Epigenetics has been found to have an effect on many aspects of biology. Epigenetics refers to modifications of the double-stranded DNA molecule, which do not change the nucleotide sequence but do affect gene expression. DNA methylation is a type of epigenetic modification. Genomic imprinting is a pattern of gene expression that is primarily achieved through DNA methylation, and it results in the expression of only one allele at a particular locus. In this study, I analyzed the methylation patterns of five imprinted genes in the hybrids of two different lab strains of the house mouse subspecies, M. m. musculus and M. m. domesticus. To detect methylated DNA, bisulfite modification was performed on the genes of the hybrids and parental species. The genes I examined were Mcts2, Nap1l5, Peg10, Zac1, and Zim2. The results were compared between the parental and hybrid samples. Two of the hybrid samples yielded disruption in the methylation patterns within at least two genes. Each of the parental samples showed disruption in the methylation patterns. I next analyzed the expression levels of five imprinted genes. Quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) was performed on the genes of the hybrids and parental samples. The genes I examined were H19, Nap1l5, Igf2r, Mcts2, and Mest. Differences in the expression levels of each of these genes were observed within the parental and hybrid samples.
","abstract_html":"<p>Epigenetics has been found to have an effect on many aspects of biology. Epigenetics refers to modifications of the double-stranded DNA molecule, which do not change the nucleotide sequence but do affect gene expression. DNA methylation is a type of epigenetic modification. Genomic imprinting is a pattern of gene expression that is primarily achieved through DNA methylation, and it results in the expression of only one allele at a particular locus. In this study, I analyzed the methylation patterns of five imprinted genes in the hybrids of two different lab strains of the house mouse subspecies, <em>M. m. musculus</em> and <em>M. m. domesticus</em>. To detect methylated DNA, bisulfite modification was performed on the genes of the hybrids and parental species. The genes I examined were <em>Mcts2</em>, <em>Nap1l5</em>, <em>Peg10</em>, <em>Zac1</em>, and <em>Zim2</em>. The results were compared between the parental and hybrid samples. Two of the hybrid samples yielded disruption in the methylation patterns within at least two genes. Each of the parental samples showed disruption in the methylation patterns. I next analyzed the expression levels of five imprinted genes. Quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) was performed on the genes of the hybrids and parental samples. The genes I examined were <em>H19</em>, <em>Nap1l5</em>, <em>Igf2r</em>, <em>Mcts2</em>, and <em>Mest</em>. Differences in the expression levels of each of these genes were observed within the parental and hybrid samples.</p>","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Rice, Anna P."],"institution":null,"degree_name":"Master of Science","degree_level":"Thesis","degree_discipline":"Biology","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Dr. Katherine Teeter"],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2015,"date_issued":"2015-08-01T07:00:00Z","date_published":"2015-08-01T07:00:00Z","updated_at":"2026-07-24T03:23:34Z","subjects":["Epigenetics","House mouse","Hybrids","DNA Methylation","Genomic imprinting","Speciation","Biology","Genetics and Genomics"],"languages":[],"rights":[],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"https://commons.nmu.edu/theses/60","outbound_label":"Repository record","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Dr. Katherine Teeter"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Rice, Anna P."]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date.available","label":"Dc Date Available","values":["2015-07-30T07:00:00Z"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Biology"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Thesis"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["Master of Science"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Epigenetics","House mouse","Hybrids","DNA Methylation","Genomic imprinting","Speciation","Biology","Genetics and Genomics"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["https://commons.nmu.edu/theses/60"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description.abstract","label":"Abstract","values":["Epigenetics has been found to have an effect on many aspects of biology. Epigenetics refers to modifications of the double-stranded DNA molecule, which do not change the nucleotide sequence but do affect gene expression. DNA methylation is a type of epigenetic modification. Genomic imprinting is a pattern of gene expression that is primarily achieved through DNA methylation, and it results in the expression of only one allele at a particular locus. In this study, I analyzed the methylation patterns of five imprinted genes in the hybrids of two different lab strains of the house mouse subspecies, M. m. musculus and M. m. domesticus. To detect methylated DNA, bisulfite modification was performed on the genes of the hybrids and parental species. The genes I examined were Mcts2, Nap1l5, Peg10, Zac1, and Zim2. The results were compared between the parental and hybrid samples. Two of the hybrid samples yielded disruption in the methylation patterns within at least two genes. Each of the parental samples showed disruption in the methylation patterns. I next analyzed the expression levels of five imprinted genes. Quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) was performed on the genes of the hybrids and parental samples. The genes I examined were H19, Nap1l5, Igf2r, Mcts2, and Mest. Differences in the expression levels of each of these genes were observed within the parental and hybrid samples.
"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["AN ANALYSIS OF THE DIFFERENTIAL METHYLATION AND EXPRESSION OF IMPRINTED GENES IN M. M. MUSCULUS, M. M. DOMESTICUS, AND THEIR HYBRIDS"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor":["Dr. Katherine Teeter"],"dc:creator":["Rice, Anna P."],"dc:date.available":["2015-07-30T07:00:00Z"],"dc:description.abstract":["Epigenetics has been found to have an effect on many aspects of biology. Epigenetics refers to modifications of the double-stranded DNA molecule, which do not change the nucleotide sequence but do affect gene expression. DNA methylation is a type of epigenetic modification. Genomic imprinting is a pattern of gene expression that is primarily achieved through DNA methylation, and it results in the expression of only one allele at a particular locus. In this study, I analyzed the methylation patterns of five imprinted genes in the hybrids of two different lab strains of the house mouse subspecies, M. m. musculus and M. m. domesticus. To detect methylated DNA, bisulfite modification was performed on the genes of the hybrids and parental species. The genes I examined were Mcts2, Nap1l5, Peg10, Zac1, and Zim2. The results were compared between the parental and hybrid samples. Two of the hybrid samples yielded disruption in the methylation patterns within at least two genes. Each of the parental samples showed disruption in the methylation patterns. I next analyzed the expression levels of five imprinted genes. Quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) was performed on the genes of the hybrids and parental samples. The genes I examined were H19, Nap1l5, Igf2r, Mcts2, and Mest. Differences in the expression levels of each of these genes were observed within the parental and hybrid samples.
"],"dc:identifier":["https://commons.nmu.edu/theses/60"],"dc:subject":["Epigenetics","House mouse","Hybrids","DNA Methylation","Genomic imprinting","Speciation","Biology","Genetics and Genomics"],"dc:title":["AN ANALYSIS OF THE DIFFERENTIAL METHYLATION AND EXPRESSION OF IMPRINTED GENES IN M. M. MUSCULUS, M. M. DOMESTICUS, AND THEIR HYBRIDS"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Biology"],"thesis:degree_level":["Thesis"],"thesis:degree_name":["Master of Science"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-24T03:23:34Z"}