American weight trends have steadily increased over the past years. In efforts to better inform consumers of their food consumption, increasingly front-of-package (fop) food labels are displayed on packaged food items. Fop nutrition labels have become more prevalent in the US to help consumers identify healthier options at the point-of-purchase. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of two current fop labels, the facts up front and the facts up front extended labels. In addition, a generic binary label was created to represent a non-brand associated symbol, which does not currently exist in the US. Participants were randomized to one of three of the label conditions or the no-label control group. A total of 161 adults, who are primary grocery shoppers in the US, ages 18-69 participated in this study. All participants were recruited through an online database, qualtrics, in January 2016, and participated in the study. The main outcome measures were the healthiness assessment of two product variants for three comfood categories, along with label liking, familiarity, ease of comprehension, purchase intention, and perceived label credibility. Additionally, participants' nutrition attitude, self-reported nutrition knowledge, and label behaviors were examined. The results indicated minor differences between the facts up front and facts up front extended fops, but both were significantly more liked, familiar, easier to comprehend, and perceived as more credible than the generic binary label, the health check (p < .05). Overall, those in the facts up front label conditions performed better than those in the health check and no label conditions, indicating the presence of fop labels successfully assists in assessing product healthiness.
","abstract_html":"<p>American weight trends have steadily increased over the past years. In efforts to better inform consumers of their food consumption, increasingly front-of-package (fop) food labels are displayed on packaged food items. Fop nutrition labels have become more prevalent in the US to help consumers identify healthier options at the point-of-purchase. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of two current fop labels, the facts up front and the facts up front extended labels. In addition, a generic binary label was created to represent a non-brand associated symbol, which does not currently exist in the US. Participants were randomized to one of three of the label conditions or the no-label control group. A total of 161 adults, who are primary grocery shoppers in the US, ages 18-69 participated in this study. All participants were recruited through an online database, qualtrics, in January 2016, and participated in the study. The main outcome measures were the healthiness assessment of two product variants for three comfood categories, along with label liking, familiarity, ease of comprehension, purchase intention, and perceived label credibility. Additionally, participants' nutrition attitude, self-reported nutrition knowledge, and label behaviors were examined. The results indicated minor differences between the facts up front and facts up front extended fops, but both were significantly more liked, familiar, easier to comprehend, and perceived as more credible than the generic binary label, the health check (p < .05). Overall, those in the facts up front label conditions performed better than those in the health check and no label conditions, indicating the presence of fop labels successfully assists in assessing product healthiness.</p>","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Irvin, Emily Lauren"],"institution":null,"degree_name":"M.S. in Food and Nutrition Services","degree_level":"Thesis","degree_discipline":"Nutrition and Hospitality Management","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Mary G. Roseman","Hyun-Woo Joung","Robert Magee"],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2016,"date_issued":"2016-01-01T08:00:00Z","date_published":"2016-01-01T08:00:00Z","updated_at":"2026-07-24T03:06:14Z","subjects":["Facts Up Front","Fda","Fop","Front Of Package Label","Label","Nutrition Labels","Nutrition"],"languages":[],"rights":[],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"https://egrove.olemiss.edu/etd/1006","outbound_label":"Repository record","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Mary G. 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In efforts to better inform consumers of their food consumption, increasingly front-of-package (fop) food labels are displayed on packaged food items. Fop nutrition labels have become more prevalent in the US to help consumers identify healthier options at the point-of-purchase. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of two current fop labels, the facts up front and the facts up front extended labels. In addition, a generic binary label was created to represent a non-brand associated symbol, which does not currently exist in the US. Participants were randomized to one of three of the label conditions or the no-label control group. A total of 161 adults, who are primary grocery shoppers in the US, ages 18-69 participated in this study. All participants were recruited through an online database, qualtrics, in January 2016, and participated in the study. The main outcome measures were the healthiness assessment of two product variants for three comfood categories, along with label liking, familiarity, ease of comprehension, purchase intention, and perceived label credibility. Additionally, participants' nutrition attitude, self-reported nutrition knowledge, and label behaviors were examined. The results indicated minor differences between the facts up front and facts up front extended fops, but both were significantly more liked, familiar, easier to comprehend, and perceived as more credible than the generic binary label, the health check (p < .05). Overall, those in the facts up front label conditions performed better than those in the health check and no label conditions, indicating the presence of fop labels successfully assists in assessing product healthiness.
"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["A Study Of The Effectiveness Of Front-Of-Package Nutrition Labels In The US"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor":["Mary G. Roseman","Hyun-Woo Joung","Robert Magee"],"dc:creator":["Irvin, Emily Lauren"],"dc:date.available":["2019-06-20T07:00:00Z"],"dc:description.abstract":["American weight trends have steadily increased over the past years. In efforts to better inform consumers of their food consumption, increasingly front-of-package (fop) food labels are displayed on packaged food items. Fop nutrition labels have become more prevalent in the US to help consumers identify healthier options at the point-of-purchase. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of two current fop labels, the facts up front and the facts up front extended labels. In addition, a generic binary label was created to represent a non-brand associated symbol, which does not currently exist in the US. Participants were randomized to one of three of the label conditions or the no-label control group. A total of 161 adults, who are primary grocery shoppers in the US, ages 18-69 participated in this study. All participants were recruited through an online database, qualtrics, in January 2016, and participated in the study. The main outcome measures were the healthiness assessment of two product variants for three comfood categories, along with label liking, familiarity, ease of comprehension, purchase intention, and perceived label credibility. Additionally, participants' nutrition attitude, self-reported nutrition knowledge, and label behaviors were examined. The results indicated minor differences between the facts up front and facts up front extended fops, but both were significantly more liked, familiar, easier to comprehend, and perceived as more credible than the generic binary label, the health check (p < .05). Overall, those in the facts up front label conditions performed better than those in the health check and no label conditions, indicating the presence of fop labels successfully assists in assessing product healthiness.
"],"dc:identifier":["https://egrove.olemiss.edu/etd/1006"],"dc:subject":["Facts Up Front","Fda","Fop","Front Of Package Label","Label","Nutrition Labels","Nutrition"],"dc:title":["A Study Of The Effectiveness Of Front-Of-Package Nutrition Labels In The US"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Nutrition and Hospitality Management"],"thesis:degree_level":["Thesis"],"thesis:degree_name":["M.S. in Food and Nutrition Services"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-24T03:06:14Z"}