{"id":{"repo_id":"missouri","oai_identifier":"oai:mospace.umsystem.edu:10355/6864"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/missouri/oai:mospace.umsystem.edu:10355/6864","repository":{"repo_id":"missouri","name":"University of Missouri","base_url":"https://mospace.umsystem.edu/oai/request"},"display":{"title":"The type I IFN of Bos taurus","abstract":"The Type I interferons (IFN) have major roles in the innate immune response to viruses, a function that is believed to have led to rapid expansion in the number and complexity of their genes. IFNT, which is a unique Type I IFN restricted to pecoran ruminants, also has a specialized role in maternal recognition of pregnancy in cattle. This work has two main aims 1) determine whether male and female blastocysts differ in the kind and number of IFNT they express and whether this pattern changes over development and 2) provide the first comprehensive annotation of the Type I IFN locus in Bos taurus, thereby providing an insight into the functional evolution of the Type IFN in ruminants. Data collected for the first aim indicate that female blastocysts do not transcribe a different set of IFNTs than males (p=0.54). However, significant differences (p < 0.001) were evident among conceptuses of different age, indicating that additional genes may be transcribed as IFNT production increases during development. The data collected for the second aim revealed the Type I IFN locus has undergone significant rearrangement and expansion in bovine compared to mouse and human. The IFNW subfamily is greatly expanded compared to other species, comprising 24 potentially functional genes. Selective pressure analysis found the regulatory regions of the IFNW are diverging faster than the coding regions. The identification of a new Type I IFN subfamily that is expressed from virally challenged bovine kidney cells is the most striking finding of the second aim.","abstract_html":"The Type I interferons (IFN) have major roles in the innate immune response to viruses, a function that is believed to have led to rapid expansion in the number and complexity of their genes. IFNT, which is a unique Type I IFN restricted to pecoran ruminants, also has a specialized role in maternal recognition of pregnancy in cattle. This work has two main aims 1) determine whether male and female blastocysts differ in the kind and number of IFNT they express and whether this pattern changes over development and 2) provide the first comprehensive annotation of the Type I IFN locus in Bos taurus, thereby providing an insight into the functional evolution of the Type IFN in ruminants. Data collected for the first aim indicate that female blastocysts do not transcribe a different set of IFNTs than males (p=0.54). However, significant differences (p &lt; 0.001) were evident among conceptuses of different age, indicating that additional genes may be transcribed as IFNT production increases during development. The data collected for the second aim revealed the Type I IFN locus has undergone significant rearrangement and expansion in bovine compared to mouse and human. The IFNW subfamily is greatly expanded compared to other species, comprising 24 potentially functional genes. Selective pressure analysis found the regulatory regions of the IFNW are diverging faster than the coding regions. The identification of a new Type I IFN subfamily that is expressed from virally challenged bovine kidney cells is the most striking finding of the second aim.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Walker, Angela Marie, 1978-"],"institution":"University of Missouri--Columbia","degree_name":"Ph. D.","degree_level":"Doctoral","degree_discipline":"Veterinary pathobiology (MU)","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":[],"advisors":["Roberts, R. M. (Robert Michael), 1940-"],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2008,"date_issued":"2008","date_published":"2008","updated_at":"2026-07-24T03:08:32Z","subjects":[],"languages":["eng","English"],"rights":["OpenAccess."],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier.doi","label":"DOI","values":["https://doi.org/10.32469/10355/6864"],"render_values":[{"text":"https://doi.org/10.32469/10355/6864","href":"https://doi.org/10.32469/10355/6864","code":true}]}]},"links":{"outbound_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/10355/6864","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier.uri"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor.advisor","label":"Advisor","values":["Roberts, R. M. (Robert Michael), 1940-"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Walker, Angela Marie, 1978-"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date.accessioned","label":"Dc Date Accessioned","values":["2010-04-19T14:39:19Z"]},{"key":"dc:date.available","label":"Dc Date Available","values":["2010-04-19T14:39:19Z"]},{"key":"dc:date.issued","label":"Date","values":["2008"]},{"key":"dc:publisher","label":"Institution","values":["University of Missouri--Columbia"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["Thesis"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Veterinary pathobiology (MU)"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Doctoral"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["Ph. D."]},{"key":"thesis:institution_name","label":"Thesis Institution Name","values":["University of Missouri--Columbia"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language","label":"Dc Language","values":["English"]},{"key":"dc:language.iso","label":"Language (ISO)","values":["eng"]},{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["OpenAccess."]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier.doi","label":"DOI","values":["https://doi.org/10.32469/10355/6864"]},{"key":"dc:identifier.uri","label":"Identifier URI","values":["https://hdl.handle.net/10355/6864"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description","label":"Description","values":["The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file.","Title from PDF of title page (University of Missouri--Columbia, viewed on April 1, 2010).","Vita.","Thesis advisor: R. Michaels Roberts.","\"May 2008\"","Ph. D. University of Missouri-Columbia 2008."]},{"key":"dc:description.abstract","label":"Abstract","values":["The Type I interferons (IFN) have major roles in the innate immune response to viruses, a function that is believed to have led to rapid expansion in the number and complexity of their genes. IFNT, which is a unique Type I IFN restricted to pecoran ruminants, also has a specialized role in maternal recognition of pregnancy in cattle. This work has two main aims 1) determine whether male and female blastocysts differ in the kind and number of IFNT they express and whether this pattern changes over development and 2) provide the first comprehensive annotation of the Type I IFN locus in Bos taurus, thereby providing an insight into the functional evolution of the Type IFN in ruminants. Data collected for the first aim indicate that female blastocysts do not transcribe a different set of IFNTs than males (p=0.54). However, significant differences (p < 0.001) were evident among conceptuses of different age, indicating that additional genes may be transcribed as IFNT production increases during development. The data collected for the second aim revealed the Type I IFN locus has undergone significant rearrangement and expansion in bovine compared to mouse and human. The IFNW subfamily is greatly expanded compared to other species, comprising 24 potentially functional genes. Selective pressure analysis found the regulatory regions of the IFNW are diverging faster than the coding regions. The identification of a new Type I IFN subfamily that is expressed from virally challenged bovine kidney cells is the most striking finding of the second aim."]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["The type I IFN of Bos taurus"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor.advisor":["Roberts, R. M. (Robert Michael), 1940-"],"dc:creator":["Walker, Angela Marie, 1978-"],"dc:date.accessioned":["2010-04-19T14:39:19Z"],"dc:date.available":["2010-04-19T14:39:19Z"],"dc:date.issued":["2008"],"dc:description":["The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file.","Title from PDF of title page (University of Missouri--Columbia, viewed on April 1, 2010).","Vita.","Thesis advisor: R. Michaels Roberts.","\"May 2008\"","Ph. D. University of Missouri-Columbia 2008."],"dc:description.abstract":["The Type I interferons (IFN) have major roles in the innate immune response to viruses, a function that is believed to have led to rapid expansion in the number and complexity of their genes. IFNT, which is a unique Type I IFN restricted to pecoran ruminants, also has a specialized role in maternal recognition of pregnancy in cattle. This work has two main aims 1) determine whether male and female blastocysts differ in the kind and number of IFNT they express and whether this pattern changes over development and 2) provide the first comprehensive annotation of the Type I IFN locus in Bos taurus, thereby providing an insight into the functional evolution of the Type IFN in ruminants. Data collected for the first aim indicate that female blastocysts do not transcribe a different set of IFNTs than males (p=0.54). However, significant differences (p < 0.001) were evident among conceptuses of different age, indicating that additional genes may be transcribed as IFNT production increases during development. The data collected for the second aim revealed the Type I IFN locus has undergone significant rearrangement and expansion in bovine compared to mouse and human. The IFNW subfamily is greatly expanded compared to other species, comprising 24 potentially functional genes. Selective pressure analysis found the regulatory regions of the IFNW are diverging faster than the coding regions. The identification of a new Type I IFN subfamily that is expressed from virally challenged bovine kidney cells is the most striking finding of the second aim."],"dc:identifier.doi":["https://doi.org/10.32469/10355/6864"],"dc:identifier.uri":["https://hdl.handle.net/10355/6864"],"dc:language":["English"],"dc:language.iso":["eng"],"dc:publisher":["University of Missouri--Columbia"],"dc:rights":["OpenAccess."],"dc:title":["The type I IFN of Bos taurus"],"dc:type":["Thesis"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Veterinary pathobiology (MU)"],"thesis:degree_level":["Doctoral"],"thesis:degree_name":["Ph. D."],"thesis:institution_name":["University of Missouri--Columbia"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-24T03:08:32Z"}