For more than 40 years government funding for community non-profit organizations has grown more than in previous decades. This dramatic increase has led to a proliferation of organizations that claim the status of community-based organizations. Community-based Organizations (CBOs) have become the service delivery providers of communities, particularly underrepresented communities. There has been very little research within the community psychology and other literature exploring if CBOs represent the interest of communities.
As funding entities have lately increased their interest in community representation, there has not been a corresponding research base to identify levels of community engagement. This study attempted to address this lack of community engagement literature by developing a tool to measure how all staff within an organization perceive the organization's engagement of the surrounding geographic community. The Perceived Community Engagement Survey (PCES) was developed based on the principles of CBPR within a CBO/community relationship frame. The study explored the reliability and validity of the scale through a principle components analysis, reliability analysis, linear regressions, and examinations of convergent and discriminant validity. The results indicate that the PCES has two components that measure levels of community engagement, that it is a reliable scale, and shows convergent and discriminant validity with 4 relevant items from a Moos organizational climate measure and items assessing staff beliefs in the value and impact of community engagement. The practical use of the scale for more authentic community engagement by CBOs is discussed.
","abstract_html":"<p>For more than 40 years government funding for community non-profit organizations has grown more than in previous decades. This dramatic increase has led to a proliferation of organizations that claim the status of community-based organizations. Community-based Organizations (CBOs) have become the service delivery providers of communities, particularly underrepresented communities. There has been very little research within the community psychology and other literature exploring if CBOs represent the interest of communities.</p> <p>As funding entities have lately increased their interest in community representation, there has not been a corresponding research base to identify levels of community engagement. This study attempted to address this lack of community engagement literature by developing a tool to measure how all staff within an organization perceive the organization's engagement of the surrounding geographic community. The Perceived Community Engagement Survey (PCES) was developed based on the principles of CBPR within a CBO/community relationship frame. The study explored the reliability and validity of the scale through a principle components analysis, reliability analysis, linear regressions, and examinations of convergent and discriminant validity. The results indicate that the PCES has two components that measure levels of community engagement, that it is a reliable scale, and shows convergent and discriminant validity with 4 relevant items from a Moos organizational climate measure and items assessing staff beliefs in the value and impact of community engagement. The practical use of the scale for more authentic community engagement by CBOs is discussed.</p>","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Rivera, Rafael"],"institution":null,"degree_name":"Ph.D. Doctor of Philosophy","degree_level":"Thesis- Public Access","degree_discipline":"Community Psychology","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Bradley Olson, PhD","Judah Viola, PhD","Tiffeny Jimenez, PhD"],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2016,"date_issued":"2016-02-01T08:00:00Z","date_published":"2016-02-01T08:00:00Z","updated_at":"2026-07-24T03:20:25Z","subjects":["Community-based Organization","Community Engagement","Community Involvement","Community Integration","Non-profit","Community Psychology"],"languages":[],"rights":[],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"https://digitalcommons.nl.edu/diss/152","outbound_label":"Repository record","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Bradley Olson, PhD","Judah Viola, PhD","Tiffeny Jimenez, PhD"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Rivera, Rafael"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date.available","label":"Dc Date Available","values":["2016-05-01T07:00:00Z"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Community Psychology"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Thesis- Public Access"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["Ph.D. Doctor of Philosophy"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Community-based Organization","Community Engagement","Community Involvement","Community Integration","Non-profit","Community Psychology"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["https://digitalcommons.nl.edu/diss/152"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description.abstract","label":"Abstract","values":["For more than 40 years government funding for community non-profit organizations has grown more than in previous decades. This dramatic increase has led to a proliferation of organizations that claim the status of community-based organizations. Community-based Organizations (CBOs) have become the service delivery providers of communities, particularly underrepresented communities. There has been very little research within the community psychology and other literature exploring if CBOs represent the interest of communities.
As funding entities have lately increased their interest in community representation, there has not been a corresponding research base to identify levels of community engagement. This study attempted to address this lack of community engagement literature by developing a tool to measure how all staff within an organization perceive the organization's engagement of the surrounding geographic community. The Perceived Community Engagement Survey (PCES) was developed based on the principles of CBPR within a CBO/community relationship frame. The study explored the reliability and validity of the scale through a principle components analysis, reliability analysis, linear regressions, and examinations of convergent and discriminant validity. The results indicate that the PCES has two components that measure levels of community engagement, that it is a reliable scale, and shows convergent and discriminant validity with 4 relevant items from a Moos organizational climate measure and items assessing staff beliefs in the value and impact of community engagement. The practical use of the scale for more authentic community engagement by CBOs is discussed.
"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["The Perceived Community Engagement Survey: Structure, Reliability, and Validity of a Community-based Organization Measure of Engagement with the Broader Community"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor":["Bradley Olson, PhD","Judah Viola, PhD","Tiffeny Jimenez, PhD"],"dc:creator":["Rivera, Rafael"],"dc:date.available":["2016-05-01T07:00:00Z"],"dc:description.abstract":["For more than 40 years government funding for community non-profit organizations has grown more than in previous decades. This dramatic increase has led to a proliferation of organizations that claim the status of community-based organizations. Community-based Organizations (CBOs) have become the service delivery providers of communities, particularly underrepresented communities. There has been very little research within the community psychology and other literature exploring if CBOs represent the interest of communities.
As funding entities have lately increased their interest in community representation, there has not been a corresponding research base to identify levels of community engagement. This study attempted to address this lack of community engagement literature by developing a tool to measure how all staff within an organization perceive the organization's engagement of the surrounding geographic community. The Perceived Community Engagement Survey (PCES) was developed based on the principles of CBPR within a CBO/community relationship frame. The study explored the reliability and validity of the scale through a principle components analysis, reliability analysis, linear regressions, and examinations of convergent and discriminant validity. The results indicate that the PCES has two components that measure levels of community engagement, that it is a reliable scale, and shows convergent and discriminant validity with 4 relevant items from a Moos organizational climate measure and items assessing staff beliefs in the value and impact of community engagement. The practical use of the scale for more authentic community engagement by CBOs is discussed.
"],"dc:identifier":["https://digitalcommons.nl.edu/diss/152"],"dc:subject":["Community-based Organization","Community Engagement","Community Involvement","Community Integration","Non-profit","Community Psychology"],"dc:title":["The Perceived Community Engagement Survey: Structure, Reliability, and Validity of a Community-based Organization Measure of Engagement with the Broader Community"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Community Psychology"],"thesis:degree_level":["Thesis- Public Access"],"thesis:degree_name":["Ph.D. Doctor of Philosophy"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-24T03:20:25Z"}