Understanding the effects of maternal undernutrition in early gestation on placental development in late gestation
type: CreativeWork
description: Chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease and diabetes are on the rise among the U.S. population. Heart Disease is the leading cause of death in the US and is responsible 610,000 deaths per year. A suite of risk factors for cardiovascular disease and diabetes – obesity, elevated blood sugar,hypertension, excess cholesterol, and elevated triglycerides, referred to asMetabolic Syndrome, contributes to an increased risk of mortality. These too areincreasingly prevalent. For example, according to the CDC, in 2011 more than 35% of the U.S. population was obese, with a financial burden of US $147 billion annually. Though improper diet, lack of exercise and socioeconomic status areassociated with these adult diseases, inadequate maternal nutrition just prior toor during pregnancy is also a risk factor. The goal of my research is to identifythe critical time point by which maternal under-nutrition (MUN) during earlygestation permanently alters placental development, the mechanism by whichthis occurs, and whether leptin acts as a mediator.The relationship between the maternal environment and long-term healthof offspring is referred to as the developmental origins of health and disease (DOHaD), or sometimes fetal programming. MUN during pregnancy may affectdeveloping organs to alter the phenotypic outcome of the offspring to promoteadult disease. The timing of the insult is also critical. During the periconceptionalperiod and early gestation, there are major developmental processes such asembryonic organogenesis, and placenta formation. There are also two rounds of DNA methylation reprogramming that occur. I investigated the effects of maternalunder-nutrition from three weeks prior to gestation to d 11.5 (mid gestation inmice). I found that maternal periconceptional food restriction until mid- gestationaffected formation of blood spaces within the labyrinthine placenta near term, ascompared to those from control-fed dams. There was also a three-fold decreasein mRNA enco…
abstract: Chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease and diabetes are on the rise among the U.S. population. Heart Disease is the leading cause of death in the US and is responsible 610,000 deaths per year. A suite of risk factors for cardiovascular disease and diabetes – obesity, elevated blood sugar,hypertension, excess cholesterol, and elevated triglycerides, referred to asMetabolic Syndrome, contributes to an increased risk of mortality. These too areincreasingly prevalent. For example, according to the CDC, in 2011 more than 35% of the U.S. population was obese, with a financial burden of US $147 billion annually. Though improper diet, lack of exercise and socioeconomic status areassociated with these adult diseases, inadequate maternal nutrition just prior toor during pregnancy is also a risk factor. The goal of my research is to identifythe critical time point by which maternal under-nutrition (MUN) during earlygestation permanently alters placental development, the mechanism by whichthis occurs, and whether leptin acts as a mediator.The relationship between the maternal environment and long-term healthof offspring is referred to as the developmental origins of health and disease (DOHaD), or sometimes fetal programming. MUN during pregnancy may affectdeveloping organs to alter the phenotypic outcome of the offspring to promoteadult disease. The timing of the insult is also critical. During the periconceptionalperiod and early gestation, there are major developmental processes such asembryonic organogenesis, and placenta formation. There are also two rounds of DNA methylation reprogramming that occur. I investigated the effects of maternalunder-nutrition from three weeks prior to gestation to d 11.5 (mid gestation inmice). I found that maternal periconceptional food restriction until mid- gestationaffected formation of blood spaces within the labyrinthine placenta near term, ascompared to those from control-fed dams. There was also a three-fold decreasein mRNA enco…
author: Van Gronigen Case, Gerialisa Allison Marcella
language: eng
language: English
date published: 2018
date modified: 2026-07-24T03:07:13Z
provider: University of Missouri
publisher: Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations
type: WebPage
source organization: University of Missouri--Columbia

PropertyValue
property ID: Handle
value: https://hdl.handle.net/10355/67713

PropertyValue
property ID: DOI
value: 10.32469/10355/67713