Hox genes encode master regulators of body plan during embryonic development. In land and avian (bird) vertebrates there are four clusters of Hox genes (A, B, C, D). Patterns of Hox expression (paralogs 5-8), in our work specifically Hoxc5, c6, c8, and Hoxd8 in the forelimb forelimb area have been determined, using the chicken (Gallus gallus) as our model organism. These data help complete the known Hox gene expression patterns for early forelimb development for all four land and avian vertebrates. Potential Hox, Box-associated, and homeodomain core binding sites in genes inducing the forelimb (Tbx5, Salli, Sall4, and Fgf10) have been predicted through comparative genomics, including the use of sequence alignment, phylogenetic footprinting, and related analyses. We have also used comparative genomics to predict potential Lmx1b core binding sites in the Emx2 gene. Both Lmxlb and Emx2 are factors involved in forelimb and shoulder girdle dorsalization.
","abstract_html":"<p><em>Hox</em> genes encode master regulators of body plan during embryonic development. In land and avian (bird) vertebrates there are four clusters of <em>Hox</em> genes (A, B, C, D). Patterns of <em>Hox</em> expression (paralogs 5-8), in our work specifically <em>Hoxc5, c6, c8,</em> and <em>Hoxd8</em> in the forelimb forelimb area have been determined, using the chicken (<em>Gallus gallus</em>) as our model organism. These data help complete the known <em>Hox</em> gene expression patterns for early forelimb development for all four land and avian vertebrates. Potential Hox, Box-associated, and homeodomain core binding sites in genes inducing the forelimb (<em>Tbx5, Salli, Sall4, and Fgf10</em>) have been predicted through comparative genomics, including the use of sequence alignment, phylogenetic footprinting, and related analyses. We have also used comparative genomics to predict potential Lmx1b core binding sites in the Emx2 gene. Both Lmxlb and <em>Emx2</em> are factors involved in forelimb and shoulder girdle dorsalization.</p>","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Greer, Lee Fitzhugh, III"],"institution":null,"degree_name":"Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)","degree_level":"Dissertation","degree_discipline":"Biology","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Kerby C. Oberg","Roland L. Carter","William H. Fletcher","Lora Green","William K. Hayes"],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2007,"date_issued":"2007-03-01T08:00:00Z","date_published":"2007-03-01T08:00:00Z","updated_at":"2026-07-24T02:53:08Z","subjects":["Biology","Embryology; Developmental biology; Vertebrates; Morphogenesis; Extremities; Forelimb."],"languages":["English"],"rights":["This title appears here courtesy of the author, who has granted Loma Linda University a limited, non-exclusive right to make this publication available to the public. The author retains all other copyrights."],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"https://scholarsrepository.llu.edu/etd/577","outbound_label":"Repository record","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Kerby C. Oberg","Roland L. Carter","William H. Fletcher","Lora Green","William K. Hayes"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Greer, Lee Fitzhugh, III"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Biology"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Dissertation"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Biology","Embryology; Developmental biology; Vertebrates; Morphogenesis; Extremities; Forelimb."]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language","label":"Dc Language","values":["English"]},{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["This title appears here courtesy of the author, who has granted Loma Linda University a limited, non-exclusive right to make this publication available to the public. The author retains all other copyrights."]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["https://scholarsrepository.llu.edu/etd/577"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description.abstract","label":"Abstract","values":["Hox genes encode master regulators of body plan during embryonic development. In land and avian (bird) vertebrates there are four clusters of Hox genes (A, B, C, D). Patterns of Hox expression (paralogs 5-8), in our work specifically Hoxc5, c6, c8, and Hoxd8 in the forelimb forelimb area have been determined, using the chicken (Gallus gallus) as our model organism. These data help complete the known Hox gene expression patterns for early forelimb development for all four land and avian vertebrates. Potential Hox, Box-associated, and homeodomain core binding sites in genes inducing the forelimb (Tbx5, Salli, Sall4, and Fgf10) have been predicted through comparative genomics, including the use of sequence alignment, phylogenetic footprinting, and related analyses. We have also used comparative genomics to predict potential Lmx1b core binding sites in the Emx2 gene. Both Lmxlb and Emx2 are factors involved in forelimb and shoulder girdle dorsalization.
"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Hox Targeting in Vertebrate Forelimb Induction: Expression and Comparative Genomics"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor":["Kerby C. Oberg","Roland L. Carter","William H. Fletcher","Lora Green","William K. Hayes"],"dc:creator":["Greer, Lee Fitzhugh, III"],"dc:description.abstract":["Hox genes encode master regulators of body plan during embryonic development. In land and avian (bird) vertebrates there are four clusters of Hox genes (A, B, C, D). Patterns of Hox expression (paralogs 5-8), in our work specifically Hoxc5, c6, c8, and Hoxd8 in the forelimb forelimb area have been determined, using the chicken (Gallus gallus) as our model organism. These data help complete the known Hox gene expression patterns for early forelimb development for all four land and avian vertebrates. Potential Hox, Box-associated, and homeodomain core binding sites in genes inducing the forelimb (Tbx5, Salli, Sall4, and Fgf10) have been predicted through comparative genomics, including the use of sequence alignment, phylogenetic footprinting, and related analyses. We have also used comparative genomics to predict potential Lmx1b core binding sites in the Emx2 gene. Both Lmxlb and Emx2 are factors involved in forelimb and shoulder girdle dorsalization.
"],"dc:identifier":["https://scholarsrepository.llu.edu/etd/577"],"dc:language":["English"],"dc:rights":["This title appears here courtesy of the author, who has granted Loma Linda University a limited, non-exclusive right to make this publication available to the public. The author retains all other copyrights."],"dc:subject":["Biology","Embryology; Developmental biology; Vertebrates; Morphogenesis; Extremities; Forelimb."],"dc:title":["Hox Targeting in Vertebrate Forelimb Induction: Expression and Comparative Genomics"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Biology"],"thesis:degree_level":["Dissertation"],"thesis:degree_name":["Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-24T02:53:08Z"}