{"id":{"repo_id":"nott-trent","oai_identifier":"oai:irep.ntu.ac.uk:168"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/nott-trent/oai:irep.ntu.ac.uk:168","repository":{"repo_id":"nott-trent","name":"Nottingham Trent University","base_url":"https://irep.ntu.ac.uk/cgi/oai2"},"display":{"title":"Voltage programmable liquid optical devices","abstract":"In this study I have looked at two types of voltage programmable liquid optical device. The first is a rotatable liquid crystal waveplate and the second is an amplitude programmable liquid phase grating. The rotatable waveplate was created by confining a droplet of E7 nematic liquid crystal between two glass substrates in a photolithographically produced square well of 60x60x15µm dimensions. The droplet forms a circular disc shape with two nematic defects at opposite edges of the disc. The optical texture has been examined and the most likely n-director orientation is shown to be Bipolar. Electrodes etched into the sandwiching substrate allow an in-plane electric field to be applied and because of the E7's positive dielectric anisotropy the n-director of the droplet aligns itself with the field. The speed at which this rotation occurs is shown to follow the relationship Ø = 0.0472гV 2 and rotation speeds of 450° /s have been achieved.","abstract_html":"In this study I have looked at two types of voltage programmable liquid optical device. The first is a rotatable liquid crystal waveplate and the second is an amplitude programmable liquid phase grating. The rotatable waveplate was created by confining a droplet of E7 nematic liquid crystal between two glass substrates in a photolithographically produced square well of 60x60x15µm dimensions. The droplet forms a circular disc shape with two nematic defects at opposite edges of the disc. The optical texture has been examined and the most likely n-director orientation is shown to be Bipolar. Electrodes etched into the sandwiching substrate allow an in-plane electric field to be applied and because of the E7's positive dielectric anisotropy the n-director of the droplet aligns itself with the field. The speed at which this rotation occurs is shown to follow the relationship Ø = 0.0472гV 2 and rotation speeds of 450° /s have been achieved.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Wells, GG"],"institution":"Nottingham Trent University","degree_name":"phd","degree_level":"doctoral","degree_discipline":null,"degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":[],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2009,"date_issued":"2009","date_published":"2009","updated_at":"2026-07-24T06:30:44Z","subjects":[],"languages":["en"],"rights":[],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":null,"outbound_label":null,"outbound_source":null},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Wells, GG"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date","label":"Dc Date","values":["2009"]},{"key":"dc:date.issued","label":"Date","values":["2009"]},{"key":"dc:publisher.institution","label":"Dc Publisher Institution","values":["Nottingham Trent University"]},{"key":"dc:relation.isreferencedby","label":"Dc Relation Isreferencedby","values":["https://irep.ntu.ac.uk/id/eprint/168/"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["Thesis"]},{"key":"dc:type.qualificationlevel","label":"Dc Type Qualificationlevel","values":["doctoral"]},{"key":"dc:type.qualificationname","label":"Dc Type Qualificationname","values":["phd"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language","label":"Dc Language","values":["en"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier.uri","label":"Identifier URI","values":["https://irep.ntu.ac.uk/id/eprint/168/1/196811_GGWellsThesis2010.pdf"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description.abstract","label":"Abstract","values":["In this study I have looked at two types of voltage programmable liquid optical device. The first is a rotatable liquid crystal waveplate and the second is an amplitude programmable liquid phase grating. The rotatable waveplate was created by confining a droplet of E7 nematic liquid crystal between two glass substrates in a photolithographically produced square well of 60x60x15µm dimensions. The droplet forms a circular disc shape with two nematic defects at opposite edges of the disc. The optical texture has been examined and the most likely n-director orientation is shown to be Bipolar. Electrodes etched into the sandwiching substrate allow an in-plane electric field to be applied and because of the E7's positive dielectric anisotropy the n-director of the droplet aligns itself with the field. The speed at which this rotation occurs is shown to follow the relationship Ø = 0.0472гV 2 and rotation speeds of 450° /s have been achieved."]},{"key":"dc:format","label":"Dc Format","values":["text"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Voltage programmable liquid optical devices"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:creator":["Wells, GG"],"dc:date":["2009"],"dc:date.issued":["2009"],"dc:description.abstract":["In this study I have looked at two types of voltage programmable liquid optical device. The first is a rotatable liquid crystal waveplate and the second is an amplitude programmable liquid phase grating. The rotatable waveplate was created by confining a droplet of E7 nematic liquid crystal between two glass substrates in a photolithographically produced square well of 60x60x15µm dimensions. The droplet forms a circular disc shape with two nematic defects at opposite edges of the disc. The optical texture has been examined and the most likely n-director orientation is shown to be Bipolar. Electrodes etched into the sandwiching substrate allow an in-plane electric field to be applied and because of the E7's positive dielectric anisotropy the n-director of the droplet aligns itself with the field. The speed at which this rotation occurs is shown to follow the relationship Ø = 0.0472гV 2 and rotation speeds of 450° /s have been achieved."],"dc:format":["text"],"dc:identifier.uri":["https://irep.ntu.ac.uk/id/eprint/168/1/196811_GGWellsThesis2010.pdf"],"dc:language":["en"],"dc:publisher.institution":["Nottingham Trent University"],"dc:relation.isreferencedby":["https://irep.ntu.ac.uk/id/eprint/168/"],"dc:title":["Voltage programmable liquid optical devices"],"dc:type":["Thesis"],"dc:type.qualificationlevel":["doctoral"],"dc:type.qualificationname":["phd"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-24T06:30:44Z"}