In a series of three experiments on the effects on eye-scan behavior of both simulator and aircraft motion, the sensitivity of an oculometric measure to motion effects was demonstrated. \"Fixation Time\", defined as the time the eyes spend at a particular location before moving on (saccade) to another fixation point, was found to be sensitive to motion effects in each of the experiments conducted. The first experiment studied differences between simulator motion and no-motion conditions during a series of simulated Instrument Landing System (ILS) approaches. The mean fixation time for the no-motion condition was found to be significantly longer than for the motion condition for the five pilots tested. This was true particularly for the Flight Director, the instrument supplying attitude and deviation from glideslope information. A second experiment investigated eye-scan parameters based on data collected in flight, with the oculometer in the NASA Transport Systems Research Vehicle (TSRV), and in the fixed base TSRV simulator. The results of this study were similar to those of the first study, and showed fixation time and rate measures to be sensitive to motion (flight) and no-motion. Motion effects were most evident when the subject was viewing a display supplying attitude and flight path information. A third study addressed the question of the nature of the information provided by motion. Utilizing a part-task (monitoring one instrument), with motion in only one dimension (pitch) ten subjects were tested in no-motion, correct motion, and reversed direction motion conditions. The mean fixation times for the no motion condition were significantly longer than for either motion condition, while the two motion conditions did not differ significantly. The results of the present series of experiments support the hypothesis that motion serves an altering function, providing a \"cue\" or \"clue\" to the pilot that \"something happened\". The results do not support the hypothesis that direction of motion is conveyed through this type of motion information. The results suggest that simulation without motion cues may represent an understatement of the true capacity of the pilot.
","abstract_html":"<p>In a series of three experiments on the effects on eye-scan behavior of both simulator and aircraft motion, the sensitivity of an oculometric measure to motion effects was demonstrated. "Fixation Time", defined as the time the eyes spend at a particular location before moving on (saccade) to another fixation point, was found to be sensitive to motion effects in each of the experiments conducted. The first experiment studied differences between simulator motion and no-motion conditions during a series of simulated Instrument Landing System (ILS) approaches. The mean fixation time for the no-motion condition was found to be significantly longer than for the motion condition for the five pilots tested. This was true particularly for the Flight Director, the instrument supplying attitude and deviation from glideslope information. A second experiment investigated eye-scan parameters based on data collected in flight, with the oculometer in the NASA Transport Systems Research Vehicle (TSRV), and in the fixed base TSRV simulator. The results of this study were similar to those of the first study, and showed fixation time and rate measures to be sensitive to motion (flight) and no-motion. Motion effects were most evident when the subject was viewing a display supplying attitude and flight path information. A third study addressed the question of the nature of the information provided by motion. Utilizing a part-task (monitoring one instrument), with motion in only one dimension (pitch) ten subjects were tested in no-motion, correct motion, and reversed direction motion conditions. The mean fixation times for the no motion condition were significantly longer than for either motion condition, while the two motion conditions did not differ significantly. The results of the present series of experiments support the hypothesis that motion serves an altering function, providing a "cue" or "clue" to the pilot that "something happened". The results do not support the hypothesis that direction of motion is conveyed through this type of motion information. The results suggest that simulation without motion cues may represent an understatement of the true capacity of the pilot.</p>","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Comstock, James Raymond, Jr."],"institution":null,"degree_name":"Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)","degree_level":"Dissertation","degree_discipline":"Psychology","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Glynn D. Coates","Randall L. Harris","Raymond H. Kirby","Ben Morgan","Amos Spady"],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":1983,"date_issued":"1983-10-01T07:00:00Z","date_published":"1983-10-01T07:00:00Z","updated_at":"2026-07-24T03:35:15Z","subjects":["Eye movement","Simulator","Landing systems","Instruments","Aircraft motion","Industrial and Organizational Psychology"],"languages":[],"rights":["In Copyright. URI: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ This Item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s).
"],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/psychology_etds/264","outbound_label":"Repository record","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Glynn D. Coates","Randall L. Harris","Raymond H. Kirby","Ben Morgan","Amos Spady"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Comstock, James Raymond, Jr."]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date.available","label":"Dc Date Available","values":["2019-10-03T07:00:00Z"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Psychology"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Dissertation"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Eye movement","Simulator","Landing systems","Instruments","Aircraft motion","Industrial and Organizational Psychology"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["In Copyright. URI: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ This Item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s).
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"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Oculometric Indices of Simulator and Aircraft Motion"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor":["Glynn D. Coates","Randall L. Harris","Raymond H. Kirby","Ben Morgan","Amos Spady"],"dc:creator":["Comstock, James Raymond, Jr."],"dc:date.available":["2019-10-03T07:00:00Z"],"dc:description.abstract":["In a series of three experiments on the effects on eye-scan behavior of both simulator and aircraft motion, the sensitivity of an oculometric measure to motion effects was demonstrated. \"Fixation Time\", defined as the time the eyes spend at a particular location before moving on (saccade) to another fixation point, was found to be sensitive to motion effects in each of the experiments conducted. The first experiment studied differences between simulator motion and no-motion conditions during a series of simulated Instrument Landing System (ILS) approaches. The mean fixation time for the no-motion condition was found to be significantly longer than for the motion condition for the five pilots tested. This was true particularly for the Flight Director, the instrument supplying attitude and deviation from glideslope information. A second experiment investigated eye-scan parameters based on data collected in flight, with the oculometer in the NASA Transport Systems Research Vehicle (TSRV), and in the fixed base TSRV simulator. The results of this study were similar to those of the first study, and showed fixation time and rate measures to be sensitive to motion (flight) and no-motion. Motion effects were most evident when the subject was viewing a display supplying attitude and flight path information. A third study addressed the question of the nature of the information provided by motion. Utilizing a part-task (monitoring one instrument), with motion in only one dimension (pitch) ten subjects were tested in no-motion, correct motion, and reversed direction motion conditions. The mean fixation times for the no motion condition were significantly longer than for either motion condition, while the two motion conditions did not differ significantly. The results of the present series of experiments support the hypothesis that motion serves an altering function, providing a \"cue\" or \"clue\" to the pilot that \"something happened\". The results do not support the hypothesis that direction of motion is conveyed through this type of motion information. The results suggest that simulation without motion cues may represent an understatement of the true capacity of the pilot.
"],"dc:identifier":["https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/psychology_etds/264"],"dc:rights":["In Copyright. URI: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ This Item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s).
"],"dc:subject":["Eye movement","Simulator","Landing systems","Instruments","Aircraft motion","Industrial and Organizational Psychology"],"dc:title":["Oculometric Indices of Simulator and Aircraft Motion"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Psychology"],"thesis:degree_level":["Dissertation"],"thesis:degree_name":["Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-24T03:35:15Z"}