\"In the existing literature, merchants' trading actions are usually assumed not to affect market prices; however, a large-scale energy storage merchant’s actions can affect market prices. This work examined two electricity merchant scenarios: one with only energy storage and the other with both energy storage and renewable power plants. We approximated market impact via a linear function of the electricity traded by the merchant. This study began by applying dynamic programming to the optimal economic dispatch policy of electricity merchants and it considered the market impact, physical characteristics of storage systems, and the uncertainty of renewable energy sources. Then, this study evaluated the effect of the self-consumption demand on the co-optimization scheduling of prosumers with both energy storage and distributed renewable energy sources. Furthermore, this work investigated how the production tax credits (PTC) impacted merchants' co-optimization scheduling policy under two common PTC subsidy policies.
Finally, the time-coupling constraints require market participants to make decisions in advance based on forecasted electricity prices. However, independent system operators (ISOs) have the most comprehensive and detailed information regarding market operations, so they are more likely to generate more accurate pricing estimates than individual merchants. Therefore, this study analyzed whether allowing the ISO to schedule the generators and energy storage could bring economic benefits to the social-welfare maximizing ISO and the profit-maximizing electricity merchant or generators. This study found that if the ISO sends the cleared prices to the electricity merchant, a merchant will arrive at the same optimal scheduling decisions as those from the perspective of the ISO\"--Abstract, p. iii
","abstract_html":"<p>"In the existing literature, merchants' trading actions are usually assumed not to affect market prices; however, a large-scale energy storage merchant’s actions can affect market prices. This work examined two electricity merchant scenarios: one with only energy storage and the other with both energy storage and renewable power plants. We approximated market impact via a linear function of the electricity traded by the merchant. This study began by applying dynamic programming to the optimal economic dispatch policy of electricity merchants and it considered the market impact, physical characteristics of storage systems, and the uncertainty of renewable energy sources. Then, this study evaluated the effect of the self-consumption demand on the co-optimization scheduling of prosumers with both energy storage and distributed renewable energy sources. Furthermore, this work investigated how the production tax credits (PTC) impacted merchants' co-optimization scheduling policy under two common PTC subsidy policies.</p> <p>Finally, the time-coupling constraints require market participants to make decisions in advance based on forecasted electricity prices. However, independent system operators (ISOs) have the most comprehensive and detailed information regarding market operations, so they are more likely to generate more accurate pricing estimates than individual merchants. Therefore, this study analyzed whether allowing the ISO to schedule the generators and energy storage could bring economic benefits to the social-welfare maximizing ISO and the profit-maximizing electricity merchant or generators. This study found that if the ISO sends the cleared prices to the electricity merchant, a merchant will arrive at the same optimal scheduling decisions as those from the perspective of the ISO"--Abstract, p. iii</p>","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Liu, Jian"],"institution":"Missouri University of Science and Technology","degree_name":"Ph. D. in Electrical Engineering","degree_level":null,"degree_discipline":null,"degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":[],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":null,"date_issued":"","date_published":null,"updated_at":"2026-07-24T03:18:18Z","subjects":["Electrical and Computer Engineering","Engineering"],"languages":[],"rights":[],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"https://scholarsmine.mst.edu/doctoral_dissertations/3244","outbound_label":"Repository record","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Liu, Jian"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["Dissertation - Open Access"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["Ph. D. in Electrical Engineering"]},{"key":"thesis:institution_name","label":"Thesis Institution Name","values":["Missouri University of Science and Technology"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Electrical and Computer Engineering","Engineering"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["https://scholarsmine.mst.edu/doctoral_dissertations/3244"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description.abstract","label":"Abstract","values":["\"In the existing literature, merchants' trading actions are usually assumed not to affect market prices; however, a large-scale energy storage merchant’s actions can affect market prices. This work examined two electricity merchant scenarios: one with only energy storage and the other with both energy storage and renewable power plants. We approximated market impact via a linear function of the electricity traded by the merchant. This study began by applying dynamic programming to the optimal economic dispatch policy of electricity merchants and it considered the market impact, physical characteristics of storage systems, and the uncertainty of renewable energy sources. Then, this study evaluated the effect of the self-consumption demand on the co-optimization scheduling of prosumers with both energy storage and distributed renewable energy sources. Furthermore, this work investigated how the production tax credits (PTC) impacted merchants' co-optimization scheduling policy under two common PTC subsidy policies.
Finally, the time-coupling constraints require market participants to make decisions in advance based on forecasted electricity prices. However, independent system operators (ISOs) have the most comprehensive and detailed information regarding market operations, so they are more likely to generate more accurate pricing estimates than individual merchants. Therefore, this study analyzed whether allowing the ISO to schedule the generators and energy storage could bring economic benefits to the social-welfare maximizing ISO and the profit-maximizing electricity merchant or generators. This study found that if the ISO sends the cleared prices to the electricity merchant, a merchant will arrive at the same optimal scheduling decisions as those from the perspective of the ISO\"--Abstract, p. iii
"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["OPTIMIZATION OF ENERGY STORAGE SCHEDULING IN ELECTRICITY MARKETS"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:creator":["Liu, Jian"],"dc:description.abstract":["\"In the existing literature, merchants' trading actions are usually assumed not to affect market prices; however, a large-scale energy storage merchant’s actions can affect market prices. This work examined two electricity merchant scenarios: one with only energy storage and the other with both energy storage and renewable power plants. We approximated market impact via a linear function of the electricity traded by the merchant. This study began by applying dynamic programming to the optimal economic dispatch policy of electricity merchants and it considered the market impact, physical characteristics of storage systems, and the uncertainty of renewable energy sources. Then, this study evaluated the effect of the self-consumption demand on the co-optimization scheduling of prosumers with both energy storage and distributed renewable energy sources. Furthermore, this work investigated how the production tax credits (PTC) impacted merchants' co-optimization scheduling policy under two common PTC subsidy policies.
Finally, the time-coupling constraints require market participants to make decisions in advance based on forecasted electricity prices. However, independent system operators (ISOs) have the most comprehensive and detailed information regarding market operations, so they are more likely to generate more accurate pricing estimates than individual merchants. Therefore, this study analyzed whether allowing the ISO to schedule the generators and energy storage could bring economic benefits to the social-welfare maximizing ISO and the profit-maximizing electricity merchant or generators. This study found that if the ISO sends the cleared prices to the electricity merchant, a merchant will arrive at the same optimal scheduling decisions as those from the perspective of the ISO\"--Abstract, p. iii
"],"dc:identifier":["https://scholarsmine.mst.edu/doctoral_dissertations/3244"],"dc:subject":["Electrical and Computer Engineering","Engineering"],"dc:title":["OPTIMIZATION OF ENERGY STORAGE SCHEDULING IN ELECTRICITY MARKETS"],"dc:type":["Dissertation - Open Access"],"thesis:degree_name":["Ph. D. in Electrical Engineering"],"thesis:institution_name":["Missouri University of Science and Technology"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-24T03:18:18Z"}