The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of combined orthodontic and orthognathic surgical treatment upon the soft tissue profile, and to determine the correlation between soft tissue response and the following variables: type of surgery, genioplasty, lip thickness, method of surgical site closure, interlabial distance and eversion of the lower lip. Preoperative and long-term postoperative lateral cephalograms were traced for 327 patients (231 females, 96 males) who had been treated with orthognathic surgery (108 Le Fort I, 109 mandibular sagittal split, 110 combined Le Fort I and mandibular sagittal split surgery). The results indicated that strong correlations existed between the hard tissue and soft tissue landmarks in a horizontal direction, poor correlations existed between the hard tissue and soft tissue landmarks in a vertical direction, horizontal movement of the soft tissue chin was greater than previously reported, there was significant uprighting of an everted lower lip following surgery. It was also found that individuals exhibited large variations in response to similar procedures.
","abstract_html":"<p>The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of combined orthodontic and orthognathic surgical treatment upon the soft tissue profile, and to determine the correlation between soft tissue response and the following variables: type of surgery, genioplasty, lip thickness, method of surgical site closure, interlabial distance and eversion of the lower lip. Preoperative and long-term postoperative lateral cephalograms were traced for 327 patients (231 females, 96 males) who had been treated with orthognathic surgery (108 Le Fort I, 109 mandibular sagittal split, 110 combined Le Fort I and mandibular sagittal split surgery). The results indicated that strong correlations existed between the hard tissue and soft tissue landmarks in a horizontal direction, poor correlations existed between the hard tissue and soft tissue landmarks in a vertical direction, horizontal movement of the soft tissue chin was greater than previously reported, there was significant uprighting of an everted lower lip following surgery. It was also found that individuals exhibited large variations in response to similar procedures.</p>","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Brown, Douglas M."],"institution":null,"degree_name":"Master of Science (MS)","degree_level":"Thesis","degree_discipline":"Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["M. Toufic Jeiroudi","Norman S. Carter","Joseph M. Caruso","William J. Emmerson","Timothy B. Welch"],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":1991,"date_issued":"1991-06-01T07:00:00Z","date_published":"1991-06-01T07:00:00Z","updated_at":"2026-07-24T02:54:17Z","subjects":["Orthodontics and Orthodontology","Orthodontics; Jaw -- surgery; Cephalometry"],"languages":["English"],"rights":["This title appears here courtesy of the author, who has granted Loma Linda University a limited, non-exclusive right to make this publication available to the public. The author retains all other copyrights."],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"https://scholarsrepository.llu.edu/etd/1234","outbound_label":"Repository record","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["M. Toufic Jeiroudi","Norman S. Carter","Joseph M. Caruso","William J. Emmerson","Timothy B. Welch"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Brown, Douglas M."]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Thesis"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["Master of Science (MS)"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Orthodontics and Orthodontology","Orthodontics; Jaw -- surgery; Cephalometry"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language","label":"Dc Language","values":["English"]},{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["This title appears here courtesy of the author, who has granted Loma Linda University a limited, non-exclusive right to make this publication available to the public. The author retains all other copyrights."]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["https://scholarsrepository.llu.edu/etd/1234"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description.abstract","label":"Abstract","values":["The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of combined orthodontic and orthognathic surgical treatment upon the soft tissue profile, and to determine the correlation between soft tissue response and the following variables: type of surgery, genioplasty, lip thickness, method of surgical site closure, interlabial distance and eversion of the lower lip. Preoperative and long-term postoperative lateral cephalograms were traced for 327 patients (231 females, 96 males) who had been treated with orthognathic surgery (108 Le Fort I, 109 mandibular sagittal split, 110 combined Le Fort I and mandibular sagittal split surgery). The results indicated that strong correlations existed between the hard tissue and soft tissue landmarks in a horizontal direction, poor correlations existed between the hard tissue and soft tissue landmarks in a vertical direction, horizontal movement of the soft tissue chin was greater than previously reported, there was significant uprighting of an everted lower lip following surgery. It was also found that individuals exhibited large variations in response to similar procedures.
"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Cephalometric Analysis of Soft Tissue Profile Change Associated with Orthodontics and Orthognathic Surgery : A Long-Term Study"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor":["M. Toufic Jeiroudi","Norman S. Carter","Joseph M. Caruso","William J. Emmerson","Timothy B. Welch"],"dc:creator":["Brown, Douglas M."],"dc:description.abstract":["The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of combined orthodontic and orthognathic surgical treatment upon the soft tissue profile, and to determine the correlation between soft tissue response and the following variables: type of surgery, genioplasty, lip thickness, method of surgical site closure, interlabial distance and eversion of the lower lip. Preoperative and long-term postoperative lateral cephalograms were traced for 327 patients (231 females, 96 males) who had been treated with orthognathic surgery (108 Le Fort I, 109 mandibular sagittal split, 110 combined Le Fort I and mandibular sagittal split surgery). The results indicated that strong correlations existed between the hard tissue and soft tissue landmarks in a horizontal direction, poor correlations existed between the hard tissue and soft tissue landmarks in a vertical direction, horizontal movement of the soft tissue chin was greater than previously reported, there was significant uprighting of an everted lower lip following surgery. It was also found that individuals exhibited large variations in response to similar procedures.
"],"dc:identifier":["https://scholarsrepository.llu.edu/etd/1234"],"dc:language":["English"],"dc:rights":["This title appears here courtesy of the author, who has granted Loma Linda University a limited, non-exclusive right to make this publication available to the public. The author retains all other copyrights."],"dc:subject":["Orthodontics and Orthodontology","Orthodontics; Jaw -- surgery; Cephalometry"],"dc:title":["Cephalometric Analysis of Soft Tissue Profile Change Associated with Orthodontics and Orthognathic Surgery : A Long-Term Study"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics"],"thesis:degree_level":["Thesis"],"thesis:degree_name":["Master of Science (MS)"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-24T02:54:17Z"}