BACKGROUND: Chronic motion sensitivity (CMS) has been defined as a feeling of un-wellness elicited by either actual or perceived motion. CMS is a common condition and is more prevalent in females than in males. In addition to a variety of symptoms, young adults with CMS have less postural stability than those without CMS. OBJECTIVE: To determine whether vestibular system integrity, dependence on visual cues for postural stability, and the anxiety level are different between young adults with and without CMS, and whether it differs by gender within each group. METHODS: Sixty young adults (30 females and 30 males) were assigned to one of two groups (CMS or non-CMS) using the Motion Sickness Susceptibility Questionnaire-Short Form (MSSQ-SF). Postural stability was measured for all participants using the Bertec Balance Advantage–Computerized Dynamic Posturography with Immersion Virtual Reality (CDP-IVR). State and trait anxiety inventory (STAI) used to measure the presence and severity of current state and general trait of anxiety. RESULTS: There was no significant difference in mean postural stability during eyes closed and unstable platform between the CMS and non-CMS groups (p=0.57). However, A significant difference was found in mean postural stability scores during immersion virtual reality (IVR) between the CMS and non-CMS groups (p
Keywords: motion sensitivity, vestibular system integrity, visual input, Anxiety, postural stability
","abstract_html":"<p>BACKGROUND: Chronic motion sensitivity (CMS) has been defined as a feeling of un-wellness elicited by either actual or perceived motion. CMS is a common condition and is more prevalent in females than in males. In addition to a variety of symptoms, young adults with CMS have less postural stability than those without CMS. OBJECTIVE: To determine whether vestibular system integrity, dependence on visual cues for postural stability, and the anxiety level are different between young adults with and without CMS, and whether it differs by gender within each group. METHODS: Sixty young adults (30 females and 30 males) were assigned to one of two groups (CMS or non-CMS) using the Motion Sickness Susceptibility Questionnaire-Short Form (MSSQ-SF). Postural stability was measured for all participants using the Bertec Balance Advantage–Computerized Dynamic Posturography with Immersion Virtual Reality (CDP-IVR). State and trait anxiety inventory (STAI) used to measure the presence and severity of current state and general trait of anxiety. RESULTS: There was no significant difference in mean postural stability during eyes closed and unstable platform between the CMS and non-CMS groups (p=0.57). However, A significant difference was found in mean postural stability scores during immersion virtual reality (IVR) between the CMS and non-CMS groups (p</p> <p>Keywords: motion sensitivity, vestibular system integrity, visual input, Anxiety, postural stability</p>","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Alharbi, Ahmad A."],"institution":null,"degree_name":"Doctor of Science (DSc)","degree_level":"Dissertation","degree_discipline":"Physical Therapy","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Johnson, Eric","Cordett, Tim","Daher, Noha S."],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2017,"date_issued":"2017-06-01T07:00:00Z","date_published":"2017-06-01T07:00:00Z","updated_at":"2026-07-24T02:52:45Z","subjects":["Medicine and Health Sciences","Physical Therapy","Rehabilitation and Therapy","Postural Balance; Sensitivity and Specificity; Range of Motion; Vestibular Function Tests","Chronic Motion Sensitivity","Postural stability","Motion Sickness Susceptibility Questionnaire","Bertec Balance Advantage-Computerized Dynamic Posturography with Immersion Virtual Reality"],"languages":["English"],"rights":["This title appears here courtesy of the author, who has granted Loma Linda University a limited, non-exclusive right to make this publication available to the public. The author retains all other copyrights."],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"https://scholarsrepository.llu.edu/etd/487","outbound_label":"Repository record","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Johnson, Eric","Cordett, Tim","Daher, Noha S."]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Alharbi, Ahmad A."]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"thesis:degree_discipline","label":"Discipline","values":["Physical Therapy"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_level","label":"Degree Level","values":["Dissertation"]},{"key":"thesis:degree_name","label":"Degree Name","values":["Doctor of Science (DSc)"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Medicine and Health Sciences","Physical Therapy","Rehabilitation and Therapy","Postural Balance; Sensitivity and Specificity; Range of Motion; Vestibular Function Tests","Chronic Motion Sensitivity","Postural stability","Motion Sickness Susceptibility Questionnaire","Bertec Balance Advantage-Computerized Dynamic Posturography with Immersion Virtual Reality"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language","label":"Dc Language","values":["English"]},{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["This title appears here courtesy of the author, who has granted Loma Linda University a limited, non-exclusive right to make this publication available to the public. The author retains all other copyrights."]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["https://scholarsrepository.llu.edu/etd/487"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description.abstract","label":"Abstract","values":["BACKGROUND: Chronic motion sensitivity (CMS) has been defined as a feeling of un-wellness elicited by either actual or perceived motion. CMS is a common condition and is more prevalent in females than in males. In addition to a variety of symptoms, young adults with CMS have less postural stability than those without CMS. OBJECTIVE: To determine whether vestibular system integrity, dependence on visual cues for postural stability, and the anxiety level are different between young adults with and without CMS, and whether it differs by gender within each group. METHODS: Sixty young adults (30 females and 30 males) were assigned to one of two groups (CMS or non-CMS) using the Motion Sickness Susceptibility Questionnaire-Short Form (MSSQ-SF). Postural stability was measured for all participants using the Bertec Balance Advantage–Computerized Dynamic Posturography with Immersion Virtual Reality (CDP-IVR). State and trait anxiety inventory (STAI) used to measure the presence and severity of current state and general trait of anxiety. RESULTS: There was no significant difference in mean postural stability during eyes closed and unstable platform between the CMS and non-CMS groups (p=0.57). However, A significant difference was found in mean postural stability scores during immersion virtual reality (IVR) between the CMS and non-CMS groups (p
Keywords: motion sensitivity, vestibular system integrity, visual input, Anxiety, postural stability
"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Relationship between Vestibular System, Vision, Anxiety, and Chronic Motion Sensitivity"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor":["Johnson, Eric","Cordett, Tim","Daher, Noha S."],"dc:creator":["Alharbi, Ahmad A."],"dc:description.abstract":["BACKGROUND: Chronic motion sensitivity (CMS) has been defined as a feeling of un-wellness elicited by either actual or perceived motion. CMS is a common condition and is more prevalent in females than in males. In addition to a variety of symptoms, young adults with CMS have less postural stability than those without CMS. OBJECTIVE: To determine whether vestibular system integrity, dependence on visual cues for postural stability, and the anxiety level are different between young adults with and without CMS, and whether it differs by gender within each group. METHODS: Sixty young adults (30 females and 30 males) were assigned to one of two groups (CMS or non-CMS) using the Motion Sickness Susceptibility Questionnaire-Short Form (MSSQ-SF). Postural stability was measured for all participants using the Bertec Balance Advantage–Computerized Dynamic Posturography with Immersion Virtual Reality (CDP-IVR). State and trait anxiety inventory (STAI) used to measure the presence and severity of current state and general trait of anxiety. RESULTS: There was no significant difference in mean postural stability during eyes closed and unstable platform between the CMS and non-CMS groups (p=0.57). However, A significant difference was found in mean postural stability scores during immersion virtual reality (IVR) between the CMS and non-CMS groups (p
Keywords: motion sensitivity, vestibular system integrity, visual input, Anxiety, postural stability
"],"dc:identifier":["https://scholarsrepository.llu.edu/etd/487"],"dc:language":["English"],"dc:rights":["This title appears here courtesy of the author, who has granted Loma Linda University a limited, non-exclusive right to make this publication available to the public. The author retains all other copyrights."],"dc:subject":["Medicine and Health Sciences","Physical Therapy","Rehabilitation and Therapy","Postural Balance; Sensitivity and Specificity; Range of Motion; Vestibular Function Tests","Chronic Motion Sensitivity","Postural stability","Motion Sickness Susceptibility Questionnaire","Bertec Balance Advantage-Computerized Dynamic Posturography with Immersion Virtual Reality"],"dc:title":["Relationship between Vestibular System, Vision, Anxiety, and Chronic Motion Sensitivity"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Physical Therapy"],"thesis:degree_level":["Dissertation"],"thesis:degree_name":["Doctor of Science (DSc)"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-24T02:52:45Z"}