This research investigated how emotional images affects tactile saltation. More specifically, we combined visual faces with three different emotions: angry, sad and happy with a tactile illusion known as the cutaneous rabbit effect (CRE) that was delivered on participants’ shoulder at different durations. Because some of the faces were political figures, we assessed participant’s political affiliation using Political Typology Quiz. Participants rated their emotional response using the self-assessment manikin (SAM), a three dimensional scale that measures valence, arousal and dominance. For the valence dimension, our results indicate that participants found it less pleasant to see likeable faces sad than any other figure. Data also showed that it was the least pleasant for participants to see a hateful public face when they were angry. Political affiliation and the duration of the CRE both affected the arousal dimension suggesting that liberals seems more concerned by fictional and public figures than political ones while conservatives seems to be more affected by angry faces of political figures when the tactile duration is the longest. Finally, for the dominance dimension, it was found that likeable figures made participants feel more in control of the situation and that dislikeable figures made participants feel controlled.
","abstract_html":"<p>This research investigated how emotional images affects tactile saltation. More specifically, we combined visual faces with three different emotions: angry, sad and happy with a tactile illusion known as the cutaneous rabbit effect (CRE) that was delivered on participants’ shoulder at different durations. Because some of the faces were political figures, we assessed participant’s political affiliation using Political Typology Quiz. Participants rated their emotional response using the self-assessment manikin (SAM), a three dimensional scale that measures valence, arousal and dominance. For the valence dimension, our results indicate that participants found it less pleasant to see likeable faces sad than any other figure. Data also showed that it was the least pleasant for participants to see a hateful public face when they were angry. Political affiliation and the duration of the CRE both affected the arousal dimension suggesting that liberals seems more concerned by fictional and public figures than political ones while conservatives seems to be more affected by angry faces of political figures when the tactile duration is the longest. Finally, for the dominance dimension, it was found that likeable figures made participants feel more in control of the situation and that dislikeable figures made participants feel controlled.</p>","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Endres, Bartholomew"],"institution":null,"degree_name":"Master of Science","degree_level":"Thesis","degree_discipline":"Psychological Science","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Mounia Ziat"],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2018,"date_issued":"2018-06-01T07:00:00Z","date_published":"2018-06-01T07:00:00Z","updated_at":"2026-07-24T03:24:12Z","subjects":["Saltation","Self-assessment manikin","Tactile and emotion","cutaneous-rabbit effect","Other Psychology"],"languages":[],"rights":[],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"https://commons.nmu.edu/theses/548","outbound_label":"Repository record","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Mounia Ziat"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Endres, Bartholomew"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date.available","label":"Dc Date Available","values":["2019-03-14T07:00:00Z"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Psychological Science"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Thesis"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["Master of Science"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Saltation","Self-assessment manikin","Tactile and emotion","cutaneous-rabbit effect","Other Psychology"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["https://commons.nmu.edu/theses/548"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description.abstract","label":"Abstract","values":["This research investigated how emotional images affects tactile saltation. More specifically, we combined visual faces with three different emotions: angry, sad and happy with a tactile illusion known as the cutaneous rabbit effect (CRE) that was delivered on participants’ shoulder at different durations. Because some of the faces were political figures, we assessed participant’s political affiliation using Political Typology Quiz. Participants rated their emotional response using the self-assessment manikin (SAM), a three dimensional scale that measures valence, arousal and dominance. For the valence dimension, our results indicate that participants found it less pleasant to see likeable faces sad than any other figure. Data also showed that it was the least pleasant for participants to see a hateful public face when they were angry. Political affiliation and the duration of the CRE both affected the arousal dimension suggesting that liberals seems more concerned by fictional and public figures than political ones while conservatives seems to be more affected by angry faces of political figures when the tactile duration is the longest. Finally, for the dominance dimension, it was found that likeable figures made participants feel more in control of the situation and that dislikeable figures made participants feel controlled.
"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["ASSESSING THE EMOTIONAL DIMENSIONS OF THE CUTANEOUS-RABBIT EFFECT USING FACES"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor":["Mounia Ziat"],"dc:creator":["Endres, Bartholomew"],"dc:date.available":["2019-03-14T07:00:00Z"],"dc:description.abstract":["This research investigated how emotional images affects tactile saltation. More specifically, we combined visual faces with three different emotions: angry, sad and happy with a tactile illusion known as the cutaneous rabbit effect (CRE) that was delivered on participants’ shoulder at different durations. Because some of the faces were political figures, we assessed participant’s political affiliation using Political Typology Quiz. Participants rated their emotional response using the self-assessment manikin (SAM), a three dimensional scale that measures valence, arousal and dominance. For the valence dimension, our results indicate that participants found it less pleasant to see likeable faces sad than any other figure. Data also showed that it was the least pleasant for participants to see a hateful public face when they were angry. Political affiliation and the duration of the CRE both affected the arousal dimension suggesting that liberals seems more concerned by fictional and public figures than political ones while conservatives seems to be more affected by angry faces of political figures when the tactile duration is the longest. Finally, for the dominance dimension, it was found that likeable figures made participants feel more in control of the situation and that dislikeable figures made participants feel controlled.
"],"dc:identifier":["https://commons.nmu.edu/theses/548"],"dc:subject":["Saltation","Self-assessment manikin","Tactile and emotion","cutaneous-rabbit effect","Other Psychology"],"dc:title":["ASSESSING THE EMOTIONAL DIMENSIONS OF THE CUTANEOUS-RABBIT EFFECT USING FACES"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Psychological Science"],"thesis:degree_level":["Thesis"],"thesis:degree_name":["Master of Science"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-24T03:24:12Z"}