Estimation of Primary Production and Carbon Flux in Antarctic Coastal Waters: A Modeling Study

<p>This study presents results from models that are designed to simulate the underwater light field, to simulate phytoplankton primary production, and to estimate the fate of phytoplankton carbon in continental shelf waters of the west Antarctic Peninsula (WAP) and Ross Sea. Simulation of the underwater light field required derivation of new coefficient sets for power function-type cloud cover correction algorithms, which were found to be influenced by multiple reflections between the bottom of clouds and the surface. The coefficient sets indicate that the spectral effect of clouds on the properties of the surface irradiance was spectrally-neutral for wavelengths greater than 330 nm. The regional dependency of the newly-derived coefficient sets provide an approach for developing general cloud cover correction algorithms for Antarctic coastal waters. Next, a bio-optical production model that was forced with the simulated surface irradiance fields, corrected for cloud conditions, and the simulated underwater light field was used to estimate primary production and subsequent carbon flux at several sites along the western Antarctic Peninsula and in the Ross Sea. The parameterizations used in the bio-optical production model included depth-dependent photosynthesis-irradiance relationships that involved different patterns of diel variation. Sensitivity studies showed simulated primary production estimates were increased by up to 130% when photosynthetic parameters with a diel periodicity were used in the production model. Inclusion of spectrally-resolved quantum yields increased primary production estimates by as much as 300%, relative to a reference simulation that used constant parameters. The fate of newly-produced phytoplankton carbon obtained from simulations for the WAP and Ross Sea was investigated using budget calculations that included the effects of grazing, advection, and sinking. For the western Antarctic Peninsula region, horizontal (across-shelf component) advection is the dominant process controlling primary production carbon in the outer-shelf areas in all seasons. Depending on season, advection can remove up to 40% of the phytoplankton carbon in the shelf waters. Grazing, however, is as important as across-shelf advection during the summer and can be an order of magnitude greater in inner shelf waters than in mid- and outer-shelf waters.</p>

Name thesis:degree_name

Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

Level thesis:degree_level

Dissertation

Discipline thesis:degree_discipline

Ocean & Earth Sciences

Year dc:date.available

2004

Author dc:creator

• Kim, Hae-Cheol

Contributors dc:contributor

• Eileen E. Hofmann
• Larry P. Atkinson
• Chester Grosch
• John M. Klinck

• Antarctic
• Carbon flux
• Coastal
• Primary production
• Biogeochemistry
• Environmental Sciences
• Oceanography

Statement dc:rights

• <p>In Copyright. URI: <a href="http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/">http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/</a> This Item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s).</p>

Identifier

9780496977277

OAI identifier oai:identifier

oai:digitalcommons.odu.edu:oeas_etds-1051