Essays on international economics and labor markets

This thesis consists of three separate essays related to international economics and labor markets. The first essay, with Francisco Gallego, looks at sudden stops, a main feature of developing countries in the last decades, and their effects on these countries. Using sector-level data on job flows for four Latin American countries, we find that sudden stops are associated with lower job creation and increased job destruction. Sectoral effects are related to financial indicators: sectors with higher dependence on external financing experience lower creation and sectors with high indicators of liquidity needs experience larger destruction. These results provide evidence of financial conditions being an important transmission channel of sudden stops within a country. The second essay, with Patricia Cortés, studies whether low-skilled immigration has led high-skilled American women to change their time use decisions. We find evidence that low-skilled immigration has increased hours worked by women with a graduate degree, especially those with a professional degree or a PhD and those with children. Our estimates suggest that the low-skilled immigration flow of the 1990s increased by 7 and 33 minutes a week the average time of market work of women with a Master's and a professional degree or a PhD, respectively. Low-skilled immigration increases the fraction of high-skilled women working more than 50 (and 60) hours a week, but decreases their labor force participation. Consistently, for these women, a decrease in the time spent in household work and an increase in reported expenditures on housekeeping services. Low-skilled immigration does not affect other education groups, except for a negative effect on labor supply.

Department dc:contributor.department

Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Dept. of Economics.

Grantor dc:publisher

Massachusetts Institute of Technology

Year dc:date.issued

2008

Author dc:creator

• Tessada, José

Advisor dc:contributor.advisor

• George-Marios Angeletos, Oliver Blanchard and Francesco Giavazzi.

• Economics.

Statement dc:rights

• M.I.T. theses are protected by copyright. They may be viewed from this source for any purpose, but reproduction or distribution in any format is prohibited without written permission. See provided URL for inquiries about permission.

Licence dc:rights.uri

• http://dspace.mit.edu/handle/1721.1/7582

Language dc:language.iso

eng

Handle dc:identifier.uri

http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/43784

OAI identifier oai:identifier

oai:dspace.mit.edu:1721.1/43784