The goal for the preservation of blood is the optimal survival and function of the stored blood after reinfusion. In vivo means of assessing viability after storage would be ideal but these survival studies are expensive, involved, and not without danger. Thus, in vitro means have been sought to evaluate preservation. The most frequently used of the in vitro tests for predicting red blood cell survival is deformability.
This study applies a recently developed method of measuring deformability to assess changes in stored blood. In brief, the method involves drawing a \"mini\" unit of blood from each of three normal healthy individuals. Citrate-phosphate-dextrose was chosen as the anticoagulant-preservative solution because it is in common use in blood banks in this country. The amount of anticoagulant solution in the conventional single donor pack was reduced proportionately for the 70 ml of blood drawn. After one and three weeks of storage under transfusion service conditions, aliquots of the stored samples were aseptically removed. The red blood cells were tested for deformability in parallel with freshly drawn samples from the same donors.
The deformability was assayed by washing and resuspending the red blood cells in phosphate buffered saline. Small patches of the red blood cell membrane of an intact cell were than aspirated into 0.6 micron diameter holes in polycarbonate sieves. Three different pressures were employed. After fixation and preparation, the cells were observed on the scanning electron microscope. Appropriately oriented cells were photographed and the depth of penetration of the red cell membrane into the holes was measured. Extension ratios of the membrane in the aspirated portions of the red cells were calculated and compared for each of the three donors at each of the three aspiration pressures.
No significant differences in deformability, as measured by this approach, were noted between the fresh samples and those stored for one and three weeks respectively. No significant changes in the elastic properties of the red cell membrane occured during 21 days of storage of blood in CPD preservative.
","abstract_html":"<p>The goal for the preservation of blood is the optimal survival and function of the stored blood after reinfusion. In vivo means of assessing viability after storage would be ideal but these survival studies are expensive, involved, and not without danger. Thus, in vitro means have been sought to evaluate preservation. The most frequently used of the in vitro tests for predicting red blood cell survival is deformability.</p> <p>This study applies a recently developed method of measuring deformability to assess changes in stored blood. In brief, the method involves drawing a "mini" unit of blood from each of three normal healthy individuals. Citrate-phosphate-dextrose was chosen as the anticoagulant-preservative solution because it is in common use in blood banks in this country. The amount of anticoagulant solution in the conventional single donor pack was reduced proportionately for the 70 ml of blood drawn. After one and three weeks of storage under transfusion service conditions, aliquots of the stored samples were aseptically removed. The red blood cells were tested for deformability in parallel with freshly drawn samples from the same donors.</p> <p>The deformability was assayed by washing and resuspending the red blood cells in phosphate buffered saline. Small patches of the red blood cell membrane of an intact cell were than aspirated into 0.6 micron diameter holes in polycarbonate sieves. Three different pressures were employed. After fixation and preparation, the cells were observed on the scanning electron microscope. Appropriately oriented cells were photographed and the depth of penetration of the red cell membrane into the holes was measured. Extension ratios of the membrane in the aspirated portions of the red cells were calculated and compared for each of the three donors at each of the three aspiration pressures.</p> <p>No significant differences in deformability, as measured by this approach, were noted between the fresh samples and those stored for one and three weeks respectively. No significant changes in the elastic properties of the red cell membrane occured during 21 days of storage of blood in CPD preservative.</p>","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Ballweg, Caroline M."],"institution":null,"degree_name":"Master of Science (MS)","degree_level":"Thesis","degree_discipline":"Medical Technology","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Brian S. Bull","Richard W. Hubbard","Robert E. Moncrieff"],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":1978,"date_issued":"1978-06-01T07:00:00Z","date_published":"1978-06-01T07:00:00Z","updated_at":"2026-07-24T02:53:44Z","subjects":["Health Information Technology","Blood Preservation"],"languages":["English"],"rights":["This title appears here courtesy of the author, who has granted Loma Linda University a limited, non-exclusive right to make this publication available to the public. The author retains all other copyrights."],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"https://scholarsrepository.llu.edu/etd/1356","outbound_label":"Repository record","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Brian S. Bull","Richard W. Hubbard","Robert E. Moncrieff"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Ballweg, Caroline M."]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Medical Technology"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Thesis"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["Master of Science (MS)"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Health Information Technology","Blood Preservation"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language","label":"Dc Language","values":["English"]},{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["This title appears here courtesy of the author, who has granted Loma Linda University a limited, non-exclusive right to make this publication available to the public. The author retains all other copyrights."]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["https://scholarsrepository.llu.edu/etd/1356"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description.abstract","label":"Abstract","values":["The goal for the preservation of blood is the optimal survival and function of the stored blood after reinfusion. In vivo means of assessing viability after storage would be ideal but these survival studies are expensive, involved, and not without danger. Thus, in vitro means have been sought to evaluate preservation. The most frequently used of the in vitro tests for predicting red blood cell survival is deformability.
This study applies a recently developed method of measuring deformability to assess changes in stored blood. In brief, the method involves drawing a \"mini\" unit of blood from each of three normal healthy individuals. Citrate-phosphate-dextrose was chosen as the anticoagulant-preservative solution because it is in common use in blood banks in this country. The amount of anticoagulant solution in the conventional single donor pack was reduced proportionately for the 70 ml of blood drawn. After one and three weeks of storage under transfusion service conditions, aliquots of the stored samples were aseptically removed. The red blood cells were tested for deformability in parallel with freshly drawn samples from the same donors.
The deformability was assayed by washing and resuspending the red blood cells in phosphate buffered saline. Small patches of the red blood cell membrane of an intact cell were than aspirated into 0.6 micron diameter holes in polycarbonate sieves. Three different pressures were employed. After fixation and preparation, the cells were observed on the scanning electron microscope. Appropriately oriented cells were photographed and the depth of penetration of the red cell membrane into the holes was measured. Extension ratios of the membrane in the aspirated portions of the red cells were calculated and compared for each of the three donors at each of the three aspiration pressures.
No significant differences in deformability, as measured by this approach, were noted between the fresh samples and those stored for one and three weeks respectively. No significant changes in the elastic properties of the red cell membrane occured during 21 days of storage of blood in CPD preservative.
"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Effect of Storage on the Elastic Properties of the Red Cell Membrane"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor":["Brian S. Bull","Richard W. Hubbard","Robert E. Moncrieff"],"dc:creator":["Ballweg, Caroline M."],"dc:description.abstract":["The goal for the preservation of blood is the optimal survival and function of the stored blood after reinfusion. In vivo means of assessing viability after storage would be ideal but these survival studies are expensive, involved, and not without danger. Thus, in vitro means have been sought to evaluate preservation. The most frequently used of the in vitro tests for predicting red blood cell survival is deformability.
This study applies a recently developed method of measuring deformability to assess changes in stored blood. In brief, the method involves drawing a \"mini\" unit of blood from each of three normal healthy individuals. Citrate-phosphate-dextrose was chosen as the anticoagulant-preservative solution because it is in common use in blood banks in this country. The amount of anticoagulant solution in the conventional single donor pack was reduced proportionately for the 70 ml of blood drawn. After one and three weeks of storage under transfusion service conditions, aliquots of the stored samples were aseptically removed. The red blood cells were tested for deformability in parallel with freshly drawn samples from the same donors.
The deformability was assayed by washing and resuspending the red blood cells in phosphate buffered saline. Small patches of the red blood cell membrane of an intact cell were than aspirated into 0.6 micron diameter holes in polycarbonate sieves. Three different pressures were employed. After fixation and preparation, the cells were observed on the scanning electron microscope. Appropriately oriented cells were photographed and the depth of penetration of the red cell membrane into the holes was measured. Extension ratios of the membrane in the aspirated portions of the red cells were calculated and compared for each of the three donors at each of the three aspiration pressures.
No significant differences in deformability, as measured by this approach, were noted between the fresh samples and those stored for one and three weeks respectively. No significant changes in the elastic properties of the red cell membrane occured during 21 days of storage of blood in CPD preservative.
"],"dc:identifier":["https://scholarsrepository.llu.edu/etd/1356"],"dc:language":["English"],"dc:rights":["This title appears here courtesy of the author, who has granted Loma Linda University a limited, non-exclusive right to make this publication available to the public. The author retains all other copyrights."],"dc:subject":["Health Information Technology","Blood Preservation"],"dc:title":["Effect of Storage on the Elastic Properties of the Red Cell Membrane"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Medical Technology"],"thesis:degree_level":["Thesis"],"thesis:degree_name":["Master of Science (MS)"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-24T02:53:44Z"}