{"id":{"repo_id":"ohiolink","oai_identifier":"oai:etd.ohiolink.edu:case1363107584"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/ohiolink/oai:etd.ohiolink.edu:case1363107584","repository":{"repo_id":"ohiolink","name":"OhioLINK","base_url":"https://etd.ohiolink.edu/acprod/odb_etd/ws/oai/oai"},"display":{"title":"The Synthesis Of High Surface Area Ti Sponges By Halide Conversion Process For Capacitor Anodes","abstract":"Titanium sponge was synthesized by halide conversion process. It can be used as an anode with porous structure for an electrolytic capacitor. TiI4 and Ca as the reduction agent were used in the conversion process to obtain open-porous Ti sponges. By changing the reduction temperature and time of the conversion process, Ti sponges with different particle sizes were obtained. A model of Ti sponge formation during the conversion process is proposed. The sponge samples were additionally anodized to grow oxide films over the entire sponge surface and evaluated by measuring the capacitance and leakage current. The anodized Ti sponge samples, with their oxide films of high dielectric constant, can provide high surface to volume ratio to obtain energy density as high as 1J per gram of the anodized Ti sponge. The energy density of the anodized Ti sponge samples is compared with commercial anode materials and shows comparable results.","abstract_html":"Titanium sponge was synthesized by halide conversion process. It can be used as an anode with porous structure for an electrolytic capacitor. TiI4 and Ca as the reduction agent were used in the conversion process to obtain open-porous Ti sponges. By changing the reduction temperature and time of the conversion process, Ti sponges with different particle sizes were obtained. A model of Ti sponge formation during the conversion process is proposed. The sponge samples were additionally anodized to grow oxide films over the entire sponge surface and evaluated by measuring the capacitance and leakage current. The anodized Ti sponge samples, with their oxide films of high dielectric constant, can provide high surface to volume ratio to obtain energy density as high as 1J per gram of the anodized Ti sponge. The energy density of the anodized Ti sponge samples is compared with commercial anode materials and shows comparable results.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Chih-Hsiang, Yo"],"institution":"Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies","degree_name":"Master of Sciences","degree_level":"masters","degree_discipline":"Materials Science and Engineering","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Welsch, Gerhard"],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2013,"date_issued":"2013-08-19","date_published":"2013-08-19","updated_at":"2026-07-24T03:36:39Z","subjects":["Materials Science"],"languages":["English"],"rights":["unrestricted","This thesis or dissertation is protected by copyright: some rights reserved. It is licensed for use under a Creative Commons license. Specific terms and permissions are available from this document's record in the OhioLINK ETD Center."],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1363107584","outbound_label":"Repository record","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Welsch, Gerhard"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Chih-Hsiang, Yo"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date","label":"Dc Date","values":["2013-08-19"]},{"key":"dc:publisher","label":"Institution","values":["Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["Electronic Thesis or Dissertation"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Materials Science and Engineering"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["masters"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["Master of Sciences"]},{"key":"thesis:institution_name","label":"Thesis Institution Name","values":["Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Materials Science"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language","label":"Dc Language","values":["English"]},{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["unrestricted","This thesis or dissertation is protected by copyright: some rights reserved. It is licensed for use under a Creative Commons license. Specific terms and permissions are available from this document's record in the OhioLINK ETD Center."]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1363107584"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description","label":"Description","values":["Titanium sponge was synthesized by halide conversion process. It can be used as an anode with porous structure for an electrolytic capacitor. TiI4 and Ca as the reduction agent were used in the conversion process to obtain open-porous Ti sponges. By changing the reduction temperature and time of the conversion process, Ti sponges with different particle sizes were obtained. A model of Ti sponge formation during the conversion process is proposed. The sponge samples were additionally anodized to grow oxide films over the entire sponge surface and evaluated by measuring the capacitance and leakage current. The anodized Ti sponge samples, with their oxide films of high dielectric constant, can provide high surface to volume ratio to obtain energy density as high as 1J per gram of the anodized Ti sponge. The energy density of the anodized Ti sponge samples is compared with commercial anode materials and shows comparable results."]},{"key":"dc:format","label":"Dc Format","values":["application/pdf","p.99","19.2 MB"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["The Synthesis Of High Surface Area Ti Sponges By Halide Conversion Process For Capacitor Anodes"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor":["Welsch, Gerhard"],"dc:creator":["Chih-Hsiang, Yo"],"dc:date":["2013-08-19"],"dc:description":["Titanium sponge was synthesized by halide conversion process. It can be used as an anode with porous structure for an electrolytic capacitor. TiI4 and Ca as the reduction agent were used in the conversion process to obtain open-porous Ti sponges. By changing the reduction temperature and time of the conversion process, Ti sponges with different particle sizes were obtained. A model of Ti sponge formation during the conversion process is proposed. The sponge samples were additionally anodized to grow oxide films over the entire sponge surface and evaluated by measuring the capacitance and leakage current. The anodized Ti sponge samples, with their oxide films of high dielectric constant, can provide high surface to volume ratio to obtain energy density as high as 1J per gram of the anodized Ti sponge. The energy density of the anodized Ti sponge samples is compared with commercial anode materials and shows comparable results."],"dc:format":["application/pdf","p.99","19.2 MB"],"dc:identifier":["http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1363107584"],"dc:language":["English"],"dc:publisher":["Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK"],"dc:rights":["unrestricted","This thesis or dissertation is protected by copyright: some rights reserved. It is licensed for use under a Creative Commons license. Specific terms and permissions are available from this document's record in the OhioLINK ETD Center."],"dc:subject":["Materials Science"],"dc:title":["The Synthesis Of High Surface Area Ti Sponges By Halide Conversion Process For Capacitor Anodes"],"dc:type":["Electronic Thesis or Dissertation"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Materials Science and Engineering"],"thesis:degree_level":["masters"],"thesis:degree_name":["Master of Sciences"],"thesis:institution_name":["Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-24T03:36:39Z"}