{"id":{"repo_id":"njit","oai_identifier":"oai:digitalcommons.njit.edu:dissertations-1936"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/njit/oai:digitalcommons.njit.edu:dissertations-1936","repository":{"repo_id":"njit","name":"NJIT","base_url":"https://digitalcommons.njit.edu/do/oai/"},"display":{"title":"Ionic liquids as additives for biodegradable polyactic acid","abstract":"In this study, two ionic liquids (IL) with different anions (decanoate, tetrafluoroborate) but with the same phosphonium based cation were evaluated as potential plasticizers and lubricants for polylactic acid (PLA) and also for their effects on its hydrolytic and thermal degradation. Both ILs at 5wt% were well dispersible and partly miscible with PLA as evidenced by scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive x-ray scattering, SEMIEDX, and glass transition temperature, T_g, characterization, as well as from solubility parameters calculations. The effects of the IL containing a decanoate anion were more pronounced on lubrication and degradation as evidenced by reduced melt viscosities and accelerated thermal/hydrolytic degradation; this IL could also considered as a more effective plasticizer based on T_g suppression results although the degree of plasticization could also be affected by the observed excessive molecular weight, MW, degradation during melt processing. The IL containing the tetrafluoroborate anion increased the thermal stability of PLA as also confirmed from rate constants calculated from random chain scission statistics and activation energies from thermogravimetric analysis, and accelerated its hydrolytic degradation, but to a lesser extent than the decanoate based IL. The catalytic role of the decanoate anion in hydrolytic degradation was confirmed through experiments with a model compound. Hydrolytic chain scission of ester bonds catalyzed by acid groups are the suggested mechanisms of hydrolytic degradation based on results of pH and acid number changes, although it appears that the presence of the phosphonium cation contributes also to accelerated degradation. Degradation results were confirmed by optical and SEM examination and experiments in \"as received\" and sterilized soil. The different surface characteristics of PLA/ILs were reflected in differences in coefficients of friction and contact angles. The tetrafluoroborate anion containing IL reduced the flexural modulus and strength of PLA, affecting much less its ductility than the decanoate anion containing IL.","abstract_html":"In this study, two ionic liquids (IL) with different anions (decanoate, tetrafluoroborate) but with the same phosphonium based cation were evaluated as potential plasticizers and lubricants for polylactic acid (PLA) and also for their effects on its hydrolytic and thermal degradation. Both ILs at 5wt% were well dispersible and partly miscible with PLA as evidenced by scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive x-ray scattering, SEMIEDX, and glass transition temperature, T_g, characterization, as well as from solubility parameters calculations. The effects of the IL containing a decanoate anion were more pronounced on lubrication and degradation as evidenced by reduced melt viscosities and accelerated thermal/hydrolytic degradation; this IL could also considered as a more effective plasticizer based on T_g suppression results although the degree of plasticization could also be affected by the observed excessive molecular weight, MW, degradation during melt processing. The IL containing the tetrafluoroborate anion increased the thermal stability of PLA as also confirmed from rate constants calculated from random chain scission statistics and activation energies from thermogravimetric analysis, and accelerated its hydrolytic degradation, but to a lesser extent than the decanoate based IL. The catalytic role of the decanoate anion in hydrolytic degradation was confirmed through experiments with a model compound. Hydrolytic chain scission of ester bonds catalyzed by acid groups are the suggested mechanisms of hydrolytic degradation based on results of pH and acid number changes, although it appears that the presence of the phosphonium cation contributes also to accelerated degradation. Degradation results were confirmed by optical and SEM examination and experiments in "as received" and sterilized soil. The different surface characteristics of PLA/ILs were reflected in differences in coefficients of friction and contact angles. The tetrafluoroborate anion containing IL reduced the flexural modulus and strength of PLA, affecting much less its ductility than the decanoate anion containing IL.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Park, Ku-Il"],"institution":null,"degree_name":"Doctor of Philosophy in Materials Science and Engineering - (Ph.D.)","degree_level":null,"degree_discipline":"Committee for the Interdisciplinary Program in Materials Science and Engineering","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Marino Xanthos","Marios Avgousti","Reginald Farrow"],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2008,"date_issued":"2008-08-31T07:00:00Z","date_published":"2008-08-31T07:00:00Z","updated_at":"2026-07-24T03:23:09Z","subjects":["Polyactic acid","Additive","Ionic liquid","Polymer","Biodegradable","Materials Science and Engineering"],"languages":[],"rights":[],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"https://digitalcommons.njit.edu/dissertations/881","outbound_label":"Repository record","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Marino Xanthos","Marios Avgousti","Reginald Farrow"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Park, Ku-Il"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["Dissertation"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Committee for the Interdisciplinary Program in Materials Science and Engineering"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["Doctor of Philosophy in Materials Science and Engineering - (Ph.D.)"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Polyactic acid","Additive","Ionic liquid","Polymer","Biodegradable","Materials Science and Engineering"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["https://digitalcommons.njit.edu/dissertations/881"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description.abstract","label":"Abstract","values":["In this study, two ionic liquids (IL) with different anions (decanoate, tetrafluoroborate) but with the same phosphonium based cation were evaluated as potential plasticizers and lubricants for polylactic acid (PLA) and also for their effects on its hydrolytic and thermal degradation. Both ILs at 5wt% were well dispersible and partly miscible with PLA as evidenced by scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive x-ray scattering, SEMIEDX, and glass transition temperature, T_g, characterization, as well as from solubility parameters calculations. The effects of the IL containing a decanoate anion were more pronounced on lubrication and degradation as evidenced by reduced melt viscosities and accelerated thermal/hydrolytic degradation; this IL could also considered as a more effective plasticizer based on T_g suppression results although the degree of plasticization could also be affected by the observed excessive molecular weight, MW, degradation during melt processing. The IL containing the tetrafluoroborate anion increased the thermal stability of PLA as also confirmed from rate constants calculated from random chain scission statistics and activation energies from thermogravimetric analysis, and accelerated its hydrolytic degradation, but to a lesser extent than the decanoate based IL. The catalytic role of the decanoate anion in hydrolytic degradation was confirmed through experiments with a model compound. Hydrolytic chain scission of ester bonds catalyzed by acid groups are the suggested mechanisms of hydrolytic degradation based on results of pH and acid number changes, although it appears that the presence of the phosphonium cation contributes also to accelerated degradation. Degradation results were confirmed by optical and SEM examination and experiments in \"as received\" and sterilized soil. The different surface characteristics of PLA/ILs were reflected in differences in coefficients of friction and contact angles. The tetrafluoroborate anion containing IL reduced the flexural modulus and strength of PLA, affecting much less its ductility than the decanoate anion containing IL."]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Ionic liquids as additives for biodegradable polyactic acid"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor":["Marino Xanthos","Marios Avgousti","Reginald Farrow"],"dc:creator":["Park, Ku-Il"],"dc:description.abstract":["In this study, two ionic liquids (IL) with different anions (decanoate, tetrafluoroborate) but with the same phosphonium based cation were evaluated as potential plasticizers and lubricants for polylactic acid (PLA) and also for their effects on its hydrolytic and thermal degradation. Both ILs at 5wt% were well dispersible and partly miscible with PLA as evidenced by scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive x-ray scattering, SEMIEDX, and glass transition temperature, T_g, characterization, as well as from solubility parameters calculations. The effects of the IL containing a decanoate anion were more pronounced on lubrication and degradation as evidenced by reduced melt viscosities and accelerated thermal/hydrolytic degradation; this IL could also considered as a more effective plasticizer based on T_g suppression results although the degree of plasticization could also be affected by the observed excessive molecular weight, MW, degradation during melt processing. The IL containing the tetrafluoroborate anion increased the thermal stability of PLA as also confirmed from rate constants calculated from random chain scission statistics and activation energies from thermogravimetric analysis, and accelerated its hydrolytic degradation, but to a lesser extent than the decanoate based IL. The catalytic role of the decanoate anion in hydrolytic degradation was confirmed through experiments with a model compound. Hydrolytic chain scission of ester bonds catalyzed by acid groups are the suggested mechanisms of hydrolytic degradation based on results of pH and acid number changes, although it appears that the presence of the phosphonium cation contributes also to accelerated degradation. Degradation results were confirmed by optical and SEM examination and experiments in \"as received\" and sterilized soil. The different surface characteristics of PLA/ILs were reflected in differences in coefficients of friction and contact angles. The tetrafluoroborate anion containing IL reduced the flexural modulus and strength of PLA, affecting much less its ductility than the decanoate anion containing IL."],"dc:identifier":["https://digitalcommons.njit.edu/dissertations/881"],"dc:subject":["Polyactic acid","Additive","Ionic liquid","Polymer","Biodegradable","Materials Science and Engineering"],"dc:title":["Ionic liquids as additives for biodegradable polyactic acid"],"dc:type":["Dissertation"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Committee for the Interdisciplinary Program in Materials Science and Engineering"],"thesis:degree_name":["Doctor of Philosophy in Materials Science and Engineering - (Ph.D.)"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-24T03:23:09Z"}