This dissertation presents a study of the systematics of the subterranean amphipod genus Stygobromus of family Crangonyctidae in western North America. A total of 53 species of Stygobromus from western North America (including one species from Wisconsin) are recognized, 28 of which are new to science. All species are described and illustrated using external morphological features. A key to the western North America species of Stygobromus is given, as well as a summary of habitats of the species.
Cladistic analyses are conducted using 32 external morphological characters and two categories of outgroup choices: “all-zero” theoretical ancestor and three non-Stygobromus species. The consensus trees of unordered/unweighted and ordered/partially weighted are developed. The results of both categories support one monophyletic species cluster, which includes most species in California. Two loose constant congruent species clusters were also recognized in the two category runs: a California-Oregon-Washington species cluster includes S. imperialis. S. rudolphi, S. gallawayae, S. latus, S. grahami, S wengerorum, S. harai, S. gradyi, S. elliorti, S. mysticus , and S. hubbsi; a Colorado-Idaho-Montana species cluster includes S. urospinatus, S. fontanalis, S. pennaki, S. coloradensis, S. canadensis, and S. idahoensis. The number of species in each of the two loose constant clusters of the two categories is variable.
The species diversity of Stygobromus decreases from east to west in North America, possibly resulting, from geologically more recent landforms in western North America. In addition, many habitats presently occupied by western species of Stygobromus may not be older than the Pleisiocene. Some lava tubes in Oregon and Washington are even more recent. This explanation may also account for close morphological similarity of hubbsi group species in western North America.
","abstract_html":"<p>This dissertation presents a study of the systematics of the subterranean amphipod genus <em>Stygobromus</em> of family Crangonyctidae in western North America. A total of 53 species of <em>Stygobromus</em> from western North America (including one species from Wisconsin) are recognized, 28 of which are new to science. All species are described and illustrated using external morphological features. A key to the western North America species of <em>Stygobromus</em> is given, as well as a summary of habitats of the species.</p> <p>Cladistic analyses are conducted using 32 external morphological characters and two categories of outgroup choices: “all-zero” theoretical ancestor and three non-<em>Stygobromus</em> species. The consensus trees of unordered/unweighted and ordered/partially weighted are developed. The results of both categories support one monophyletic species cluster, which includes most species in California. Two loose constant congruent species clusters were also recognized in the two category runs: a California-Oregon-Washington species cluster includes <em>S. imperialis. S. rudolphi, S. gallawayae, S. latus, S. grahami, S wengerorum, S. harai, S. gradyi, S. elliorti, S. mysticus </em>, and <em>S. hubbsi</em>; a Colorado-Idaho-Montana species cluster includes <em>S. urospinatus, S. fontanalis, S. pennaki, S. coloradensis, S. canadensis</em>, and <em>S. idahoensis</em>. The number of species in each of the two loose constant clusters of the two categories is variable.</p> <p>The species diversity of <em>Stygobromus</em> decreases from east to west in North America, possibly resulting, from geologically more recent landforms in western North America. In addition, many habitats presently occupied by western species of <em>Stygobromus</em> may not be older than the Pleisiocene. Some lava tubes in Oregon and Washington are even more recent. This explanation may also account for close morphological similarity of <em>hubbsi</em> group species in western North America.</p>","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Wang, Daqing"],"institution":null,"degree_name":"Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)","degree_level":"Dissertation","degree_discipline":"Biological Sciences","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["John R. Holsinger","James D. Thomas","Kent E. Carpenter"],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2001,"date_issued":"2001-07-01T07:00:00Z","date_published":"2001-07-01T07:00:00Z","updated_at":"2026-07-24T03:35:23Z","subjects":["Crangonyctidae","Stygobromus","Subterranean amphipod","Hubbsi","Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecology"],"languages":[],"rights":["In Copyright. URI: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ This Item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s).
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Cladistic analyses are conducted using 32 external morphological characters and two categories of outgroup choices: “all-zero” theoretical ancestor and three non-Stygobromus species. The consensus trees of unordered/unweighted and ordered/partially weighted are developed. The results of both categories support one monophyletic species cluster, which includes most species in California. Two loose constant congruent species clusters were also recognized in the two category runs: a California-Oregon-Washington species cluster includes S. imperialis. S. rudolphi, S. gallawayae, S. latus, S. grahami, S wengerorum, S. harai, S. gradyi, S. elliorti, S. mysticus , and S. hubbsi; a Colorado-Idaho-Montana species cluster includes S. urospinatus, S. fontanalis, S. pennaki, S. coloradensis, S. canadensis, and S. idahoensis. The number of species in each of the two loose constant clusters of the two categories is variable.
The species diversity of Stygobromus decreases from east to west in North America, possibly resulting, from geologically more recent landforms in western North America. In addition, many habitats presently occupied by western species of Stygobromus may not be older than the Pleisiocene. Some lava tubes in Oregon and Washington are even more recent. This explanation may also account for close morphological similarity of hubbsi group species in western North America.
"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Systematics of the Subterranean Amphipod Genus Stygobromus (Crangonyctidae) in Western North America, With Emphasis on Species of the Hubbsi Group"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor":["John R. Holsinger","James D. Thomas","Kent E. Carpenter"],"dc:creator":["Wang, Daqing"],"dc:date.available":["2019-10-11T07:00:00Z"],"dc:description.abstract":["This dissertation presents a study of the systematics of the subterranean amphipod genus Stygobromus of family Crangonyctidae in western North America. A total of 53 species of Stygobromus from western North America (including one species from Wisconsin) are recognized, 28 of which are new to science. All species are described and illustrated using external morphological features. A key to the western North America species of Stygobromus is given, as well as a summary of habitats of the species.
Cladistic analyses are conducted using 32 external morphological characters and two categories of outgroup choices: “all-zero” theoretical ancestor and three non-Stygobromus species. The consensus trees of unordered/unweighted and ordered/partially weighted are developed. The results of both categories support one monophyletic species cluster, which includes most species in California. Two loose constant congruent species clusters were also recognized in the two category runs: a California-Oregon-Washington species cluster includes S. imperialis. S. rudolphi, S. gallawayae, S. latus, S. grahami, S wengerorum, S. harai, S. gradyi, S. elliorti, S. mysticus , and S. hubbsi; a Colorado-Idaho-Montana species cluster includes S. urospinatus, S. fontanalis, S. pennaki, S. coloradensis, S. canadensis, and S. idahoensis. The number of species in each of the two loose constant clusters of the two categories is variable.
The species diversity of Stygobromus decreases from east to west in North America, possibly resulting, from geologically more recent landforms in western North America. In addition, many habitats presently occupied by western species of Stygobromus may not be older than the Pleisiocene. Some lava tubes in Oregon and Washington are even more recent. This explanation may also account for close morphological similarity of hubbsi group species in western North America.
"],"dc:identifier":["9780493564609","https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/biology_etds/103"],"dc:rights":["In Copyright. URI: http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ This Item is protected by copyright and/or related rights. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s).
"],"dc:subject":["Crangonyctidae","Stygobromus","Subterranean amphipod","Hubbsi","Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecology"],"dc:title":["Systematics of the Subterranean Amphipod Genus Stygobromus (Crangonyctidae) in Western North America, With Emphasis on Species of the Hubbsi Group"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Biological Sciences"],"thesis:degree_level":["Dissertation"],"thesis:degree_name":["Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-24T03:35:23Z"}