Adaptive Behavior Deficits in Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder- Cutoff Scores for the ASD-D-A according to DSM-5 Criteria.
With the release of the DSM-5, measures of ASD must be adjusted to take into account the new diagnostic criteria. In the present study, 337 adults with varying levels of intellectual disability who reside in a residential facility were studied. The present study identified potential cutoff scores on an established measure of ASD symptoms in adults, the ASD-A, and compared adaptive behavior levels between groups identified by DSM-IV-TR and DSM-5. The sample was divided into three groups: non-ASD, ASD according to DSM-5 and ASD according to DSM-IV-TR ASD along DSM-IV-TR was determined based on previous diagnoses, while DSM-5 diagnoses were determined based on an algorithm based on previous criteria and new criteria. The optimal cutoff scores for the ASD-D-A were computed using measures of central tendency and ROC analysis, and presented with corresponding considerations. A MANOVA was conducted to examine differences in adaptive behavior between the new ASD vs. non-ASD group, and the DSM-5, DSM-IV, and non-ASD groups using the VABS-II. Differences in adaptive behavior were not found to be significant between the new DSM-5 and non-autistic groups using the new criteria. Results were discussed in light of the sample and potential implications of the DSM-IV. The changes in diagnostic criteria pose concerns, particularly for adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD). Changes with respect to new diagnostic criteria and their potential effects on individuals with ASD diagnoses were discussed.
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