This study explored feelings of cultural homelessness, self-esteem, and skin color satisfaction among Latinxs. A close interest was placed in examining responses of participants who identified as racially Black or Afro-Latinx. Through an electronic survey, the study aimed to answer the four research questions: (1) Is there a correlation between cultural homelessness, self-esteem, and skin color satisfaction; (2) Do participants of different self-perceived skin colors differ in self-esteem, cultural homelessness, and skin color satisfaction; (3) Does age moderate the relationship between self-perceived skin color and self-esteem; and (4) Does age moderate the relationship between self-perceived skin color and cultural homelessness. Through a qualitative lens, the study was also interested in attitudes and preferences related to participants’ race, ethnicity, and self-perceived skin color. In the final sample of 654, analyses revealed: (1) a statistically significant relationship among the primary variables; (2) a statistically significant difference among the three skin colors for skin color satisfaction; and (3) participants who reported having self-perceived dark skin color endorsed higher rates of skin color satisfaction compared to those with self-perceived light and medium skin color. These results may imply that (1) group-belonging, psychological well-being, and self-perception are intertwined experiences that should be taken into consideration, particularly in the Latinx collectivistic culture; (2) that Black Latinxs consistently endorse terms that acknowledge their African heritage, such as Afro-Latinx; and (3) individuals of darker skin have the ability to establish and maintain a positive sense of self even when faced with social factors, such as colorism and racism.
","abstract_html":"<p>This study explored feelings of cultural homelessness, self-esteem, and skin color satisfaction among Latinxs. A close interest was placed in examining responses of participants who identified as racially Black or Afro-Latinx. Through an electronic survey, the study aimed to answer the four research questions: (1) Is there a correlation between cultural homelessness, self-esteem, and skin color satisfaction; (2) Do participants of different self-perceived skin colors differ in self-esteem, cultural homelessness, and skin color satisfaction; (3) Does age moderate the relationship between self-perceived skin color and self-esteem; and (4) Does age moderate the relationship between self-perceived skin color and cultural homelessness. Through a qualitative lens, the study was also interested in attitudes and preferences related to participants’ race, ethnicity, and self-perceived skin color. In the final sample of 654, analyses revealed: (1) a statistically significant relationship among the primary variables; (2) a statistically significant difference among the three skin colors for skin color satisfaction; and (3) participants who reported having self-perceived dark skin color endorsed higher rates of skin color satisfaction compared to those with self-perceived light and medium skin color. These results may imply that (1) group-belonging, psychological well-being, and self-perception are intertwined experiences that should be taken into consideration, particularly in the Latinx collectivistic culture; (2) that Black Latinxs consistently endorse terms that acknowledge their African heritage, such as Afro-Latinx; and (3) individuals of darker skin have the ability to establish and maintain a positive sense of self even when faced with social factors, such as colorism and racism.<strong></strong></p>","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Almanzar, Josephine M"],"institution":null,"degree_name":"Psy.D. Doctor of Clinical Psychology","degree_level":"Dissertation - Public Access","degree_discipline":"Clinical Psychology","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Patricia S. Dixon, Psy.D.","Lisa Costas, Ph.D.","Elizabeth Lane, Ph.D."],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2020,"date_issued":"2020-07-01T07:00:00Z","date_published":"2020-07-01T07:00:00Z","updated_at":"2026-07-24T03:21:28Z","subjects":["skin color","African Diaspora","Latino or Hispanic","ethnicity and race","group belonging","racial identity development","Clinical Psychology","Community Psychology","Counseling Psychology","Multicultural Psychology","Other Psychology","Personality and Social Contexts","Race and Ethnicity","Social Psychology","Social Psychology and Interaction","Sociology of Culture"],"languages":[],"rights":[],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"https://digitalcommons.nl.edu/diss/477","outbound_label":"Repository record","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Patricia S. Dixon, Psy.D.","Lisa Costas, Ph.D.","Elizabeth Lane, Ph.D."]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Almanzar, Josephine M"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date.available","label":"Dc Date Available","values":["2020-07-02T07:00:00Z"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Clinical Psychology"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Dissertation - Public Access"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["Psy.D. Doctor of Clinical Psychology"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["skin color","African Diaspora","Latino or Hispanic","ethnicity and race","group belonging","racial identity development","Clinical Psychology","Community Psychology","Counseling Psychology","Multicultural Psychology","Other Psychology","Personality and Social Contexts","Race and Ethnicity","Social Psychology","Social Psychology and Interaction","Sociology of Culture"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["https://digitalcommons.nl.edu/diss/477"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description.abstract","label":"Abstract","values":["This study explored feelings of cultural homelessness, self-esteem, and skin color satisfaction among Latinxs. A close interest was placed in examining responses of participants who identified as racially Black or Afro-Latinx. Through an electronic survey, the study aimed to answer the four research questions: (1) Is there a correlation between cultural homelessness, self-esteem, and skin color satisfaction; (2) Do participants of different self-perceived skin colors differ in self-esteem, cultural homelessness, and skin color satisfaction; (3) Does age moderate the relationship between self-perceived skin color and self-esteem; and (4) Does age moderate the relationship between self-perceived skin color and cultural homelessness. Through a qualitative lens, the study was also interested in attitudes and preferences related to participants’ race, ethnicity, and self-perceived skin color. In the final sample of 654, analyses revealed: (1) a statistically significant relationship among the primary variables; (2) a statistically significant difference among the three skin colors for skin color satisfaction; and (3) participants who reported having self-perceived dark skin color endorsed higher rates of skin color satisfaction compared to those with self-perceived light and medium skin color. These results may imply that (1) group-belonging, psychological well-being, and self-perception are intertwined experiences that should be taken into consideration, particularly in the Latinx collectivistic culture; (2) that Black Latinxs consistently endorse terms that acknowledge their African heritage, such as Afro-Latinx; and (3) individuals of darker skin have the ability to establish and maintain a positive sense of self even when faced with social factors, such as colorism and racism.
"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Cultural Homelessness, Self-Esteem, and Skin Color Satisfaction Among Latinxs"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor":["Patricia S. Dixon, Psy.D.","Lisa Costas, Ph.D.","Elizabeth Lane, Ph.D."],"dc:creator":["Almanzar, Josephine M"],"dc:date.available":["2020-07-02T07:00:00Z"],"dc:description.abstract":["This study explored feelings of cultural homelessness, self-esteem, and skin color satisfaction among Latinxs. A close interest was placed in examining responses of participants who identified as racially Black or Afro-Latinx. Through an electronic survey, the study aimed to answer the four research questions: (1) Is there a correlation between cultural homelessness, self-esteem, and skin color satisfaction; (2) Do participants of different self-perceived skin colors differ in self-esteem, cultural homelessness, and skin color satisfaction; (3) Does age moderate the relationship between self-perceived skin color and self-esteem; and (4) Does age moderate the relationship between self-perceived skin color and cultural homelessness. Through a qualitative lens, the study was also interested in attitudes and preferences related to participants’ race, ethnicity, and self-perceived skin color. In the final sample of 654, analyses revealed: (1) a statistically significant relationship among the primary variables; (2) a statistically significant difference among the three skin colors for skin color satisfaction; and (3) participants who reported having self-perceived dark skin color endorsed higher rates of skin color satisfaction compared to those with self-perceived light and medium skin color. These results may imply that (1) group-belonging, psychological well-being, and self-perception are intertwined experiences that should be taken into consideration, particularly in the Latinx collectivistic culture; (2) that Black Latinxs consistently endorse terms that acknowledge their African heritage, such as Afro-Latinx; and (3) individuals of darker skin have the ability to establish and maintain a positive sense of self even when faced with social factors, such as colorism and racism.
"],"dc:identifier":["https://digitalcommons.nl.edu/diss/477"],"dc:subject":["skin color","African Diaspora","Latino or Hispanic","ethnicity and race","group belonging","racial identity development","Clinical Psychology","Community Psychology","Counseling Psychology","Multicultural Psychology","Other Psychology","Personality and Social Contexts","Race and Ethnicity","Social Psychology","Social Psychology and Interaction","Sociology of Culture"],"dc:title":["Cultural Homelessness, Self-Esteem, and Skin Color Satisfaction Among Latinxs"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Clinical Psychology"],"thesis:degree_level":["Dissertation - Public Access"],"thesis:degree_name":["Psy.D. Doctor of Clinical Psychology"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-24T03:21:28Z"}