This study attempted to further explore the discriminative stimulus properties of antipsychotic drugs, by establishing the typical antipsychotic drug chlorpromazine, and the atypical antipsychotic drug clozapine as discriminative stimulus in two different groups of rats. The rats trained to discriminate chlorpromazine from vehicle failed to do so reliably, however nine of ten rats trained to discriminate 1.25 mg/kg clozapine from vehicle were able to acquire the discrimination in 19.1 sessions. The clozapine cue partially generalized (63.13% drug lever responding [SEM = ± 18.91]) to the antimalarial drug methylene blue at the 7.5 mg/kg dose, but not to the antimalarial quinacrine. This study found that the antimalarial drug methylene blue may share some pharmacological similarities or subjective effects with that of clozapine, and further studies into its antipsychotic value, if any, should be explored.
","abstract_html":"<p>This study attempted to further explore the discriminative stimulus properties of antipsychotic drugs, by establishing the typical antipsychotic drug chlorpromazine, and the atypical antipsychotic drug clozapine as discriminative stimulus in two different groups of rats. The rats trained to discriminate chlorpromazine from vehicle failed to do so reliably, however nine of ten rats trained to discriminate 1.25 mg/kg clozapine from vehicle were able to acquire the discrimination in 19.1 sessions. The clozapine cue partially generalized (63.13% drug lever responding [SEM = ± 18.91]) to the antimalarial drug methylene blue at the 7.5 mg/kg dose, but not to the antimalarial quinacrine. This study found that the antimalarial drug methylene blue may share some pharmacological similarities or subjective effects with that of clozapine, and further studies into its antipsychotic value, if any, should be explored.</p>","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Lekander, Alex"],"institution":null,"degree_name":"Master of Science","degree_level":"Thesis","degree_discipline":"Psychological Science","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Adam Prus"],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2019,"date_issued":"2019-07-01T07:00:00Z","date_published":"2019-07-01T07:00:00Z","updated_at":"2026-07-24T03:24:12Z","subjects":["antipsychotic","chlorpromazine","clozapine","methylene blue","quinacrine","drug discrimination","stimulus generalization","Animal Studies","Behavior and Behavior Mechanisms","Experimental Analysis of Behavior"],"languages":[],"rights":[],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"https://commons.nmu.edu/theses/601","outbound_label":"Repository record","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Adam Prus"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Lekander, Alex"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date.available","label":"Dc Date Available","values":["2019-07-12T07:00:00Z"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Psychological Science"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Thesis"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["Master of Science"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["antipsychotic","chlorpromazine","clozapine","methylene blue","quinacrine","drug discrimination","stimulus generalization","Animal Studies","Behavior and Behavior Mechanisms","Experimental Analysis of Behavior"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["https://commons.nmu.edu/theses/601"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description.abstract","label":"Abstract","values":["This study attempted to further explore the discriminative stimulus properties of antipsychotic drugs, by establishing the typical antipsychotic drug chlorpromazine, and the atypical antipsychotic drug clozapine as discriminative stimulus in two different groups of rats. The rats trained to discriminate chlorpromazine from vehicle failed to do so reliably, however nine of ten rats trained to discriminate 1.25 mg/kg clozapine from vehicle were able to acquire the discrimination in 19.1 sessions. The clozapine cue partially generalized (63.13% drug lever responding [SEM = ± 18.91]) to the antimalarial drug methylene blue at the 7.5 mg/kg dose, but not to the antimalarial quinacrine. This study found that the antimalarial drug methylene blue may share some pharmacological similarities or subjective effects with that of clozapine, and further studies into its antipsychotic value, if any, should be explored.
"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Discriminative Stimulus Effects of Putative Antipsychotic Drugs"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor":["Adam Prus"],"dc:creator":["Lekander, Alex"],"dc:date.available":["2019-07-12T07:00:00Z"],"dc:description.abstract":["This study attempted to further explore the discriminative stimulus properties of antipsychotic drugs, by establishing the typical antipsychotic drug chlorpromazine, and the atypical antipsychotic drug clozapine as discriminative stimulus in two different groups of rats. The rats trained to discriminate chlorpromazine from vehicle failed to do so reliably, however nine of ten rats trained to discriminate 1.25 mg/kg clozapine from vehicle were able to acquire the discrimination in 19.1 sessions. The clozapine cue partially generalized (63.13% drug lever responding [SEM = ± 18.91]) to the antimalarial drug methylene blue at the 7.5 mg/kg dose, but not to the antimalarial quinacrine. This study found that the antimalarial drug methylene blue may share some pharmacological similarities or subjective effects with that of clozapine, and further studies into its antipsychotic value, if any, should be explored.
"],"dc:identifier":["https://commons.nmu.edu/theses/601"],"dc:subject":["antipsychotic","chlorpromazine","clozapine","methylene blue","quinacrine","drug discrimination","stimulus generalization","Animal Studies","Behavior and Behavior Mechanisms","Experimental Analysis of Behavior"],"dc:title":["Discriminative Stimulus Effects of Putative Antipsychotic Drugs"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Psychological Science"],"thesis:degree_level":["Thesis"],"thesis:degree_name":["Master of Science"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-24T03:24:12Z"}