Advances in DNA sequencing are enabling researchers to identify and genotype large sets of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in non-model organisms to answer questions concerning ecology, evolution, and conservation. Analysis of SNP allele frequencies can provide insight into the amount of genetic diversity present in a population, connectivity between populations, and historical demographic changes. The blue wildebeest (Connochaetes taurinus) plays an important ecological role in many African savanna ecosystems, but little is known about the level of genetic diversity within most populations or the amount of gene flow that occurs between populations. In particular, the wildebeest in the Liuwa Plain of Zambia have been largely unstudied until recently, despite being the second largest population of migratory wildebeest. I used restriction-site associated DNA sequencing (RAD-seq) of blue wildebeest DNA to discover 2,921 novel SNPs within 1,732 RAD loci. Using these SNPs, I determined that the Liuwa Plain blue wildebeest population has moderate levels of genetic diversity compared to other large ungulates (He = 0.210), no evidence of inbreeding (FIS = 0.033), and an effective population size about one tenth of the census size. I found some evidence of genetic differentiation between wildebeest in the Liuwa Plain and Kafue National Park using STRUCTURE, and found signs of a historical population decline from the site frequency spectrum. These results will supplement field studies in developing effective conservation plans for wildebeest as they face threats of habitat destruction and overhunting.
","abstract_html":"<p>Advances in DNA sequencing are enabling researchers to identify and genotype large sets of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in non-model organisms to answer questions concerning ecology, evolution, and conservation. Analysis of SNP allele frequencies can provide insight into the amount of genetic diversity present in a population, connectivity between populations, and historical demographic changes. The blue wildebeest (<em>Connochaetes taurinus</em>) plays an important ecological role in many African savanna ecosystems, but little is known about the level of genetic diversity within most populations or the amount of gene flow that occurs between populations. In particular, the wildebeest in the Liuwa Plain of Zambia have been largely unstudied until recently, despite being the second largest population of migratory wildebeest. I used restriction-site associated DNA sequencing (RAD-seq) of blue wildebeest DNA to discover 2,921 novel SNPs within 1,732 RAD loci. Using these SNPs, I determined that the Liuwa Plain blue wildebeest population has moderate levels of genetic diversity compared to other large ungulates (<em>H<sub>e</sub></em> = 0.210), no evidence of inbreeding (<em>F<sub>IS</sub></em> = 0.033), and an effective population size about one tenth of the census size. I found some evidence of genetic differentiation between wildebeest in the Liuwa Plain and Kafue National Park using STRUCTURE, and found signs of a historical population decline from the site frequency spectrum. These results will supplement field studies in developing effective conservation plans for wildebeest as they face threats of habitat destruction and overhunting.</p>","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Szarmach, Stephanie J."],"institution":null,"degree_name":"Master of Science","degree_level":"Thesis","degree_discipline":"Biology","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Dr. Katherine Teeter"],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2019,"date_issued":"2019-12-01T08:00:00Z","date_published":"2019-12-01T08:00:00Z","updated_at":"2026-07-24T03:24:17Z","subjects":["blue wildebeest","Connochaetes taurinus","Zambia","RAD-seq","genetic diversity","population genomics","demographic history","population structure","Genomics","Population Biology"],"languages":[],"rights":[],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"https://commons.nmu.edu/theses/607","outbound_label":"Repository record","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Dr. Katherine Teeter"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Szarmach, Stephanie J."]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date.available","label":"Dc Date Available","values":["2024-11-13T08:00:00Z"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Biology"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Thesis"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["Master of Science"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["blue wildebeest","Connochaetes taurinus","Zambia","RAD-seq","genetic diversity","population genomics","demographic history","population structure","Genomics","Population Biology"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["https://commons.nmu.edu/theses/607"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description.abstract","label":"Abstract","values":["Advances in DNA sequencing are enabling researchers to identify and genotype large sets of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in non-model organisms to answer questions concerning ecology, evolution, and conservation. Analysis of SNP allele frequencies can provide insight into the amount of genetic diversity present in a population, connectivity between populations, and historical demographic changes. The blue wildebeest (Connochaetes taurinus) plays an important ecological role in many African savanna ecosystems, but little is known about the level of genetic diversity within most populations or the amount of gene flow that occurs between populations. In particular, the wildebeest in the Liuwa Plain of Zambia have been largely unstudied until recently, despite being the second largest population of migratory wildebeest. I used restriction-site associated DNA sequencing (RAD-seq) of blue wildebeest DNA to discover 2,921 novel SNPs within 1,732 RAD loci. Using these SNPs, I determined that the Liuwa Plain blue wildebeest population has moderate levels of genetic diversity compared to other large ungulates (He = 0.210), no evidence of inbreeding (FIS = 0.033), and an effective population size about one tenth of the census size. I found some evidence of genetic differentiation between wildebeest in the Liuwa Plain and Kafue National Park using STRUCTURE, and found signs of a historical population decline from the site frequency spectrum. These results will supplement field studies in developing effective conservation plans for wildebeest as they face threats of habitat destruction and overhunting.
"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Genetic Diversity of Blue Wildebeest (Connochaetes taurinus) in the Liuwa Plain of Zambia"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor":["Dr. Katherine Teeter"],"dc:creator":["Szarmach, Stephanie J."],"dc:date.available":["2024-11-13T08:00:00Z"],"dc:description.abstract":["Advances in DNA sequencing are enabling researchers to identify and genotype large sets of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in non-model organisms to answer questions concerning ecology, evolution, and conservation. Analysis of SNP allele frequencies can provide insight into the amount of genetic diversity present in a population, connectivity between populations, and historical demographic changes. The blue wildebeest (Connochaetes taurinus) plays an important ecological role in many African savanna ecosystems, but little is known about the level of genetic diversity within most populations or the amount of gene flow that occurs between populations. In particular, the wildebeest in the Liuwa Plain of Zambia have been largely unstudied until recently, despite being the second largest population of migratory wildebeest. I used restriction-site associated DNA sequencing (RAD-seq) of blue wildebeest DNA to discover 2,921 novel SNPs within 1,732 RAD loci. Using these SNPs, I determined that the Liuwa Plain blue wildebeest population has moderate levels of genetic diversity compared to other large ungulates (He = 0.210), no evidence of inbreeding (FIS = 0.033), and an effective population size about one tenth of the census size. I found some evidence of genetic differentiation between wildebeest in the Liuwa Plain and Kafue National Park using STRUCTURE, and found signs of a historical population decline from the site frequency spectrum. These results will supplement field studies in developing effective conservation plans for wildebeest as they face threats of habitat destruction and overhunting.
"],"dc:identifier":["https://commons.nmu.edu/theses/607"],"dc:subject":["blue wildebeest","Connochaetes taurinus","Zambia","RAD-seq","genetic diversity","population genomics","demographic history","population structure","Genomics","Population Biology"],"dc:title":["Genetic Diversity of Blue Wildebeest (Connochaetes taurinus) in the Liuwa Plain of Zambia"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Biology"],"thesis:degree_level":["Thesis"],"thesis:degree_name":["Master of Science"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-24T03:24:17Z"}