{"id":{"repo_id":"nus","oai_identifier":"oai:scholarbank.nus.edu.sg:10635/172369"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/nus/oai:scholarbank.nus.edu.sg:10635/172369","repository":{"repo_id":"nus","name":"National University of Singapore","base_url":"https://scholarbank.nus.edu.sg/oai/request"},"display":{"title":"COMPUTER-BASED IDENTIFICATION OF LANDMARKS IN CEPHALOGRAMS","abstract":"The aim of the project was to detect and measure some craniofacial landmarks for use by the orthodontist in diagnosis and treatment planning. Altogether eight landmarks were to be detected. They were the sella, nasion, pogonion, menton, incisor superious, apicale superious, incisor inferious and apicale inferious. The original image was divided into smaller sub-images that contained the landmarks of interest, which were then analyzed accordingly. A windows-based application software was built. The user needs only to highlight the region containing the sella and all other landmarks are detected automatically. Acceptance tests were performed on detected landmarks to ensure that the results obtained were valid. The results of landmark identification were classified as pass, fail or unsure. The algorithm successfully detected 70% of the sella, 70% of the nasion, 50% of the menton and the pogonion, and 30% of the incisor/apicale inferious/superious within the margin of error of 2 mm.","abstract_html":"The aim of the project was to detect and measure some craniofacial landmarks for use by the orthodontist in diagnosis and treatment planning. Altogether eight landmarks were to be detected. They were the sella, nasion, pogonion, menton, incisor superious, apicale superious, incisor inferious and apicale inferious. The original image was divided into smaller sub-images that contained the landmarks of interest, which were then analyzed accordingly. A windows-based application software was built. The user needs only to highlight the region containing the sella and all other landmarks are detected automatically. Acceptance tests were performed on detected landmarks to ensure that the results obtained were valid. The results of landmark identification were classified as pass, fail or unsure. The algorithm successfully detected 70% of the sella, 70% of the nasion, 50% of the menton and the pogonion, and 30% of the incisor/apicale inferious/superious within the margin of error of 2 mm.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["TAN HEE LAM"],"institution":null,"degree_name":null,"degree_level":null,"degree_discipline":null,"degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":[],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":1996,"date_issued":"1996","date_published":"1996","updated_at":"2026-07-24T03:32:04Z","subjects":[],"languages":[],"rights":[],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":null,"outbound_label":null,"outbound_source":null},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["TAN HEE LAM"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date.issued","label":"Date","values":["1996"]},{"key":"dc:relation.isreferencedby","label":"Dc Relation Isreferencedby","values":["https://scholarbank.nus.edu.sg/handle/10635/172369"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["Thesis"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier.uri","label":"Identifier URI","values":["https://scholarbank.nus.edu.sg/bitstreams/9db9befc-41a9-4f7f-8855-0a387b0da5b4/download"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description.abstract","label":"Abstract","values":["The aim of the project was to detect and measure some craniofacial landmarks for use by the orthodontist in diagnosis and treatment planning. 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The algorithm successfully detected 70% of the sella, 70% of the nasion, 50% of the menton and the pogonion, and 30% of the incisor/apicale inferious/superious within the margin of error of 2 mm."]},{"key":"dc:format.checksum.md5","label":"Dc Format Checksum Md5","values":["dfe6fdd19f573007fa7b9ee1d8eb0102","4f062294c3c89c650179996f821d4233"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["COMPUTER-BASED IDENTIFICATION OF LANDMARKS IN CEPHALOGRAMS"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:creator":["TAN HEE LAM"],"dc:date.issued":["1996"],"dc:description.abstract":["The aim of the project was to detect and measure some craniofacial landmarks for use by the orthodontist in diagnosis and treatment planning. Altogether eight landmarks were to be detected. They were the sella, nasion, pogonion, menton, incisor superious, apicale superious, incisor inferious and apicale inferious. 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