traditional gender role stereotyping was operative in the therapists’ perceptions of clients. The client’s sex and the therapist’s sex, age, and years of experience in the field were investigated to determine whether these variables affected the therapists’ perceptions of the personal characteristics necessary for success in therapy.
An electronic survey for either a hypothetical male or female client composed of the Bem Sex Role Inventory (BSRI) (1974) 60 personal characteristics and 12 demographic questions was sent to participants. The participants were asked to rate the BSRI personal characteristics as to whether the characteristic was “essential,” “very useful, but not essential,” “somewhat useful, but not essential,” or “not necessary” for the specified hypothetical client to have a successful therapeutic experience.
Findings indicated therapists in this study did not endorse traditional gender role stereotypes for a hypothetical male or female client. There was no significant interaction found between item type and therapist gender or client gender, and neither therapist age nor therapist years of experience appeared to have an appreciable moderating effect on the therapists’ ratings of item types. Lawshe’s content validity analysis identified both “essential” personal characteristics for a client to have a successful therapeutic experience and personal characteristics judged to be “not necessary.” Limitations of the study are discussed and suggestions for future research are offered.
","abstract_html":"<p>In this study, mental health therapists’ (n = 42) perceptions about the personal characteristics essential to a client’s successful therapeutic experience were examined to determine whether traditional gender role stereotyping was operative in the therapists’ perceptions of clients. The client’s sex and the therapist’s sex, age, and years of experience in the field were investigated to determine whether these variables affected the therapists’ perceptions of the personal characteristics necessary for success in therapy. </p><p>An electronic survey for either a hypothetical male or female client composed of the Bem Sex Role Inventory (BSRI) (1974) 60 personal characteristics and 12 demographic questions was sent to participants. The participants were asked to rate the BSRI personal characteristics as to whether the characteristic was “essential,” “very useful, but not essential,” “somewhat useful, but not essential,” or “not necessary” for the specified hypothetical client to have a successful therapeutic experience. </p><p>Findings indicated therapists in this study did not endorse traditional gender role stereotypes for a hypothetical male or female client. There was no significant interaction found between item type and therapist gender or client gender, and neither therapist age nor therapist years of experience appeared to have an appreciable moderating effect on the therapists’ ratings of item types. Lawshe’s content validity analysis identified both “essential” personal characteristics for a client to have a successful therapeutic experience and personal characteristics judged to be “not necessary.” Limitations of the study are discussed and suggestions for future research are offered.</p>","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Meyer, Denise R."],"institution":"University of Cincinnati","degree_name":"EdD","degree_level":"doctoral","degree_discipline":"Education, Criminal Justice, and Human Services: Counselor Education","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Cook, Ellen Piel"],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2012,"date_issued":"2012","date_published":"2012","updated_at":"2026-07-24T03:36:23Z","subjects":["Mental Health","mental health therapists","masculinity and feminity","clinical judgment","gender stereotypes","mental health therapists perceptions","stereotyping bias"],"languages":["English"],"rights":["unrestricted","This thesis or dissertation is protected by copyright: all rights reserved. It may not be copied or redistributed beyond the terms of applicable copyright laws."],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1353087682","outbound_label":"Repository record","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Cook, Ellen Piel"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Meyer, Denise R."]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date","label":"Dc Date","values":["2012"]},{"key":"dc:publisher","label":"Institution","values":["University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["Electronic Thesis or Dissertation"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Education, Criminal Justice, and Human Services: Counselor Education"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["doctoral"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["EdD"]},{"key":"thesis:institution_name","label":"Thesis Institution Name","values":["University of Cincinnati"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Mental Health","mental health therapists","masculinity and feminity","clinical judgment","gender stereotypes","mental health therapists perceptions","stereotyping bias"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language","label":"Dc Language","values":["English"]},{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["unrestricted","This thesis or dissertation is protected by copyright: all rights reserved. It may not be copied or redistributed beyond the terms of applicable copyright laws."]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1353087682"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description","label":"Description","values":["In this study, mental health therapists’ (n = 42) perceptions about the personal characteristics essential to a client’s successful therapeutic experience were examined to determine whether traditional gender role stereotyping was operative in the therapists’ perceptions of clients. The client’s sex and the therapist’s sex, age, and years of experience in the field were investigated to determine whether these variables affected the therapists’ perceptions of the personal characteristics necessary for success in therapy.
An electronic survey for either a hypothetical male or female client composed of the Bem Sex Role Inventory (BSRI) (1974) 60 personal characteristics and 12 demographic questions was sent to participants. The participants were asked to rate the BSRI personal characteristics as to whether the characteristic was “essential,” “very useful, but not essential,” “somewhat useful, but not essential,” or “not necessary” for the specified hypothetical client to have a successful therapeutic experience.
Findings indicated therapists in this study did not endorse traditional gender role stereotypes for a hypothetical male or female client. There was no significant interaction found between item type and therapist gender or client gender, and neither therapist age nor therapist years of experience appeared to have an appreciable moderating effect on the therapists’ ratings of item types. Lawshe’s content validity analysis identified both “essential” personal characteristics for a client to have a successful therapeutic experience and personal characteristics judged to be “not necessary.” Limitations of the study are discussed and suggestions for future research are offered.
"]},{"key":"dc:format","label":"Dc Format","values":["application/pdf","p.118","736.2 KB"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Mental Health Therapists' Perceptions of the Relationship between Client Gender and Personal Characteristics which Contribute to Successful Therapeutic Experiences"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor":["Cook, Ellen Piel"],"dc:creator":["Meyer, Denise R."],"dc:date":["2012"],"dc:description":["In this study, mental health therapists’ (n = 42) perceptions about the personal characteristics essential to a client’s successful therapeutic experience were examined to determine whether traditional gender role stereotyping was operative in the therapists’ perceptions of clients. The client’s sex and the therapist’s sex, age, and years of experience in the field were investigated to determine whether these variables affected the therapists’ perceptions of the personal characteristics necessary for success in therapy.
An electronic survey for either a hypothetical male or female client composed of the Bem Sex Role Inventory (BSRI) (1974) 60 personal characteristics and 12 demographic questions was sent to participants. The participants were asked to rate the BSRI personal characteristics as to whether the characteristic was “essential,” “very useful, but not essential,” “somewhat useful, but not essential,” or “not necessary” for the specified hypothetical client to have a successful therapeutic experience.
Findings indicated therapists in this study did not endorse traditional gender role stereotypes for a hypothetical male or female client. There was no significant interaction found between item type and therapist gender or client gender, and neither therapist age nor therapist years of experience appeared to have an appreciable moderating effect on the therapists’ ratings of item types. Lawshe’s content validity analysis identified both “essential” personal characteristics for a client to have a successful therapeutic experience and personal characteristics judged to be “not necessary.” Limitations of the study are discussed and suggestions for future research are offered.
"],"dc:format":["application/pdf","p.118","736.2 KB"],"dc:identifier":["http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1353087682"],"dc:language":["English"],"dc:publisher":["University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK"],"dc:rights":["unrestricted","This thesis or dissertation is protected by copyright: all rights reserved. It may not be copied or redistributed beyond the terms of applicable copyright laws."],"dc:subject":["Mental Health","mental health therapists","masculinity and feminity","clinical judgment","gender stereotypes","mental health therapists perceptions","stereotyping bias"],"dc:title":["Mental Health Therapists' Perceptions of the Relationship between Client Gender and Personal Characteristics which Contribute to Successful Therapeutic Experiences"],"dc:type":["Electronic Thesis or Dissertation"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Education, Criminal Justice, and Human Services: Counselor Education"],"thesis:degree_level":["doctoral"],"thesis:degree_name":["EdD"],"thesis:institution_name":["University of Cincinnati"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-24T03:36:23Z"}