Solar thermal collector system modeling and testing for novel solar cooker

Solar cookers are aimed at reducing pollution and desertification in the developing world. However, they are often disregarded as they do not give users the ability to cook after daylight hours. The Wilson solar cooker is a solar cooker designed to address this problem by converting solar energy and storing that energy as heat in the form of molten salt (lithium nitrate). This thesis involved research, modeling, and experimentation for the solar collection system of the cooker. This thesis looked at prior research on glazing, Fresnel lenses, and absorber surface treatments to identify and evaluate elements for use in the collection system. Borosilicate glass, with a thermal conductivity of 1.005 W/mK and a solar transmittance of 0.91, and flat black paint, with absorptivity 0.96 and emissivity 0.88 were identified as potential elements for use in first trials. Experimentation was performed on copper and aluminum samples with various surface treatments powered by various Fresnel lenses to evaluate the relative efficiency of these treatments. A novel treatment method, machining a conical hole into the sample, was found to improve efficiency on untreated samples, but inferior to flat black paint. Modeling predicted that the minimum collection area for an acrylic Fresnel lens off-number 1.2 was 0.60 m² for and 0.65 m² for the proposed collector without and with glazing, respectively. A recommendation of collection area 1 m² was proposed to account for unexpected losses due to manufacturing errors, positioning errors, and environmental variation. This thesis also analyzed a proposal for a novel solar collector, a polished aluminum cone. Modeling and efficiency testing showed the cone to be inadequate for the radiation collection needed for the solar cooker.

Department dc:contributor.department

Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Mechanical Engineering.

Grantor dc:publisher

Massachusetts Institute of Technology

Year dc:date.issued

2014

Author dc:creator

• Foley, Brian, S.B. (Brian M.). Massachusetts Institute of Technology

Advisor dc:contributor.advisor

• David Gordon Wilson.

• Mechanical Engineering.

Statement dc:rights

• M.I.T. theses are protected by copyright. They may be viewed from this source for any purpose, but reproduction or distribution in any format is prohibited without written permission. See provided URL for inquiries about permission.

Licence dc:rights.uri

• http://dspace.mit.edu/handle/1721.1/7582

Language dc:language.iso

eng

Handle dc:identifier.uri

http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/92179

OAI identifier oai:identifier

oai:dspace.mit.edu:1721.1/92179