{"id":{"repo_id":"nus","oai_identifier":"oai:scholarbank.nus.edu.sg:10635/47542"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/nus/oai:scholarbank.nus.edu.sg:10635/47542","repository":{"repo_id":"nus","name":"National University of Singapore","base_url":"https://scholarbank.nus.edu.sg/oai/request"},"display":{"title":"DEVELOPMENT AND APPLICATION OF MINIATURIZED SAMPLE PREPARATION TECHNIQUES COMBINED WITH GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY-MASS SPECTROMETRY IN ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS","abstract":"This dissertation presents the development and application of miniaturized sample preparation techniques for environmental analysis. For sorbent-based microextraction, the applicability and feasibility of graphene or modified graphene as sorbent was investigated and evaluated. The possibility of graphene serving as sorbent was first explored in micro-solid-phase extraction. To further investigate its extraction capability, well-dispersed graphene was applied in a variation of solid-phase microextraction (SPME), which was assembled with a commercially-available plunger-in-needle microsyringe, in which the plunger was coated with graphene. With this setup, a ready-made SPME device resembling a commercial system, was conveniently devised. A liquid-phase microextraction (LPME) approach was developed: plunger-in-needle LPME, based on similar concept as plunger-in-needle SPME. A hydrofluoric acid-etched stainless steel plunger was used as organic solvent holder and support. The aforementioned miniaturized and environmentally friendly sample preparation methods were demonstrated to be simple, fast and cost-effective for the analysis of organic pollutants from environmental aqueous samples.","abstract_html":"This dissertation presents the development and application of miniaturized sample preparation techniques for environmental analysis. For sorbent-based microextraction, the applicability and feasibility of graphene or modified graphene as sorbent was investigated and evaluated. The possibility of graphene serving as sorbent was first explored in micro-solid-phase extraction. To further investigate its extraction capability, well-dispersed graphene was applied in a variation of solid-phase microextraction (SPME), which was assembled with a commercially-available plunger-in-needle microsyringe, in which the plunger was coated with graphene. With this setup, a ready-made SPME device resembling a commercial system, was conveniently devised. A liquid-phase microextraction (LPME) approach was developed: plunger-in-needle LPME, based on similar concept as plunger-in-needle SPME. A hydrofluoric acid-etched stainless steel plunger was used as organic solvent holder and support. The aforementioned miniaturized and environmentally friendly sample preparation methods were demonstrated to be simple, fast and cost-effective for the analysis of organic pollutants from environmental aqueous samples.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["ZHANG HONG"],"institution":null,"degree_name":null,"degree_level":null,"degree_discipline":null,"degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":[],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2011,"date_issued":"2011-09-22","date_published":"2011-09-22","updated_at":"2026-07-24T03:31:13Z","subjects":["Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, Microextraction, Solid-phase, Liquid-phase, Graphene, Plunger-in-needle"],"languages":[],"rights":[],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":null,"outbound_label":null,"outbound_source":null},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["ZHANG HONG"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date.issued","label":"Date","values":["2011-09-22"]},{"key":"dc:relation.isreferencedby","label":"Dc Relation Isreferencedby","values":["https://scholarbank.nus.edu.sg/handle/10635/47542"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["Thesis"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, Microextraction, Solid-phase, Liquid-phase, Graphene, Plunger-in-needle"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier.uri","label":"Identifier URI","values":["https://scholarbank.nus.edu.sg/bitstreams/f551e2bb-ab17-4eb4-9a8d-46d6127cb295/download"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description.abstract","label":"Abstract","values":["This dissertation presents the development and application of miniaturized sample preparation techniques for environmental analysis. 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The possibility of graphene serving as sorbent was first explored in micro-solid-phase extraction. To further investigate its extraction capability, well-dispersed graphene was applied in a variation of solid-phase microextraction (SPME), which was assembled with a commercially-available plunger-in-needle microsyringe, in which the plunger was coated with graphene. With this setup, a ready-made SPME device resembling a commercial system, was conveniently devised. A liquid-phase microextraction (LPME) approach was developed: plunger-in-needle LPME, based on similar concept as plunger-in-needle SPME. A hydrofluoric acid-etched stainless steel plunger was used as organic solvent holder and support. The aforementioned miniaturized and environmentally friendly sample preparation methods were demonstrated to be simple, fast and cost-effective for the analysis of organic pollutants from environmental aqueous samples."],"dc:format.checksum.md5":["29b49b112e7c5125251ec8ecc4dab162","373e6d011ff5bbe30fc39c8ca4d92979"],"dc:identifier.uri":["https://scholarbank.nus.edu.sg/bitstreams/f551e2bb-ab17-4eb4-9a8d-46d6127cb295/download"],"dc:relation.isreferencedby":["https://scholarbank.nus.edu.sg/handle/10635/47542"],"dc:subject":["Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, Microextraction, Solid-phase, Liquid-phase, Graphene, Plunger-in-needle"],"dc:title":["DEVELOPMENT AND APPLICATION OF MINIATURIZED SAMPLE PREPARATION TECHNIQUES COMBINED WITH GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY-MASS SPECTROMETRY IN ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS"],"dc:type":["Thesis"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-24T03:31:13Z"}