Examining the Measurement Invariance of the MMPI-A-RF Externalizing Scales Across Korean and American Adolescent Normative Samples
The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory – Adolescents – Restructured Form (MMPI-A-RF; Archer, Handel, Ben-Porath, & Tellegen, 2016) is a newly developed instrument in personality and psychopathology and has been translated into many different languages, including the Korean language (University of Minnesota Press, 2016). Due to the cultural differences between Korean and American populations, it is important that constructs measured in the MMPI-A-RF are interpretable across cultures. Focusing on the Externalizing Scales, the present study used multiple-group confirmatory factor analysis (MGCFA) to examine the measurement invariance in Korean and American adolescent normative samples. Partially supporting the hypothesis, the results showed that partial factorial invariance was achieved in four out of the six Externalizing Scales. Noninvariant items of each scale were also identified and cultural differences and implications were discussed. This study expanded the literature on the psychometric properties of the MMPI-A-RF and identified whether any discrepancies between samples reflected true cultural differences, or measurement bias.
Adolescents, American, Korean, Measurement invariance, MMPI-A-RF, Multiple group confirmatory factor analysis, Clinical Psychology, Ethnic Studies, Personality and Social Contexts
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