{"id":{"repo_id":"ohiolink","oai_identifier":"oai:etd.ohiolink.edu:osu1364295503"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/ohiolink/oai:etd.ohiolink.edu:osu1364295503","repository":{"repo_id":"ohiolink","name":"OhioLINK","base_url":"https://etd.ohiolink.edu/acprod/odb_etd/ws/oai/oai"},"display":{"title":"Egypt for Which Egyptians? Copts and the Egyptian Nationalist Movement, 1882-1919","abstract":"Much has been written about the formative years of the Egyptian nationalist movement, between 1882 and 1919.However, little inquiry has been devoted to examining the role of Coptic Christians, Egypt's largest minority, in thedevelopment of this movement. For most of this period, Islamic loyalties were utilized to rouse nationalist orOttomanist sentiments in the fighting against the British occupation of Egypt. Various movement leaders attempted to incorporate Egypt's religious minorities in their struggle, yet they were mostly unsuccessful.For centuries, Coptic Christians have formed an integral part of Egyptian life; however, in this era when Egyptians began to envision their heritage via conceptions of language, history, religion and culture, Copts felt little connection to prevailing discourses invoking Islamic sentiments. Indeed they had more affinity to the then-lesspopular ideals regarding a Pharaonic heritage. As a result of a growing sense of disillusionment and isolation, Coptic intellectuals began to advocate their own brand of nationalism. Their ideals of nationhood did not espouse a separate Egypt, geographically or politically, but they did propose a secular type of nationalism that looked forguidance and inspiration in a distant Pharaonic past, and which might allow Muslims and Copts to cooperate andexperience a true sense of fraternity. Furthermore, Copts adopted Pharaonicism as a means of experimenting with and establishing their identity as descendants of the Pharaohs and therefore as \"true\" Egyptians, an identity they were often pressured to reassert during times of intercommunal strife, customarily agitated by the British. This work examines the historical background that gave rise to these Coptic ideals between 1882 and 1919, exploring the meaning and significance of their imagined nationhood.","abstract_html":"Much has been written about the formative years of the Egyptian nationalist movement, between 1882 and 1919.However, little inquiry has been devoted to examining the role of Coptic Christians, Egypt's largest minority, in thedevelopment of this movement. For most of this period, Islamic loyalties were utilized to rouse nationalist orOttomanist sentiments in the fighting against the British occupation of Egypt. Various movement leaders attempted to incorporate Egypt's religious minorities in their struggle, yet they were mostly unsuccessful.For centuries, Coptic Christians have formed an integral part of Egyptian life; however, in this era when Egyptians began to envision their heritage via conceptions of language, history, religion and culture, Copts felt little connection to prevailing discourses invoking Islamic sentiments. Indeed they had more affinity to the then-lesspopular ideals regarding a Pharaonic heritage. As a result of a growing sense of disillusionment and isolation, Coptic intellectuals began to advocate their own brand of nationalism. Their ideals of nationhood did not espouse a separate Egypt, geographically or politically, but they did propose a secular type of nationalism that looked forguidance and inspiration in a distant Pharaonic past, and which might allow Muslims and Copts to cooperate andexperience a true sense of fraternity. Furthermore, Copts adopted Pharaonicism as a means of experimenting with and establishing their identity as descendants of the Pharaohs and therefore as "true" Egyptians, an identity they were often pressured to reassert during times of intercommunal strife, customarily agitated by the British. This work examines the historical background that gave rise to these Coptic ideals between 1882 and 1919, exploring the meaning and significance of their imagined nationhood.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Armanios, Febe Yousry"],"institution":"The Ohio State University","degree_name":"Master of Arts","degree_level":"masters","degree_discipline":"History","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Hathaway, Jane"],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":1998,"date_issued":"1998","date_published":"1998","updated_at":"2026-07-24T03:37:01Z","subjects":["History"],"languages":["English"],"rights":["unrestricted","This thesis or dissertation is protected by copyright: all rights reserved. It may not be copied or redistributed beyond the terms of applicable copyright laws."],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1364295503","outbound_label":"Repository record","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Hathaway, Jane"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Armanios, Febe Yousry"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date","label":"Dc Date","values":["1998"]},{"key":"dc:publisher","label":"Institution","values":["The Ohio State University / OhioLINK"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["Electronic Thesis or Dissertation"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["History"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["masters"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["Master of Arts"]},{"key":"thesis:institution_name","label":"Thesis Institution Name","values":["The Ohio State University"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["History"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language","label":"Dc Language","values":["English"]},{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["unrestricted","This thesis or dissertation is protected by copyright: all rights reserved. It may not be copied or redistributed beyond the terms of applicable copyright laws."]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1364295503"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description","label":"Description","values":["Much has been written about the formative years of the Egyptian nationalist movement, between 1882 and 1919.However, little inquiry has been devoted to examining the role of Coptic Christians, Egypt's largest minority, in thedevelopment of this movement. For most of this period, Islamic loyalties were utilized to rouse nationalist orOttomanist sentiments in the fighting against the British occupation of Egypt. Various movement leaders attempted to incorporate Egypt's religious minorities in their struggle, yet they were mostly unsuccessful.For centuries, Coptic Christians have formed an integral part of Egyptian life; however, in this era when Egyptians began to envision their heritage via conceptions of language, history, religion and culture, Copts felt little connection to prevailing discourses invoking Islamic sentiments. Indeed they had more affinity to the then-lesspopular ideals regarding a Pharaonic heritage. As a result of a growing sense of disillusionment and isolation, Coptic intellectuals began to advocate their own brand of nationalism. Their ideals of nationhood did not espouse a separate Egypt, geographically or politically, but they did propose a secular type of nationalism that looked forguidance and inspiration in a distant Pharaonic past, and which might allow Muslims and Copts to cooperate andexperience a true sense of fraternity. Furthermore, Copts adopted Pharaonicism as a means of experimenting with and establishing their identity as descendants of the Pharaohs and therefore as \"true\" Egyptians, an identity they were often pressured to reassert during times of intercommunal strife, customarily agitated by the British. This work examines the historical background that gave rise to these Coptic ideals between 1882 and 1919, exploring the meaning and significance of their imagined nationhood."]},{"key":"dc:format","label":"Dc Format","values":["application/pdf","p.126","831.6 KB"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Egypt for Which Egyptians? Copts and the Egyptian Nationalist Movement, 1882-1919"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor":["Hathaway, Jane"],"dc:creator":["Armanios, Febe Yousry"],"dc:date":["1998"],"dc:description":["Much has been written about the formative years of the Egyptian nationalist movement, between 1882 and 1919.However, little inquiry has been devoted to examining the role of Coptic Christians, Egypt's largest minority, in thedevelopment of this movement. For most of this period, Islamic loyalties were utilized to rouse nationalist orOttomanist sentiments in the fighting against the British occupation of Egypt. Various movement leaders attempted to incorporate Egypt's religious minorities in their struggle, yet they were mostly unsuccessful.For centuries, Coptic Christians have formed an integral part of Egyptian life; however, in this era when Egyptians began to envision their heritage via conceptions of language, history, religion and culture, Copts felt little connection to prevailing discourses invoking Islamic sentiments. Indeed they had more affinity to the then-lesspopular ideals regarding a Pharaonic heritage. As a result of a growing sense of disillusionment and isolation, Coptic intellectuals began to advocate their own brand of nationalism. Their ideals of nationhood did not espouse a separate Egypt, geographically or politically, but they did propose a secular type of nationalism that looked forguidance and inspiration in a distant Pharaonic past, and which might allow Muslims and Copts to cooperate andexperience a true sense of fraternity. Furthermore, Copts adopted Pharaonicism as a means of experimenting with and establishing their identity as descendants of the Pharaohs and therefore as \"true\" Egyptians, an identity they were often pressured to reassert during times of intercommunal strife, customarily agitated by the British. This work examines the historical background that gave rise to these Coptic ideals between 1882 and 1919, exploring the meaning and significance of their imagined nationhood."],"dc:format":["application/pdf","p.126","831.6 KB"],"dc:identifier":["http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1364295503"],"dc:language":["English"],"dc:publisher":["The Ohio State University / OhioLINK"],"dc:rights":["unrestricted","This thesis or dissertation is protected by copyright: all rights reserved. It may not be copied or redistributed beyond the terms of applicable copyright laws."],"dc:subject":["History"],"dc:title":["Egypt for Which Egyptians? Copts and the Egyptian Nationalist Movement, 1882-1919"],"dc:type":["Electronic Thesis or Dissertation"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["History"],"thesis:degree_level":["masters"],"thesis:degree_name":["Master of Arts"],"thesis:institution_name":["The Ohio State University"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-24T03:37:01Z"}