This dissertation presents work on the flame propagation and extinction of various liquid hydrocarbon fuels, including conventional and alternative jet fuels, surrogate fuels, and their reference hydrocarbon components. The laminar flame speeds and extinction stretch rates are experimentally determined by using a twin-flame counterflow setup integrated with a Digital Particle Image Velocimetry system for the flow field measurement. The experimental results are also compared with computed values obtained by using various published kinetic models for different fuels. In general, most of the simulation results agree with the experimental data with an average deviation less than 10%, which are reasonable considering the uncertainties in both experiments and kinetic models.
The results of this work show that the conventional Jet-A and alternative jet fuels share very similar flame speeds and extinction limits despite of their differences in the molecular composition. The results of two surrogate mixtures for Jet-A show that they are both able to reproduce very well the flame speeds and extinction limits of the target jet fuel. Additional studies on aromatic species relevant to the conventional jet fuels illustrate that the degree and position of alkyl substitution on the benzene ring have a strong effect on the reactivity of the aromatic components studied. By extending the flame propagation studies to elevated pressures up to 3 atm, it is found that the flame speed results at elevated pressures are consistent in the trend with atmospheric results. Further attempts are made to identify and quantify the effects of preheat temperature and pressure on burning rate.
This dissertation provides experimental flame speed and extinction data of high fidelity for jet fuels and relevant hydrocarbons. The fundamental data provided herein can serve as the benchmark database, and can be used in development and validation of combustion kinetic models.
","abstract_html":"<p>This dissertation presents work on the flame propagation and extinction of various liquid hydrocarbon fuels, including conventional and alternative jet fuels, surrogate fuels, and their reference hydrocarbon components. The laminar flame speeds and extinction stretch rates are experimentally determined by using a twin-flame counterflow setup integrated with a Digital Particle Image Velocimetry system for the flow field measurement. The experimental results are also compared with computed values obtained by using various published kinetic models for different fuels. In general, most of the simulation results agree with the experimental data with an average deviation less than 10%, which are reasonable considering the uncertainties in both experiments and kinetic models.</p><p>The results of this work show that the conventional Jet-A and alternative jet fuels share very similar flame speeds and extinction limits despite of their differences in the molecular composition. The results of two surrogate mixtures for Jet-A show that they are both able to reproduce very well the flame speeds and extinction limits of the target jet fuel. Additional studies on aromatic species relevant to the conventional jet fuels illustrate that the degree and position of alkyl substitution on the benzene ring have a strong effect on the reactivity of the aromatic components studied. By extending the flame propagation studies to elevated pressures up to 3 atm, it is found that the flame speed results at elevated pressures are consistent in the trend with atmospheric results. Further attempts are made to identify and quantify the effects of preheat temperature and pressure on burning rate.</p><p>This dissertation provides experimental flame speed and extinction data of high fidelity for jet fuels and relevant hydrocarbons. The fundamental data provided herein can serve as the benchmark database, and can be used in development and validation of combustion kinetic models.</p>","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Hui, Xin"],"institution":"Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies","degree_name":"Doctor of Philosophy","degree_level":"doctoral","degree_discipline":"EMC - Mechanical Engineering","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Sung, Chih-Jen"],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2013,"date_issued":"2013-03-08","date_published":"2013-03-08","updated_at":"2026-07-24T03:35:52Z","subjects":["Mechanical Engineering","combustion","jet fuel","alternative fuels","surrogate fuels","liquid hydrocarbons"],"languages":["English"],"rights":["unrestricted","This thesis or dissertation is protected by copyright: all rights reserved. It may not be copied or redistributed beyond the terms of applicable copyright laws."],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1354909906","outbound_label":"Repository record","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Sung, Chih-Jen"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Hui, Xin"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date","label":"Dc Date","values":["2013-03-08"]},{"key":"dc:publisher","label":"Institution","values":["Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["Electronic Thesis or Dissertation"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["EMC - Mechanical Engineering"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["doctoral"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["Doctor of Philosophy"]},{"key":"thesis:institution_name","label":"Thesis Institution Name","values":["Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Mechanical Engineering","combustion","jet fuel","alternative fuels","surrogate fuels","liquid hydrocarbons"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language","label":"Dc Language","values":["English"]},{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["unrestricted","This thesis or dissertation is protected by copyright: all rights reserved. It may not be copied or redistributed beyond the terms of applicable copyright laws."]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1354909906"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description","label":"Description","values":["This dissertation presents work on the flame propagation and extinction of various liquid hydrocarbon fuels, including conventional and alternative jet fuels, surrogate fuels, and their reference hydrocarbon components. The laminar flame speeds and extinction stretch rates are experimentally determined by using a twin-flame counterflow setup integrated with a Digital Particle Image Velocimetry system for the flow field measurement. The experimental results are also compared with computed values obtained by using various published kinetic models for different fuels. In general, most of the simulation results agree with the experimental data with an average deviation less than 10%, which are reasonable considering the uncertainties in both experiments and kinetic models.
The results of this work show that the conventional Jet-A and alternative jet fuels share very similar flame speeds and extinction limits despite of their differences in the molecular composition. The results of two surrogate mixtures for Jet-A show that they are both able to reproduce very well the flame speeds and extinction limits of the target jet fuel. Additional studies on aromatic species relevant to the conventional jet fuels illustrate that the degree and position of alkyl substitution on the benzene ring have a strong effect on the reactivity of the aromatic components studied. By extending the flame propagation studies to elevated pressures up to 3 atm, it is found that the flame speed results at elevated pressures are consistent in the trend with atmospheric results. Further attempts are made to identify and quantify the effects of preheat temperature and pressure on burning rate.
This dissertation provides experimental flame speed and extinction data of high fidelity for jet fuels and relevant hydrocarbons. The fundamental data provided herein can serve as the benchmark database, and can be used in development and validation of combustion kinetic models.
"]},{"key":"dc:format","label":"Dc Format","values":["application/pdf","p.161","7.97 MB"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Flame Studies on Conventional, Alternative, and Surrogate Jet Fuels, and Their Reference Hydrocarbons"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor":["Sung, Chih-Jen"],"dc:creator":["Hui, Xin"],"dc:date":["2013-03-08"],"dc:description":["This dissertation presents work on the flame propagation and extinction of various liquid hydrocarbon fuels, including conventional and alternative jet fuels, surrogate fuels, and their reference hydrocarbon components. The laminar flame speeds and extinction stretch rates are experimentally determined by using a twin-flame counterflow setup integrated with a Digital Particle Image Velocimetry system for the flow field measurement. The experimental results are also compared with computed values obtained by using various published kinetic models for different fuels. In general, most of the simulation results agree with the experimental data with an average deviation less than 10%, which are reasonable considering the uncertainties in both experiments and kinetic models.
The results of this work show that the conventional Jet-A and alternative jet fuels share very similar flame speeds and extinction limits despite of their differences in the molecular composition. The results of two surrogate mixtures for Jet-A show that they are both able to reproduce very well the flame speeds and extinction limits of the target jet fuel. Additional studies on aromatic species relevant to the conventional jet fuels illustrate that the degree and position of alkyl substitution on the benzene ring have a strong effect on the reactivity of the aromatic components studied. By extending the flame propagation studies to elevated pressures up to 3 atm, it is found that the flame speed results at elevated pressures are consistent in the trend with atmospheric results. Further attempts are made to identify and quantify the effects of preheat temperature and pressure on burning rate.
This dissertation provides experimental flame speed and extinction data of high fidelity for jet fuels and relevant hydrocarbons. The fundamental data provided herein can serve as the benchmark database, and can be used in development and validation of combustion kinetic models.
"],"dc:format":["application/pdf","p.161","7.97 MB"],"dc:identifier":["http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1354909906"],"dc:language":["English"],"dc:publisher":["Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK"],"dc:rights":["unrestricted","This thesis or dissertation is protected by copyright: all rights reserved. It may not be copied or redistributed beyond the terms of applicable copyright laws."],"dc:subject":["Mechanical Engineering","combustion","jet fuel","alternative fuels","surrogate fuels","liquid hydrocarbons"],"dc:title":["Flame Studies on Conventional, Alternative, and Surrogate Jet Fuels, and Their Reference Hydrocarbons"],"dc:type":["Electronic Thesis or Dissertation"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["EMC - Mechanical Engineering"],"thesis:degree_level":["doctoral"],"thesis:degree_name":["Doctor of Philosophy"],"thesis:institution_name":["Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-24T03:35:52Z"}