The area of study is located on the north flank of the northeast-southwest trending Blue Mountains Anticlinorium in north-central Oregon. The primary geologic problems investigated were: 1) the age and stratigraphic position of leaf-bearing tufts mapped as Oligo-Miocene John Day Formation but surrounded by andesitic basalts of the Eo-Oligocene Clarno Formation, 2) the age of \"olivine basalt\" mapped as John Day Formation by some workers but referred to the Clarno Formation by others, and 3) the petroleum potential of the Fossil area.
To resolve these three problems I mapped a 25 square mile area surrounding Fossil at 1 :24,000 scale. This detailed mapping revealed that the leaf-bearing shales of the John Day Formation are exposed along the axes of two narrow synclines separated from John Day Formation outcrops to the north by a breached dome, herein named the Fossil Dome. The John Day leaf-bearing shales directly overly Clarno andesitic basalt.
Petrography and x-ray diffraction of rocks mapped by Robinson (1975) as John Day Formation \"olivine basalt\" demonstrate that it is a rhyodacite porphyry containing pigeonite and a high alkali content. In mesoscopic view the rhyodacite porphyry resembles and is probably genetically related to rhyodacite flows and intrusions on Black Butte to the west.
A high-titania olivine basalt dike found at the western edge of the map area is similar to basalt described by Robinson (1969) as part of the John Day Formation. However, this basalt crosscuts John Day stratigraphy and was dated at 15.5 +/- 0.8 M.Y. In addition, an x-ray diffraction pattern of the basalt shows that its titania occurs in ulvospinel whereas titania in Robinson's (1969) basalts occurs in ilmenite. These factors suggest that this basalt is a feeder dike for Grande Ronde Basalts of the Columbia River Basalt Group.
Oil and gas shows in an oil well and water wells drilled in and near Fossil and a soil hydrocarbon anomaly reported by Sidle and Richers (1985) suggest the possible presence of petroleum in the subsurface. Besides the Fossil Dome, several other possible petroleum traps are present.
","abstract_html":"<p>The area of study is located on the north flank of the northeast-southwest trending Blue Mountains Anticlinorium in north-central Oregon. The primary geologic problems investigated were: 1) the age and stratigraphic position of leaf-bearing tufts mapped as Oligo-Miocene John Day Formation but surrounded by andesitic basalts of the Eo-Oligocene Clarno Formation, 2) the age of "olivine basalt" mapped as John Day Formation by some workers but referred to the Clarno Formation by others, and 3) the petroleum potential of the Fossil area.</p> <p>To resolve these three problems I mapped a 25 square mile area surrounding Fossil at 1 :24,000 scale. This detailed mapping revealed that the leaf-bearing shales of the John Day Formation are exposed along the axes of two narrow synclines separated from John Day Formation outcrops to the north by a breached dome, herein named the Fossil Dome. The John Day leaf-bearing shales directly overly Clarno andesitic basalt.</p> <p>Petrography and x-ray diffraction of rocks mapped by Robinson (1975) as John Day Formation "olivine basalt" demonstrate that it is a rhyodacite porphyry containing pigeonite and a high alkali content. In mesoscopic view the rhyodacite porphyry resembles and is probably genetically related to rhyodacite flows and intrusions on Black Butte to the west.</p> <p>A high-titania olivine basalt dike found at the western edge of the map area is similar to basalt described by Robinson (1969) as part of the John Day Formation. However, this basalt crosscuts John Day stratigraphy and was dated at 15.5 +/- 0.8 M.Y. In addition, an x-ray diffraction pattern of the basalt shows that its titania occurs in ulvospinel whereas titania in Robinson's (1969) basalts occurs in ilmenite. These factors suggest that this basalt is a feeder dike for Grande Ronde Basalts of the Columbia River Basalt Group.</p> <p>Oil and gas shows in an oil well and water wells drilled in and near Fossil and a soil hydrocarbon anomaly reported by Sidle and Richers (1985) suggest the possible presence of petroleum in the subsurface. Besides the Fossil Dome, several other possible petroleum traps are present.</p>","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Riseley, Patrick W."],"institution":null,"degree_name":"Master of Science (MS)","degree_level":"Thesis","degree_discipline":"Geology","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Lanny H. Fisk","H. Paul Buchheim","Ivan G. Holmes"],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":1989,"date_issued":"1989-06-01T07:00:00Z","date_published":"1989-06-01T07:00:00Z","updated_at":"2026-07-24T02:52:59Z","subjects":["Geology","Geology -- Oregon -- Wheeler County"],"languages":["English"],"rights":["This title appears here courtesy of the author, who has granted Loma Linda University a limited, non-exclusive right to make this publication available to the public. The author retains all other copyrights."],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"https://scholarsrepository.llu.edu/etd/1011","outbound_label":"Repository record","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Lanny H. Fisk","H. Paul Buchheim","Ivan G. Holmes"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Riseley, Patrick W."]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Geology"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Thesis"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["Master of Science (MS)"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Geology","Geology -- Oregon -- Wheeler County"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language","label":"Dc Language","values":["English"]},{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["This title appears here courtesy of the author, who has granted Loma Linda University a limited, non-exclusive right to make this publication available to the public. The author retains all other copyrights."]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["https://scholarsrepository.llu.edu/etd/1011"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description.abstract","label":"Abstract","values":["The area of study is located on the north flank of the northeast-southwest trending Blue Mountains Anticlinorium in north-central Oregon. The primary geologic problems investigated were: 1) the age and stratigraphic position of leaf-bearing tufts mapped as Oligo-Miocene John Day Formation but surrounded by andesitic basalts of the Eo-Oligocene Clarno Formation, 2) the age of \"olivine basalt\" mapped as John Day Formation by some workers but referred to the Clarno Formation by others, and 3) the petroleum potential of the Fossil area.
To resolve these three problems I mapped a 25 square mile area surrounding Fossil at 1 :24,000 scale. This detailed mapping revealed that the leaf-bearing shales of the John Day Formation are exposed along the axes of two narrow synclines separated from John Day Formation outcrops to the north by a breached dome, herein named the Fossil Dome. The John Day leaf-bearing shales directly overly Clarno andesitic basalt.
Petrography and x-ray diffraction of rocks mapped by Robinson (1975) as John Day Formation \"olivine basalt\" demonstrate that it is a rhyodacite porphyry containing pigeonite and a high alkali content. In mesoscopic view the rhyodacite porphyry resembles and is probably genetically related to rhyodacite flows and intrusions on Black Butte to the west.
A high-titania olivine basalt dike found at the western edge of the map area is similar to basalt described by Robinson (1969) as part of the John Day Formation. However, this basalt crosscuts John Day stratigraphy and was dated at 15.5 +/- 0.8 M.Y. In addition, an x-ray diffraction pattern of the basalt shows that its titania occurs in ulvospinel whereas titania in Robinson's (1969) basalts occurs in ilmenite. These factors suggest that this basalt is a feeder dike for Grande Ronde Basalts of the Columbia River Basalt Group.
Oil and gas shows in an oil well and water wells drilled in and near Fossil and a soil hydrocarbon anomaly reported by Sidle and Richers (1985) suggest the possible presence of petroleum in the subsurface. Besides the Fossil Dome, several other possible petroleum traps are present.
"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Geology in the Vicinity of the City of Fossil, Wheeler County, North-Central Oregon"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor":["Lanny H. Fisk","H. Paul Buchheim","Ivan G. Holmes"],"dc:creator":["Riseley, Patrick W."],"dc:description.abstract":["The area of study is located on the north flank of the northeast-southwest trending Blue Mountains Anticlinorium in north-central Oregon. The primary geologic problems investigated were: 1) the age and stratigraphic position of leaf-bearing tufts mapped as Oligo-Miocene John Day Formation but surrounded by andesitic basalts of the Eo-Oligocene Clarno Formation, 2) the age of \"olivine basalt\" mapped as John Day Formation by some workers but referred to the Clarno Formation by others, and 3) the petroleum potential of the Fossil area.
To resolve these three problems I mapped a 25 square mile area surrounding Fossil at 1 :24,000 scale. This detailed mapping revealed that the leaf-bearing shales of the John Day Formation are exposed along the axes of two narrow synclines separated from John Day Formation outcrops to the north by a breached dome, herein named the Fossil Dome. The John Day leaf-bearing shales directly overly Clarno andesitic basalt.
Petrography and x-ray diffraction of rocks mapped by Robinson (1975) as John Day Formation \"olivine basalt\" demonstrate that it is a rhyodacite porphyry containing pigeonite and a high alkali content. In mesoscopic view the rhyodacite porphyry resembles and is probably genetically related to rhyodacite flows and intrusions on Black Butte to the west.
A high-titania olivine basalt dike found at the western edge of the map area is similar to basalt described by Robinson (1969) as part of the John Day Formation. However, this basalt crosscuts John Day stratigraphy and was dated at 15.5 +/- 0.8 M.Y. In addition, an x-ray diffraction pattern of the basalt shows that its titania occurs in ulvospinel whereas titania in Robinson's (1969) basalts occurs in ilmenite. These factors suggest that this basalt is a feeder dike for Grande Ronde Basalts of the Columbia River Basalt Group.
Oil and gas shows in an oil well and water wells drilled in and near Fossil and a soil hydrocarbon anomaly reported by Sidle and Richers (1985) suggest the possible presence of petroleum in the subsurface. Besides the Fossil Dome, several other possible petroleum traps are present.
"],"dc:identifier":["https://scholarsrepository.llu.edu/etd/1011"],"dc:language":["English"],"dc:rights":["This title appears here courtesy of the author, who has granted Loma Linda University a limited, non-exclusive right to make this publication available to the public. The author retains all other copyrights."],"dc:subject":["Geology","Geology -- Oregon -- Wheeler County"],"dc:title":["Geology in the Vicinity of the City of Fossil, Wheeler County, North-Central Oregon"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Geology"],"thesis:degree_level":["Thesis"],"thesis:degree_name":["Master of Science (MS)"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-24T02:52:59Z"}