{"id":{"repo_id":"ohiolink","oai_identifier":"oai:etd.ohiolink.edu:toledo1345088305"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/ohiolink/oai:etd.ohiolink.edu:toledo1345088305","repository":{"repo_id":"ohiolink","name":"OhioLINK","base_url":"https://etd.ohiolink.edu/acprod/odb_etd/ws/oai/oai"},"display":{"title":"Optical Investigations of Cd Free Cu<sub>2</sub>ZnSnS<sub>4</sub> Solar Cells","abstract":"We conducted optical simulations with the goal of determining the optimal design of the Cu<sub>2</sub>ZnSnS<sub>4</sub> (CZTS) solar cells with In<sub>2</sub>S<sub>3</sub>, ZnS and ZnSe as buffer layers. The model is parameterized with the complex index of refraction of each layer in the stack. Using optical modeling, the quantum efficiency (QE) of the solar cell is calculated and used to calculate the maximum short circuit current. A comparison of the solar cell performance in simulations using In<sub>2</sub>S<sub>3</sub>, ZnS, ZnSe and conventional CdS revealed an increase in QE while using ZnS, ZnSe and In<sub>2</sub>S<sub>3</sub> as buffer layers.","abstract_html":"We conducted optical simulations with the goal of determining the optimal design of the Cu&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;ZnSnS&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; (CZTS) solar cells with In&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;S&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;, ZnS and ZnSe as buffer layers. The model is parameterized with the complex index of refraction of each layer in the stack. Using optical modeling, the quantum efficiency (QE) of the solar cell is calculated and used to calculate the maximum short circuit current. A comparison of the solar cell performance in simulations using In&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;S&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;, ZnS, ZnSe and conventional CdS revealed an increase in QE while using ZnS, ZnSe and In&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;S&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; as buffer layers.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Gangam, Srikanth"],"institution":"University of Toledo","degree_name":"Master of Science in Electrical Engineering","degree_level":"masters","degree_discipline":"College of Engineering","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Khare, Sanjay"],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2012,"date_issued":"2012","date_published":"2012","updated_at":"2026-07-24T03:36:08Z","subjects":["Electrical Engineering","Optics","Physics","Optical Modeling","Solar Cells","CZTS","Buffer layers","ZnS","ZnSe","CdS","Quantum Efficiency","Short Circuit Current Density","HRT","TCO","Earth Abundant Materials","PV Optics"],"languages":["English"],"rights":["unrestricted","This thesis or dissertation is protected by copyright: all rights reserved. It may not be copied or redistributed beyond the terms of applicable copyright laws."],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1345088305","outbound_label":"Repository record","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Khare, Sanjay"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Gangam, Srikanth"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date","label":"Dc Date","values":["2012"]},{"key":"dc:publisher","label":"Institution","values":["University of Toledo / OhioLINK"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["Electronic Thesis or Dissertation"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["College of Engineering"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["masters"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["Master of Science in Electrical Engineering"]},{"key":"thesis:institution_name","label":"Thesis Institution Name","values":["University of Toledo"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Electrical Engineering","Optics","Physics","Optical Modeling","Solar Cells","CZTS","Buffer layers","ZnS","ZnSe","CdS","Quantum Efficiency","Short Circuit Current Density","HRT","TCO","Earth Abundant Materials","PV Optics"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language","label":"Dc Language","values":["English"]},{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["unrestricted","This thesis or dissertation is protected by copyright: all rights reserved. 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A comparison of the solar cell performance in simulations using In<sub>2</sub>S<sub>3</sub>, ZnS, ZnSe and conventional CdS revealed an increase in QE while using ZnS, ZnSe and In<sub>2</sub>S<sub>3</sub> as buffer layers."]},{"key":"dc:format","label":"Dc Format","values":["application/pdf","1.35 MB"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Optical Investigations of Cd Free Cu<sub>2</sub>ZnSnS<sub>4</sub> Solar Cells"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor":["Khare, Sanjay"],"dc:creator":["Gangam, Srikanth"],"dc:date":["2012"],"dc:description":["We conducted optical simulations with the goal of determining the optimal design of the Cu<sub>2</sub>ZnSnS<sub>4</sub> (CZTS) solar cells with In<sub>2</sub>S<sub>3</sub>, ZnS and ZnSe as buffer layers. The model is parameterized with the complex index of refraction of each layer in the stack. Using optical modeling, the quantum efficiency (QE) of the solar cell is calculated and used to calculate the maximum short circuit current. A comparison of the solar cell performance in simulations using In<sub>2</sub>S<sub>3</sub>, ZnS, ZnSe and conventional CdS revealed an increase in QE while using ZnS, ZnSe and In<sub>2</sub>S<sub>3</sub> as buffer layers."],"dc:format":["application/pdf","1.35 MB"],"dc:identifier":["http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1345088305"],"dc:language":["English"],"dc:publisher":["University of Toledo / OhioLINK"],"dc:rights":["unrestricted","This thesis or dissertation is protected by copyright: all rights reserved. It may not be copied or redistributed beyond the terms of applicable copyright laws."],"dc:subject":["Electrical Engineering","Optics","Physics","Optical Modeling","Solar Cells","CZTS","Buffer layers","ZnS","ZnSe","CdS","Quantum Efficiency","Short Circuit Current Density","HRT","TCO","Earth Abundant Materials","PV Optics"],"dc:title":["Optical Investigations of Cd Free Cu<sub>2</sub>ZnSnS<sub>4</sub> Solar Cells"],"dc:type":["Electronic Thesis or Dissertation"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["College of Engineering"],"thesis:degree_level":["masters"],"thesis:degree_name":["Master of Science in Electrical Engineering"],"thesis:institution_name":["University of Toledo"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-24T03:36:08Z"}