The extent and severity of cardiovascular disease can be measured by an angiogram. This procedure measures the degree of occlusion in major arteries of the heart. This physical measurement was correlated with patient's tendency to be forgiving of themselves and others. This measurement reflects forgiveness as a trait-like characteristic. Patients at Loma Linda University Medical Center who were undergoing angiography were given the BDHI (Buss-Durkee Hostility Inventory), the FOS and FOO (Forgiveness of Self and Forgiveness of Others) scales to complete during their waiting room period. No significant correlations were found between the scales used in this study and angiogram outcomes. Suggestions for future research are given and possible reasons for the failure to find correlations are also discussed.
","abstract_html":"<p>The extent and severity of cardiovascular disease can be measured by an angiogram. This procedure measures the degree of occlusion in major arteries of the heart. This physical measurement was correlated with patient's tendency to be forgiving of themselves and others. This measurement reflects forgiveness as a trait-like characteristic. Patients at Loma Linda University Medical Center who were undergoing angiography were given the BDHI (Buss-Durkee Hostility Inventory), the FOS and FOO (Forgiveness of Self and Forgiveness of Others) scales to complete during their waiting room period. No significant correlations were found between the scales used in this study and angiogram outcomes. Suggestions for future research are given and possible reasons for the failure to find correlations are also discussed.</p>","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Bogle, Mary K. J."],"institution":null,"degree_name":"Doctor of Psychology (PsyD)","degree_level":"Doctoral Project","degree_discipline":"Psychology","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Leslie Martin","Louis Jenkins","Kenneth Jutzy","Johnny Ramirez-Johnson","Gunter Reiss"],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2004,"date_issued":"2004-06-01T07:00:00Z","date_published":"2004-06-01T07:00:00Z","updated_at":"2026-07-24T02:52:59Z","subjects":["Psychology","Forgiveness; Heart -- Abnormalities -- Psychological aspects; Heart -- Diseases -- Psychosomatic aspects; Heart Diseases -- prevention & control; Heart Diseases -- psychology."],"languages":["English"],"rights":["This title appears here courtesy of the author, who has granted Loma Linda University a limited, non-exclusive right to make this publication available to the public. The author retains all other copyrights."],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"https://scholarsrepository.llu.edu/etd/661","outbound_label":"Repository record","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Leslie Martin","Louis Jenkins","Kenneth Jutzy","Johnny Ramirez-Johnson","Gunter Reiss"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Bogle, Mary K. J."]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Psychology"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Doctoral Project"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["Doctor of Psychology (PsyD)"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Psychology","Forgiveness; Heart -- Abnormalities -- Psychological aspects; Heart -- Diseases -- Psychosomatic aspects; Heart Diseases -- prevention & control; Heart Diseases -- psychology."]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language","label":"Dc Language","values":["English"]},{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["This title appears here courtesy of the author, who has granted Loma Linda University a limited, non-exclusive right to make this publication available to the public. The author retains all other copyrights."]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["https://scholarsrepository.llu.edu/etd/661"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description.abstract","label":"Abstract","values":["The extent and severity of cardiovascular disease can be measured by an angiogram. This procedure measures the degree of occlusion in major arteries of the heart. This physical measurement was correlated with patient's tendency to be forgiving of themselves and others. This measurement reflects forgiveness as a trait-like characteristic. Patients at Loma Linda University Medical Center who were undergoing angiography were given the BDHI (Buss-Durkee Hostility Inventory), the FOS and FOO (Forgiveness of Self and Forgiveness of Others) scales to complete during their waiting room period. No significant correlations were found between the scales used in this study and angiogram outcomes. Suggestions for future research are given and possible reasons for the failure to find correlations are also discussed.
"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Forgiveness and Failure of the Heart"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor":["Leslie Martin","Louis Jenkins","Kenneth Jutzy","Johnny Ramirez-Johnson","Gunter Reiss"],"dc:creator":["Bogle, Mary K. J."],"dc:description.abstract":["The extent and severity of cardiovascular disease can be measured by an angiogram. This procedure measures the degree of occlusion in major arteries of the heart. This physical measurement was correlated with patient's tendency to be forgiving of themselves and others. This measurement reflects forgiveness as a trait-like characteristic. Patients at Loma Linda University Medical Center who were undergoing angiography were given the BDHI (Buss-Durkee Hostility Inventory), the FOS and FOO (Forgiveness of Self and Forgiveness of Others) scales to complete during their waiting room period. No significant correlations were found between the scales used in this study and angiogram outcomes. Suggestions for future research are given and possible reasons for the failure to find correlations are also discussed.
"],"dc:identifier":["https://scholarsrepository.llu.edu/etd/661"],"dc:language":["English"],"dc:rights":["This title appears here courtesy of the author, who has granted Loma Linda University a limited, non-exclusive right to make this publication available to the public. The author retains all other copyrights."],"dc:subject":["Psychology","Forgiveness; Heart -- Abnormalities -- Psychological aspects; Heart -- Diseases -- Psychosomatic aspects; Heart Diseases -- prevention & control; Heart Diseases -- psychology."],"dc:title":["Forgiveness and Failure of the Heart"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Psychology"],"thesis:degree_level":["Doctoral Project"],"thesis:degree_name":["Doctor of Psychology (PsyD)"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-24T02:52:59Z"}