With the recent increase of the communication bandwidth and processor power, new types of applications have emerged. Among them, there are multimedia application, in which users are able to control, combine, and manipulate different types of media, such as text, sound, video, computer graphics, and animation. A key requirement in any multimedia application is to synchronize the delivery of various media streams to the user. To achieve this, the sender has to provide the temporal relations between the streams as they are captured. Since the receiver uses this information in streams presentation, its accuracy is very important.
Our main contribution is to provide a suit of synchronization algorithms for audio, video and X-windows streams that work correctly in the presence of load variations. First, we propose a mechanism for assigning a correct synchronization specification to media units that takes into account the workload variation at the sender; although this issue is critical, it has been largely ignored in previous work. Second, for detecting the skew between the streams, we propose a synchronization condition that works in the general case of streams having different media unit durations. Based on this condition, we develop an adaptive lip-synchronization algorithm. By estimating the display time of video frames, our algorithm is robust and stable in the presence of both network and workstation load. To synchronize the X-windows stream with the audio/video stream we propose a novel approach that combines dropping X packets with delaying the X client. Finally, we extend our algorithms to a distributed environment. We do this by proposing (1) a mechanism for extracting the synchronization information from mixed audio streams, and (2) a lightweight mechanism to achieve global clock synchronization.
","abstract_html":"<p>With the recent increase of the communication bandwidth and processor power, new types of applications have emerged. Among them, there are multimedia application, in which users are able to control, combine, and manipulate different types of media, such as text, sound, video, computer graphics, and animation. A key requirement in any multimedia application is to synchronize the delivery of various media streams to the user. To achieve this, the sender has to provide the temporal relations between the streams as they are captured. Since the receiver uses this information in streams presentation, its accuracy is very important.</p> <p>Our main contribution is to provide a suit of synchronization algorithms for audio, video and X-windows streams that work correctly in the presence of load variations. First, we propose a mechanism for assigning a correct synchronization specification to media units that takes into account the workload variation at the sender; although this issue is critical, it has been largely ignored in previous work. Second, for detecting the skew between the streams, we propose a synchronization condition that works in the general case of streams having different media unit durations. Based on this condition, we develop an adaptive lip-synchronization algorithm. By estimating the display time of video frames, our algorithm is robust and stable in the presence of both network and workstation load. To synchronize the X-windows stream with the audio/video stream we propose a novel approach that combines dropping X packets with delaying the X client. Finally, we extend our algorithms to a distributed environment. We do this by proposing (1) a mechanism for extracting the synchronization information from mixed audio streams, and (2) a lightweight mechanism to achieve global clock synchronization.</p>","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Stoica, Emilia"],"institution":null,"degree_name":"Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)","degree_level":"Dissertation","degree_discipline":"Computer Science","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Hussein Abdel-Wahab","Kurt Maly","Ravi Mukkamala","Stewart Shen","Jean-Philippe Favreau"],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":1998,"date_issued":"1998-07-01T07:00:00Z","date_published":"1998-07-01T07:00:00Z","updated_at":"2026-07-24T03:34:11Z","subjects":["Multimedia systems","Multiple streams synchronization","Data processing","Telecommunications","Digital Communications and Networking","Software Engineering"],"languages":[],"rights":["In Copyright. URI: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ This Item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s).
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Our main contribution is to provide a suit of synchronization algorithms for audio, video and X-windows streams that work correctly in the presence of load variations. First, we propose a mechanism for assigning a correct synchronization specification to media units that takes into account the workload variation at the sender; although this issue is critical, it has been largely ignored in previous work. Second, for detecting the skew between the streams, we propose a synchronization condition that works in the general case of streams having different media unit durations. Based on this condition, we develop an adaptive lip-synchronization algorithm. By estimating the display time of video frames, our algorithm is robust and stable in the presence of both network and workstation load. To synchronize the X-windows stream with the audio/video stream we propose a novel approach that combines dropping X packets with delaying the X client. Finally, we extend our algorithms to a distributed environment. We do this by proposing (1) a mechanism for extracting the synchronization information from mixed audio streams, and (2) a lightweight mechanism to achieve global clock synchronization.
"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Multiple Streams Synchronization in Collaborative Multimedia Systems"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor":["Hussein Abdel-Wahab","Kurt Maly","Ravi Mukkamala","Stewart Shen","Jean-Philippe Favreau"],"dc:creator":["Stoica, Emilia"],"dc:date.available":["2019-02-19T08:00:00Z"],"dc:description.abstract":["With the recent increase of the communication bandwidth and processor power, new types of applications have emerged. Among them, there are multimedia application, in which users are able to control, combine, and manipulate different types of media, such as text, sound, video, computer graphics, and animation. A key requirement in any multimedia application is to synchronize the delivery of various media streams to the user. To achieve this, the sender has to provide the temporal relations between the streams as they are captured. Since the receiver uses this information in streams presentation, its accuracy is very important.
Our main contribution is to provide a suit of synchronization algorithms for audio, video and X-windows streams that work correctly in the presence of load variations. First, we propose a mechanism for assigning a correct synchronization specification to media units that takes into account the workload variation at the sender; although this issue is critical, it has been largely ignored in previous work. Second, for detecting the skew between the streams, we propose a synchronization condition that works in the general case of streams having different media unit durations. Based on this condition, we develop an adaptive lip-synchronization algorithm. By estimating the display time of video frames, our algorithm is robust and stable in the presence of both network and workstation load. To synchronize the X-windows stream with the audio/video stream we propose a novel approach that combines dropping X packets with delaying the X client. Finally, we extend our algorithms to a distributed environment. We do this by proposing (1) a mechanism for extracting the synchronization information from mixed audio streams, and (2) a lightweight mechanism to achieve global clock synchronization.
"],"dc:identifier":["9780599208858","https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/computerscience_etds/86"],"dc:rights":["In Copyright. URI: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ This Item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s).
"],"dc:subject":["Multimedia systems","Multiple streams synchronization","Data processing","Telecommunications","Digital Communications and Networking","Software Engineering"],"dc:title":["Multiple Streams Synchronization in Collaborative Multimedia Systems"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Computer Science"],"thesis:degree_level":["Dissertation"],"thesis:degree_name":["Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-24T03:34:11Z"}