An Assessment of Youth Perceptions of Youth Employment Initiatives and Attachment to Community as Determinants of Migration Decisions Among the Youth in Keta Municipality of Ghana
Youth migration from rural to urban areas in Ghana, particularly to cities like Accra, Tema, Kumasi, and Takoradi continues to rise, despite ongoing efforts to improve youth employability and reduce urban influx. This study examined the extent to which youth attachment to community and participation in employment initiatives predict migration intentions. Guided by the network, sense of community, neoclassical, and empowerment theories, the research employed a mixed-method correlational design. Data was collected from 249 participants, including 109 youth employment initiative participants, 126 non-participants, and 10 agency staff through surveys, as well as interviews with 4 heads of agencies. Quantitative data was analyzed using SPSS 24, and qualitative data was analyzed using QDA Miner. Findings revealed that (1) attachment to community significantly predicts migration intentions, particularly among local youth; (2) individuals with higher education levels were less likely to participate in employment programs and more likely to migrate; (3) Accra and Kumasi accounted for nearly half of all preferred migration destinations; and (4) perceived lack of employment opportunities, economic instability, and limited financial prospects within the municipality were primary drivers of migration. A migration prediction model was developed based on the findings. Recommendations include creating targeted employment opportunities, fostering community pride and connection among youth, and enhancing inter-agency collaboration to reduce resource duplication and promote program effectiveness.
youth migration, perceptions, employment initiatives, migration decisions, community attachment, Ghana, migration prediction model, Keta, Community Psychology, Development Studies, Growth and Development, Labor Economics, Social Psychology
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