{"id":{"repo_id":"msu","oai_identifier":"oai:d.lib.msu.edu:etd_106"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/msu/oai:d.lib.msu.edu:etd_106","repository":{"repo_id":"msu","name":"Michigan State University","base_url":"https://d.lib.msu.edu/oai"},"display":{"title":"Michigan Black farm owners perceptions about farm ownership credit acquisition : a critical race analysis","abstract":"This qualitative study served to gather the perceptions of selected Black farm owners in Michigan about the meaning of their farm ownership, credit acquisition experiences, and recommendations to improve the process. Through a critical race methodology of 11 semi-structured interviews, key findings indicate the preference of non-government loans, private lending difficulty, and lack of outreach. Key recommendation findings include promoting fairness among all farm loan applicants and better education. A thematic grounded analysis of the findings using a Critical Race Theory (CRT) framework suggests a history of mistrust with the Farm Service Agency (FSA) impacts farm loan preference for these Black farm owners. FSA may not be \"the lender of last resort\" for these farmers due to historical discriminatory lending and lack of access to pertinent information that often doesn't reach small, Black farmers. Race, farm size, and farm type presents an intersectional barrier that needs to be considered in the construction of farm loan policy.","abstract_html":"This qualitative study served to gather the perceptions of selected Black farm owners in Michigan about the meaning of their farm ownership, credit acquisition experiences, and recommendations to improve the process. Through a critical race methodology of 11 semi-structured interviews, key findings indicate the preference of non-government loans, private lending difficulty, and lack of outreach. Key recommendation findings include promoting fairness among all farm loan applicants and better education. A thematic grounded analysis of the findings using a Critical Race Theory (CRT) framework suggests a history of mistrust with the Farm Service Agency (FSA) impacts farm loan preference for these Black farm owners. FSA may not be "the lender of last resort" for these farmers due to historical discriminatory lending and lack of access to pertinent information that often doesn't reach small, Black farmers. Race, farm size, and farm type presents an intersectional barrier that needs to be considered in the construction of farm loan policy.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Tyler, Shakara"],"institution":null,"degree_name":null,"degree_level":null,"degree_discipline":null,"degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Moore, Eddie A.","Rosenbaum, Rene","Rivers, Louie"],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2013,"date_issued":"2013","date_published":"2013","updated_at":"2026-07-24T03:16:56Z","subjects":["United States. Farm Service Agency","Race discrimination--Economic aspects","Farm ownership","Agricultural credit","African American farmers--Economic conditions","African American farmers"],"languages":["English"],"rights":["In Copyright"],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["etd:106","isbn:9781303315848","isbn:130331584X","oclc:931742936","umi:1543757","local:Tyler_grad.msu_0128N_12262"],"render_values":[{"text":"etd:106","href":null,"code":true},{"text":"isbn:9781303315848","href":null,"code":true},{"text":"isbn:130331584X","href":null,"code":true},{"text":"oclc:931742936","href":null,"code":true},{"text":"umi:1543757","href":null,"code":true},{"text":"local:Tyler_grad.msu_0128N_12262","href":null,"code":true}]}]},"links":{"outbound_url":"https://doi.org/doi:10.25335/fj8y-zx36","outbound_label":"DOI","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Moore, Eddie A.","Rosenbaum, Rene","Rivers, Louie"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Tyler, Shakara"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:coverage","label":"Dc Coverage","values":["Michigan"]},{"key":"dc:date","label":"Dc Date","values":["2013"]},{"key":"dc:relation","label":"Dc Relation","values":["Electronic Theses & Dissertations"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["Text","Theses"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["United States. Farm Service Agency","Race discrimination--Economic aspects","Farm ownership","Agricultural credit","African American farmers--Economic conditions","African American farmers"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language","label":"Dc Language","values":["English"]},{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["In Copyright"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["etd:106","isbn:9781303315848","isbn:130331584X","oclc:931742936","umi:1543757","local:Tyler_grad.msu_0128N_12262","https://doi.org/doi:10.25335/fj8y-zx36"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description","label":"Description","values":["This qualitative study served to gather the perceptions of selected Black farm owners in Michigan about the meaning of their farm ownership, credit acquisition experiences, and recommendations to improve the process. Through a critical race methodology of 11 semi-structured interviews, key findings indicate the preference of non-government loans, private lending difficulty, and lack of outreach. Key recommendation findings include promoting fairness among all farm loan applicants and better education. A thematic grounded analysis of the findings using a Critical Race Theory (CRT) framework suggests a history of mistrust with the Farm Service Agency (FSA) impacts farm loan preference for these Black farm owners. FSA may not be \"the lender of last resort\" for these farmers due to historical discriminatory lending and lack of access to pertinent information that often doesn't reach small, Black farmers. Race, farm size, and farm type presents an intersectional barrier that needs to be considered in the construction of farm loan policy.","Thesis (M.S.)--Michigan State University. Community, Agriculture, Recreation and Resource Studies, 2013","Includes bibliographical references (pages 56-59)"]},{"key":"dc:format","label":"Dc Format","values":["x, 59 pages","application/pdf"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Michigan Black farm owners perceptions about farm ownership credit acquisition : a critical race analysis"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor":["Moore, Eddie A.","Rosenbaum, Rene","Rivers, Louie"],"dc:coverage":["Michigan"],"dc:creator":["Tyler, Shakara"],"dc:date":["2013"],"dc:description":["This qualitative study served to gather the perceptions of selected Black farm owners in Michigan about the meaning of their farm ownership, credit acquisition experiences, and recommendations to improve the process. Through a critical race methodology of 11 semi-structured interviews, key findings indicate the preference of non-government loans, private lending difficulty, and lack of outreach. Key recommendation findings include promoting fairness among all farm loan applicants and better education. A thematic grounded analysis of the findings using a Critical Race Theory (CRT) framework suggests a history of mistrust with the Farm Service Agency (FSA) impacts farm loan preference for these Black farm owners. FSA may not be \"the lender of last resort\" for these farmers due to historical discriminatory lending and lack of access to pertinent information that often doesn't reach small, Black farmers. Race, farm size, and farm type presents an intersectional barrier that needs to be considered in the construction of farm loan policy.","Thesis (M.S.)--Michigan State University. Community, Agriculture, Recreation and Resource Studies, 2013","Includes bibliographical references (pages 56-59)"],"dc:format":["x, 59 pages","application/pdf"],"dc:identifier":["etd:106","isbn:9781303315848","isbn:130331584X","oclc:931742936","umi:1543757","local:Tyler_grad.msu_0128N_12262","https://doi.org/doi:10.25335/fj8y-zx36"],"dc:language":["English"],"dc:relation":["Electronic Theses & Dissertations"],"dc:rights":["In Copyright"],"dc:subject":["United States. Farm Service Agency","Race discrimination--Economic aspects","Farm ownership","Agricultural credit","African American farmers--Economic conditions","African American farmers"],"dc:title":["Michigan Black farm owners perceptions about farm ownership credit acquisition : a critical race analysis"],"dc:type":["Text","Theses"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-24T03:16:56Z"}