{"id":{"repo_id":"missouri","oai_identifier":"oai:mospace.umsystem.edu:10355/45776"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/missouri/oai:mospace.umsystem.edu:10355/45776","repository":{"repo_id":"missouri","name":"University of Missouri","base_url":"https://mospace.umsystem.edu/oai/request"},"display":{"title":"Protein Biomarkers of Ionizing Radiation and Standardization by MALDI MS/MS and Quantification","abstract":"The overall objective of this work was to look for proteins that are up- or down-regulated following exposure to whole-body ionizing radiation (IR). The objective is to use these proteins as potential biomarkers of exposure to ionizing radiation of 2 Gy or greater which is the tolerance level for radiation sickness. Once these protein biomarkers are obtained, their antibody could be put inside a self-administered oral test strip, called a lateral flow device, to triage victims of a radiological dispersal device or nuclear detonation. Mice were radiated with 2 Gy, 4 Gy and 7 Gy and sacrificed at 1 hour, 24 hours and 72 hours. Also, mice were injected with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) endotoxin (10 ?g) to induce an inflammatory response to see if this response affects the up- or down-regulated proteins. The LPS injected mice were sacrificed at 1 hour, 24 hours and 72 hours. The tongue was chosen for this work because it is a radiosensitive tissue. The final set of experiments was the generation of controlled bovine carbonic anhydrase (BCA) spike samples to demonstrate BCA identification and quantitation. Two-dimensional (2D) gel electrophoresis was used to separate the proteins extracted from the tongue samples and MALDI TOF-TOF analysis used to identify the proteins. Absorption measurements of the 2D gel was used to quantify the proteins. IR induced up-regulated or down-regulated proteins found only in the samples exposed to radiation were troponin I, skeletal, fast 2 (up-regulated), aconitate hydratase, mitochondrial precursor (down-regulated), alpha-actinin-2 (down-regulated), pyruvate kinase isozymes M1/M2 (down-regulated) and ATP synthase subunit beta, mitochondrial precursor (down-regulated).","abstract_html":"The overall objective of this work was to look for proteins that are up- or down-regulated following exposure to whole-body ionizing radiation (IR). The objective is to use these proteins as potential biomarkers of exposure to ionizing radiation of 2 Gy or greater which is the tolerance level for radiation sickness. Once these protein biomarkers are obtained, their antibody could be put inside a self-administered oral test strip, called a lateral flow device, to triage victims of a radiological dispersal device or nuclear detonation. Mice were radiated with 2 Gy, 4 Gy and 7 Gy and sacrificed at 1 hour, 24 hours and 72 hours. Also, mice were injected with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) endotoxin (10 ?g) to induce an inflammatory response to see if this response affects the up- or down-regulated proteins. The LPS injected mice were sacrificed at 1 hour, 24 hours and 72 hours. The tongue was chosen for this work because it is a radiosensitive tissue. The final set of experiments was the generation of controlled bovine carbonic anhydrase (BCA) spike samples to demonstrate BCA identification and quantitation. Two-dimensional (2D) gel electrophoresis was used to separate the proteins extracted from the tongue samples and MALDI TOF-TOF analysis used to identify the proteins. Absorption measurements of the 2D gel was used to quantify the proteins. IR induced up-regulated or down-regulated proteins found only in the samples exposed to radiation were troponin I, skeletal, fast 2 (up-regulated), aconitate hydratase, mitochondrial precursor (down-regulated), alpha-actinin-2 (down-regulated), pyruvate kinase isozymes M1/M2 (down-regulated) and ATP synthase subunit beta, mitochondrial precursor (down-regulated).","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Remsen, Tiffany D."],"institution":"University of Missouri--Columbia","degree_name":"Ph. D.","degree_level":"Doctoral","degree_discipline":"Chemistry (MU)","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":[],"advisors":["Robertson, John David, 1960-"],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2014,"date_issued":"2014","date_published":"2014","updated_at":"2026-07-24T03:07:01Z","subjects":[],"languages":["eng","English"],"rights":["OpenAccess."],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/10355/45776","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier.uri"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor.advisor","label":"Advisor","values":["Robertson, John David, 1960-"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Remsen, Tiffany D."]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date.accessioned","label":"Dc Date Accessioned","values":["2015-06-01T18:50:24Z"]},{"key":"dc:date.available","label":"Dc Date Available","values":["2015-06-01T18:50:24Z"]},{"key":"dc:date.issued","label":"Date","values":["2014"]},{"key":"dc:publisher","label":"Institution","values":["University of Missouri--Columbia"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["Thesis"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Chemistry (MU)"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Doctoral"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["Ph. 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Once these protein biomarkers are obtained, their antibody could be put inside a self-administered oral test strip, called a lateral flow device, to triage victims of a radiological dispersal device or nuclear detonation. Mice were radiated with 2 Gy, 4 Gy and 7 Gy and sacrificed at 1 hour, 24 hours and 72 hours. Also, mice were injected with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) endotoxin (10 ?g) to induce an inflammatory response to see if this response affects the up- or down-regulated proteins. The LPS injected mice were sacrificed at 1 hour, 24 hours and 72 hours. The tongue was chosen for this work because it is a radiosensitive tissue. The final set of experiments was the generation of controlled bovine carbonic anhydrase (BCA) spike samples to demonstrate BCA identification and quantitation. Two-dimensional (2D) gel electrophoresis was used to separate the proteins extracted from the tongue samples and MALDI TOF-TOF analysis used to identify the proteins. Absorption measurements of the 2D gel was used to quantify the proteins. IR induced up-regulated or down-regulated proteins found only in the samples exposed to radiation were troponin I, skeletal, fast 2 (up-regulated), aconitate hydratase, mitochondrial precursor (down-regulated), alpha-actinin-2 (down-regulated), pyruvate kinase isozymes M1/M2 (down-regulated) and ATP synthase subunit beta, mitochondrial precursor (down-regulated)."]},{"key":"dc:source","label":"Dc Source","values":["Submitted by the University of Missouri--Columbia Graduate School"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Protein Biomarkers of Ionizing Radiation and Standardization by MALDI MS/MS and Quantification"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor.advisor":["Robertson, John David, 1960-"],"dc:creator":["Remsen, Tiffany D."],"dc:date.accessioned":["2015-06-01T18:50:24Z"],"dc:date.available":["2015-06-01T18:50:24Z"],"dc:date.issued":["2014"],"dc:description.abstract":["The overall objective of this work was to look for proteins that are up- or down-regulated following exposure to whole-body ionizing radiation (IR). The objective is to use these proteins as potential biomarkers of exposure to ionizing radiation of 2 Gy or greater which is the tolerance level for radiation sickness. Once these protein biomarkers are obtained, their antibody could be put inside a self-administered oral test strip, called a lateral flow device, to triage victims of a radiological dispersal device or nuclear detonation. Mice were radiated with 2 Gy, 4 Gy and 7 Gy and sacrificed at 1 hour, 24 hours and 72 hours. Also, mice were injected with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) endotoxin (10 ?g) to induce an inflammatory response to see if this response affects the up- or down-regulated proteins. The LPS injected mice were sacrificed at 1 hour, 24 hours and 72 hours. The tongue was chosen for this work because it is a radiosensitive tissue. The final set of experiments was the generation of controlled bovine carbonic anhydrase (BCA) spike samples to demonstrate BCA identification and quantitation. Two-dimensional (2D) gel electrophoresis was used to separate the proteins extracted from the tongue samples and MALDI TOF-TOF analysis used to identify the proteins. Absorption measurements of the 2D gel was used to quantify the proteins. IR induced up-regulated or down-regulated proteins found only in the samples exposed to radiation were troponin I, skeletal, fast 2 (up-regulated), aconitate hydratase, mitochondrial precursor (down-regulated), alpha-actinin-2 (down-regulated), pyruvate kinase isozymes M1/M2 (down-regulated) and ATP synthase subunit beta, mitochondrial precursor (down-regulated)."],"dc:identifier.uri":["https://hdl.handle.net/10355/45776"],"dc:language":["English"],"dc:language.iso":["eng"],"dc:publisher":["University of Missouri--Columbia"],"dc:rights":["OpenAccess."],"dc:source":["Submitted by the University of Missouri--Columbia Graduate School"],"dc:title":["Protein Biomarkers of Ionizing Radiation and Standardization by MALDI MS/MS and Quantification"],"dc:type":["Thesis"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Chemistry (MU)"],"thesis:degree_level":["Doctoral"],"thesis:degree_name":["Ph. D."],"thesis:institution_name":["University of Missouri--Columbia"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-24T03:07:01Z"}