“The enhancement of thermal conductivity and local heat transfer coefficient, under laminar and turbulent flow regimes, of water-based spherical Al2O3, CuO, and Fe2O3 nanofluids have been experimentally investigated for the improvement of the thermal desalination processes using a newly developed sophisticated noninvasive heat transfer coefficient probe that is flush mounted on the inner wall surface of the test section. The nanoparticles have been selected because of their superior thermal conductivity and low cost, as well as the magnetic characteristic of Fe2O3 nanoparticle since a magnet can collect it and reuse. Also, Fe2O3 nanoparticles with saline water representing seawater has been investigated for the first time for improvement of evaporation and heat transfer characteristics to enhance the performance of multi stage flash (MSF) units in thermal desalination process. The thermal conductivity and local heat transfer coefficient increased with the increase of the volume fraction and temperature of the nanofluids also with decreasing the nanoparticle size. Also, the results show that the material from which the particle is produced is a key factor in determining the nanofluids thermal conductivity and local heat transfer coefficient. Regarding the application of nanofluids with saline water as a base fluid, stable saline water nanofluid showed lower boiling temperatures and fast boiling. This would preheat the cooling seawater quickly and at low temperatures before reaching the brine heater in real MSF process. The improvement of local heat transfer obtained represents the first step to estimate the water production increase amount by using saline water nanofluid”--Abstract, page iv.
","abstract_html":"<p>“The enhancement of thermal conductivity and local heat transfer coefficient, under laminar and turbulent flow regimes, of water-based spherical Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, CuO, and Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> nanofluids have been experimentally investigated for the improvement of the thermal desalination processes using a newly developed sophisticated noninvasive heat transfer coefficient probe that is flush mounted on the inner wall surface of the test section. The nanoparticles have been selected because of their superior thermal conductivity and low cost, as well as the magnetic characteristic of Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> nanoparticle since a magnet can collect it and reuse. Also, Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> nanoparticles with saline water representing seawater has been investigated for the first time for improvement of evaporation and heat transfer characteristics to enhance the performance of multi stage flash (MSF) units in thermal desalination process. The thermal conductivity and local heat transfer coefficient increased with the increase of the volume fraction and temperature of the nanofluids also with decreasing the nanoparticle size. Also, the results show that the material from which the particle is produced is a key factor in determining the nanofluids thermal conductivity and local heat transfer coefficient. Regarding the application of nanofluids with saline water as a base fluid, stable saline water nanofluid showed lower boiling temperatures and fast boiling. This would preheat the cooling seawater quickly and at low temperatures before reaching the brine heater in real MSF process. The improvement of local heat transfer obtained represents the first step to estimate the water production increase amount by using saline water nanofluid”--Abstract, page iv.</p>","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Zouli, Nasser"],"institution":"Missouri University of Science and Technology","degree_name":"Ph. D. in Chemical Engineering","degree_level":null,"degree_discipline":null,"degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":[],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":null,"date_issued":"","date_published":null,"updated_at":"2026-07-24T03:18:09Z","subjects":["Heat transfer coefficient","Thermal boundary layer film thickness","Nanoparticles","Nusselt number","Thermal conductivity","Thermal desalination","Chemical Engineering"],"languages":[],"rights":[],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"https://scholarsmine.mst.edu/doctoral_dissertations/3120","outbound_label":"Repository record","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Zouli, Nasser"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["Dissertation - Open Access"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["Ph. D. in Chemical Engineering"]},{"key":"thesis:institution_name","label":"Thesis Institution Name","values":["Missouri University of Science and Technology"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Heat transfer coefficient","Thermal boundary layer film thickness","Nanoparticles","Nusselt number","Thermal conductivity","Thermal desalination","Chemical Engineering"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["https://scholarsmine.mst.edu/doctoral_dissertations/3120"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description.abstract","label":"Abstract","values":["“The enhancement of thermal conductivity and local heat transfer coefficient, under laminar and turbulent flow regimes, of water-based spherical Al2O3, CuO, and Fe2O3 nanofluids have been experimentally investigated for the improvement of the thermal desalination processes using a newly developed sophisticated noninvasive heat transfer coefficient probe that is flush mounted on the inner wall surface of the test section. The nanoparticles have been selected because of their superior thermal conductivity and low cost, as well as the magnetic characteristic of Fe2O3 nanoparticle since a magnet can collect it and reuse. Also, Fe2O3 nanoparticles with saline water representing seawater has been investigated for the first time for improvement of evaporation and heat transfer characteristics to enhance the performance of multi stage flash (MSF) units in thermal desalination process. The thermal conductivity and local heat transfer coefficient increased with the increase of the volume fraction and temperature of the nanofluids also with decreasing the nanoparticle size. Also, the results show that the material from which the particle is produced is a key factor in determining the nanofluids thermal conductivity and local heat transfer coefficient. Regarding the application of nanofluids with saline water as a base fluid, stable saline water nanofluid showed lower boiling temperatures and fast boiling. This would preheat the cooling seawater quickly and at low temperatures before reaching the brine heater in real MSF process. The improvement of local heat transfer obtained represents the first step to estimate the water production increase amount by using saline water nanofluid”--Abstract, page iv.
"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Enhancement of heat transfer coefficient using nanofluids for multi-stage flash desalination (MSF) plant"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:creator":["Zouli, Nasser"],"dc:description.abstract":["“The enhancement of thermal conductivity and local heat transfer coefficient, under laminar and turbulent flow regimes, of water-based spherical Al2O3, CuO, and Fe2O3 nanofluids have been experimentally investigated for the improvement of the thermal desalination processes using a newly developed sophisticated noninvasive heat transfer coefficient probe that is flush mounted on the inner wall surface of the test section. The nanoparticles have been selected because of their superior thermal conductivity and low cost, as well as the magnetic characteristic of Fe2O3 nanoparticle since a magnet can collect it and reuse. Also, Fe2O3 nanoparticles with saline water representing seawater has been investigated for the first time for improvement of evaporation and heat transfer characteristics to enhance the performance of multi stage flash (MSF) units in thermal desalination process. The thermal conductivity and local heat transfer coefficient increased with the increase of the volume fraction and temperature of the nanofluids also with decreasing the nanoparticle size. Also, the results show that the material from which the particle is produced is a key factor in determining the nanofluids thermal conductivity and local heat transfer coefficient. Regarding the application of nanofluids with saline water as a base fluid, stable saline water nanofluid showed lower boiling temperatures and fast boiling. This would preheat the cooling seawater quickly and at low temperatures before reaching the brine heater in real MSF process. The improvement of local heat transfer obtained represents the first step to estimate the water production increase amount by using saline water nanofluid”--Abstract, page iv.
"],"dc:identifier":["https://scholarsmine.mst.edu/doctoral_dissertations/3120"],"dc:subject":["Heat transfer coefficient","Thermal boundary layer film thickness","Nanoparticles","Nusselt number","Thermal conductivity","Thermal desalination","Chemical Engineering"],"dc:title":["Enhancement of heat transfer coefficient using nanofluids for multi-stage flash desalination (MSF) plant"],"dc:type":["Dissertation - Open Access"],"thesis:degree_name":["Ph. D. in Chemical Engineering"],"thesis:institution_name":["Missouri University of Science and Technology"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-24T03:18:09Z"}