Enhancement of recollection of affective events: contrast effects or differential processing?
Recent findings from cognitive, neuroimaging and neuropsychological studies suggests that there appear to be two processes underlying recognition and these are commonly referred to as recollection and familiarity (Yonelinas, 2002). Two experiments examined how these two underlying processes of recognition may be differentially influenced by the affect of an event. The Remember/Know procedure (Tulving, 1985) and the dual process recognition model of Yonelinas, Kroll, Dobins, Lazzara, and Knight (1998) were used. The purpose of Experiment 1 was to replicate Ochsner's (2000) findings that affect increased the distinctiveness by which an event was encoded and this resulted in affective events being better recollected in comparison to neutral events. The purpose of Experiment 2 was to examine the possibility that the results of the first experiment may have been due to contrast effects. This refers to affective and neutral photos being presented within the same list, which resulted in the affective photos being rendered more distinctive at the time of encoding relative to the neutral photos. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
Rappel (Psychologie), Reconnaissance (Psychologie), Affectivité
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