Solid-state cavity quantum electrodynamics with spin ensembles

Quantum sensors have the potential to operate at fundamental physical performance limits. Among various quantum sensing platforms, solid-state spin emitters stand out due to advantageous characteristics such as room-temperature spin polarization and readout, atomic-scale spatial resolution, and extended coherence times. Despite these strengths, traditional optical detection methods exhibit low readout fidelity in solid-state ensembles, severely limiting their achievable sensitivity. This thesis addresses this limitation by coupling a solid-state emitter ensemble to a microwave cavity, forming a cavity quantum electrodynamics system. Our approach eliminates the need for photon collection required by conventional optical readout methods, and the resulting strongly coupled system allows efficient cavity-based probing of the solid-state spin ensemble. By exploiting the hybrid quantum system with cavity quantum electrodynamics, we achieve record-high sensitivity for solid-state quantum sensors, representing a substantial advancement toward achieving fundamental sensing limits.

Name thesis:degree_name

Doctoral

Department dc:contributor.department

Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science

Grantor dc:publisher

Massachusetts Institute of Technology

Year dc:date.issued

2025

Author dc:creator

• Wang, Hanfeng

Advisor dc:contributor.advisor

• Englund, Dirk

Statement dc:rights

• In Copyright - Educational Use Permitted
• Copyright retained by author(s)

Licence dc:rights.uri

• https://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-EDU/1.0/

Handle dc:identifier.uri

https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/164164

OAI identifier oai:identifier

oai:dspace.mit.edu:1721.1/164164