{"id":{"repo_id":"mit","oai_identifier":"oai:dspace.mit.edu:1721.1/143262"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/mit/oai:dspace.mit.edu:1721.1/143262","repository":{"repo_id":"mit","name":"MIT","base_url":"https://dspace.mit.edu/oai/request"},"display":{"title":"Signal Processing Techniques Applied to Biomedical Diagnostics","abstract":"An effective way to combat cancer and infectious disease in resource-poor settings is to implement rapid and accurate diagnostic tests that can be administered at the point of care (POC). Developing such miniaturized, portable, and low-cost systems requires innovative approaches in both assay and device design. In this thesis, we construct a novel phase-sensitive \"lock-in\" amplifier (LIA) based on the Fast Walsh-Hadamard Transform (FWHT), and evaluate its ability to boost the signal-to-noise ratio of optical fluorescence signals. The LIA is designed to be resilient in challenging environments containing high/unpredictable ambient noise. We then develop two rapid diagnostic systems that pair this technology with isothermal CRISPR-Cas12a-based DNA/RNA amplification to detect clinically relevant targets with high specificity. Finally, we evaluate the clinical performance of our systems in detecting target genes for (1) SARS-CoV-2, the virus responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic, and (2) Human Papilloma Virus (HPV), the causal agent of cervical cancer.","abstract_html":"An effective way to combat cancer and infectious disease in resource-poor settings is to implement rapid and accurate diagnostic tests that can be administered at the point of care (POC). Developing such miniaturized, portable, and low-cost systems requires innovative approaches in both assay and device design. In this thesis, we construct a novel phase-sensitive "lock-in" amplifier (LIA) based on the Fast Walsh-Hadamard Transform (FWHT), and evaluate its ability to boost the signal-to-noise ratio of optical fluorescence signals. The LIA is designed to be resilient in challenging environments containing high/unpredictable ambient noise. We then develop two rapid diagnostic systems that pair this technology with isothermal CRISPR-Cas12a-based DNA/RNA amplification to detect clinically relevant targets with high specificity. Finally, we evaluate the clinical performance of our systems in detecting target genes for (1) SARS-CoV-2, the virus responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic, and (2) Human Papilloma Virus (HPV), the causal agent of cervical cancer.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Degani, Ismail"],"institution":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","degree_name":"Doctoral","degree_level":null,"degree_discipline":null,"degree_department":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology. 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Developing such miniaturized, portable, and low-cost systems requires innovative approaches in both assay and device design. In this thesis, we construct a novel phase-sensitive \"lock-in\" amplifier (LIA) based on the Fast Walsh-Hadamard Transform (FWHT), and evaluate its ability to boost the signal-to-noise ratio of optical fluorescence signals. The LIA is designed to be resilient in challenging environments containing high/unpredictable ambient noise. We then develop two rapid diagnostic systems that pair this technology with isothermal CRISPR-Cas12a-based DNA/RNA amplification to detect clinically relevant targets with high specificity. Finally, we evaluate the clinical performance of our systems in detecting target genes for (1) SARS-CoV-2, the virus responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic, and (2) Human Papilloma Virus (HPV), the causal agent of cervical cancer."]},{"key":"dc:description.degree","label":"Dc Description Degree","values":["Ph.D."]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Signal Processing Techniques Applied to Biomedical Diagnostics"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor.advisor":["Lee, Hakho"],"dc:contributor.department":["Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science"],"dc:creator":["Degani, Ismail"],"dc:date.accessioned":["2022-06-15T13:08:04Z"],"dc:date.available":["2022-06-15T13:08:04Z"],"dc:date.issued":["2022-02"],"dc:description.abstract":["An effective way to combat cancer and infectious disease in resource-poor settings is to implement rapid and accurate diagnostic tests that can be administered at the point of care (POC). Developing such miniaturized, portable, and low-cost systems requires innovative approaches in both assay and device design. In this thesis, we construct a novel phase-sensitive \"lock-in\" amplifier (LIA) based on the Fast Walsh-Hadamard Transform (FWHT), and evaluate its ability to boost the signal-to-noise ratio of optical fluorescence signals. The LIA is designed to be resilient in challenging environments containing high/unpredictable ambient noise. We then develop two rapid diagnostic systems that pair this technology with isothermal CRISPR-Cas12a-based DNA/RNA amplification to detect clinically relevant targets with high specificity. Finally, we evaluate the clinical performance of our systems in detecting target genes for (1) SARS-CoV-2, the virus responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic, and (2) Human Papilloma Virus (HPV), the causal agent of cervical cancer."],"dc:description.degree":["Ph.D."],"dc:identifier.uri":["https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/143262"],"dc:publisher":["Massachusetts Institute of Technology"],"dc:rights":["In Copyright - Educational Use Permitted","Copyright MIT"],"dc:rights.uri":["http://rightsstatements.org/page/InC-EDU/1.0/"],"dc:title":["Signal Processing Techniques Applied to Biomedical Diagnostics"],"dc:type":["Thesis"],"thesis:degree_name":["Doctoral","Doctor of Philosophy"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-22T22:21:09Z"}