Metabolite Production in Callus Culture of Burdock (Arctium lappa L.)

<p>Burdock (Arctium lappa L.) is a biennial plant that is generally regarded as a weed in the U.S. However, in the Amish community, it has been used for treating burns by placing burdock leaves on the wounds after the application of salve. This folk medicine is believed to be effective to speed healing, relieve pain, reduce scars, and prevent infection. More knowledge of the mechanism of burdock treating burns and practical methods for its application is needed before burdock can be recommended as a conventional burn treatment. Few studies have been conducted to determine the basis for burdock treatment for burns. The objectives of this research were to develop callus culture technique for phytochemical production from burdock for eventual medical usage, and analyze these potential medicinal metabolites. The metabolites in burdock we were most interested in were phenolic compounds because of their high content in burdock and their well-known antioxidant bioactivities and related properties which are likely to be useful for treating burns. </p><p>The methods we used included plant tissue culture and biochemical analysis. We first developed procedures for burdock callus culture by testing different explant types and culture conditions, with emphasis on the type and concentrations of growth regulators in the culture media. After burdock callus culture was developed, we added different concentrations of methyl jasmonate and sucrose to the culture media and assessed their effects on callus growth and phenolic production. To identify and quantify the phenolic components in burdock callus, we analyzed the phenolic extraction from callus by the Folin-Cuicaktey assay and reversed-phase HPLC-DAD methods.</p><p>Burdock callus could be induced from burdock cotyledon or leaf sections in the dark on media with 1 mg/L BA and 2 mg/L 2, 4-D, and then maintained over the long term on media with 1.5 mg/L NAA and 1 mg/L 2, 4-D. Various phenolic compounds were detected by HPLC and preliminarily identified as hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives based on their retention times and UV-spectra. Addition of methyl jasmonate up to 1 mM and 60 g/L and 90 g/L sucrose increased the content of total phenolic and some major individual phenolic compounds in burdock callus, but decreased callus growth. The optimum concentrations were 1 mM or 0.1 mM MeJA and 30 g/L sucrose for high total phenolic production (total phenolic content * callus relative growth). Our results provide a foundation for further studies on burdock metabolite production. The callus culture system can be used as a method for future phytochemical study of burdock and practical production of burdock medicinal metabolites.</p>

Name thesis:degree_name

Master of Science

Level thesis:degree_level

masters

Discipline thesis:degree_discipline

Horticulture and Crop Science

Grantor dc:publisher

The Ohio State University

Year dc:date

2013

Author dc:creator

• Hu, Bizhen

Contributors dc:contributor

• Cardina, John
• Scheerens, Joseph

• Agricultural Chemicals
• Agriculture
• Food Science
• Health
• Health Sciences
• Horticulture
• Medicine
• Plant Sciences
• burdock
• burn treatment
• secondary metabolite

Statement dc:rights

• unrestricted
• This thesis or dissertation is protected by copyright: all rights reserved. It may not be copied or redistributed beyond the terms of applicable copyright laws.

Language dc:language

English

Repository record dc:identifier

http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1357141954

OAI identifier oai:identifier

oai:etd.ohiolink.edu:osu1357141954