{"id":{"repo_id":"mississippi","oai_identifier":"oai:egrove.olemiss.edu:etd-2337"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/mississippi/oai:egrove.olemiss.edu:etd-2337","repository":{"repo_id":"mississippi","name":"University of Mississippi","base_url":"https://egrove.olemiss.edu/do/oai/"},"display":{"title":"Feasibility of AquasolveTM HPMC-AS Lg via Hot-melt Extrusion: Effect of Pressurized CO2 on Physico-mechanical Properties","abstract":"The objective of the current study was to investigate the processability of Aquasolve™ HPMC-AS LG via hot-melt extrusion, and to examine the effect of pressurized carbon dioxide (P-CO2) on the physico-mechanical properties of Efavirenz (EFA)-loaded extrudates (EXT). EFA is as a poorly water-soluble drug and HPMC-AS LG was chosen as a carrier for this study. To optimize the process parameters and formulations, various physical mixtures were prepared with the following composition: EFA (30-40-50% w/w) and HPMC-AS LG (70-60-50 % w/w) respectively. Physical mixtures were extruded through the co-rotating twin-screw extruder (16mm Prism Euro Lab, Thermo Fisher Scientific) utilizing a standard screw configuration. P-CO 2 was injected into eight zone of extruder using a high-pressure regulator connected to flexible stainless-steel hose with armor casing. The thermal characterization of extrudates was obtained by using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA). A scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was conducted to study morphology and porosity of formulations. The macroscopic morphology changed to a foam-like structure, resulting in increased specific surface area, porosity and dissolution rate. Thus, HPMC-AS LG extrudates with P-CO2 injection exhibited relatively higher dissolution rate than extrudates without P-CO2. Additionally, HPMC-AS LG was able to physically and chemically stabilize the amorphous state of high-loading EFA in the extrudates. The milling efficiency was improved for extrudates with P-CO2 injection due to porous nature and morphology changes.","abstract_html":"The objective of the current study was to investigate the processability of Aquasolve™ HPMC-AS LG via hot-melt extrusion, and to examine the effect of pressurized carbon dioxide (P-CO2) on the physico-mechanical properties of Efavirenz (EFA)-loaded extrudates (EXT). EFA is as a poorly water-soluble drug and HPMC-AS LG was chosen as a carrier for this study. To optimize the process parameters and formulations, various physical mixtures were prepared with the following composition: EFA (30-40-50% w/w) and HPMC-AS LG (70-60-50 % w/w) respectively. Physical mixtures were extruded through the co-rotating twin-screw extruder (16mm Prism Euro Lab, Thermo Fisher Scientific) utilizing a standard screw configuration. P-CO 2 was injected into eight zone of extruder using a high-pressure regulator connected to flexible stainless-steel hose with armor casing. The thermal characterization of extrudates was obtained by using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA). A scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was conducted to study morphology and porosity of formulations. The macroscopic morphology changed to a foam-like structure, resulting in increased specific surface area, porosity and dissolution rate. Thus, HPMC-AS LG extrudates with P-CO2 injection exhibited relatively higher dissolution rate than extrudates without P-CO2. Additionally, HPMC-AS LG was able to physically and chemically stabilize the amorphous state of high-loading EFA in the extrudates. The milling efficiency was improved for extrudates with P-CO2 injection due to porous nature and morphology changes.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Almutairi, Mashan"],"institution":null,"degree_name":"M.S. in Pharmaceutical Science","degree_level":"Thesis","degree_discipline":"Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Michael A. Repka","S. Narasimha Murthy","Samir A. Ross"],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2018,"date_issued":"2018-01-01T08:00:00Z","date_published":"2018-01-01T08:00:00Z","updated_at":"2026-07-24T03:06:44Z","subjects":["Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences"],"languages":[],"rights":[],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"https://egrove.olemiss.edu/etd/1338","outbound_label":"Repository record","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Michael A. Repka","S. Narasimha Murthy","Samir A. 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EFA is as a poorly water-soluble drug and HPMC-AS LG was chosen as a carrier for this study. To optimize the process parameters and formulations, various physical mixtures were prepared with the following composition: EFA (30-40-50% w/w) and HPMC-AS LG (70-60-50 % w/w) respectively. Physical mixtures were extruded through the co-rotating twin-screw extruder (16mm Prism Euro Lab, Thermo Fisher Scientific) utilizing a standard screw configuration. P-CO 2 was injected into eight zone of extruder using a high-pressure regulator connected to flexible stainless-steel hose with armor casing. The thermal characterization of extrudates was obtained by using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA). A scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was conducted to study morphology and porosity of formulations. The macroscopic morphology changed to a foam-like structure, resulting in increased specific surface area, porosity and dissolution rate. Thus, HPMC-AS LG extrudates with P-CO2 injection exhibited relatively higher dissolution rate than extrudates without P-CO2. Additionally, HPMC-AS LG was able to physically and chemically stabilize the amorphous state of high-loading EFA in the extrudates. The milling efficiency was improved for extrudates with P-CO2 injection due to porous nature and morphology changes."]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Feasibility of AquasolveTM HPMC-AS Lg via Hot-melt Extrusion: Effect of Pressurized CO2 on Physico-mechanical Properties"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor":["Michael A. Repka","S. Narasimha Murthy","Samir A. Ross"],"dc:creator":["Almutairi, Mashan"],"dc:date.available":["2020-01-23T08:00:00Z"],"dc:description.abstract":["The objective of the current study was to investigate the processability of Aquasolve™ HPMC-AS LG via hot-melt extrusion, and to examine the effect of pressurized carbon dioxide (P-CO2) on the physico-mechanical properties of Efavirenz (EFA)-loaded extrudates (EXT). EFA is as a poorly water-soluble drug and HPMC-AS LG was chosen as a carrier for this study. To optimize the process parameters and formulations, various physical mixtures were prepared with the following composition: EFA (30-40-50% w/w) and HPMC-AS LG (70-60-50 % w/w) respectively. Physical mixtures were extruded through the co-rotating twin-screw extruder (16mm Prism Euro Lab, Thermo Fisher Scientific) utilizing a standard screw configuration. P-CO 2 was injected into eight zone of extruder using a high-pressure regulator connected to flexible stainless-steel hose with armor casing. The thermal characterization of extrudates was obtained by using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA). A scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was conducted to study morphology and porosity of formulations. The macroscopic morphology changed to a foam-like structure, resulting in increased specific surface area, porosity and dissolution rate. Thus, HPMC-AS LG extrudates with P-CO2 injection exhibited relatively higher dissolution rate than extrudates without P-CO2. Additionally, HPMC-AS LG was able to physically and chemically stabilize the amorphous state of high-loading EFA in the extrudates. The milling efficiency was improved for extrudates with P-CO2 injection due to porous nature and morphology changes."],"dc:identifier":["https://egrove.olemiss.edu/etd/1338"],"dc:subject":["Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences"],"dc:title":["Feasibility of AquasolveTM HPMC-AS Lg via Hot-melt Extrusion: Effect of Pressurized CO2 on Physico-mechanical Properties"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery"],"thesis:degree_level":["Thesis"],"thesis:degree_name":["M.S. in Pharmaceutical Science"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-24T03:06:44Z"}