{"id":{"repo_id":"loma-linda","oai_identifier":"oai:scholarsrepository.llu.edu:etd-1129"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/loma-linda/oai:scholarsrepository.llu.edu:etd-1129","repository":{"repo_id":"loma-linda","name":"Loma Linda University","base_url":"https://scholarsrepository.llu.edu/do/oai/"},"display":{"title":"Comparison between Ceph Analysis on Lateral Cephs, CBCT Scans, and MRI Scans","abstract":"Introduction: Most current methods of obtaining images for orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning involve the use of ionizing radiation. Given that patients often need records taken several times during treatment, an alternative should be found that does not involve ionizing radiation. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) exists as a possible alternative. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to compare cephalometric measurements obtained from lateral cephs, cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans, and MR scans. Methods: Lateral cephs, CBCTs, and MRIs were taken on 22 patients. 3 separate readers traced the images and the data was analyzed using Bland-Altman plots. Results: The Bland-Altman plots indicated that the correlation between the imaging methods varied depending on the measurement. The agreement varied from very good to statistically significant bias. However, the bias was judged to have been within normal limits for cephalometric tracing error. Conclusion: Under the conditions of this study, there were statistically significant differences in some of the cephalometric measurements. However, the differences were not clinically significant. This suggests that cephalometric data obtained from MRIs can be used for the purposes of orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning.","abstract_html":"Introduction: Most current methods of obtaining images for orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning involve the use of ionizing radiation. Given that patients often need records taken several times during treatment, an alternative should be found that does not involve ionizing radiation. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) exists as a possible alternative. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to compare cephalometric measurements obtained from lateral cephs, cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans, and MR scans. Methods: Lateral cephs, CBCTs, and MRIs were taken on 22 patients. 3 separate readers traced the images and the data was analyzed using Bland-Altman plots. Results: The Bland-Altman plots indicated that the correlation between the imaging methods varied depending on the measurement. The agreement varied from very good to statistically significant bias. However, the bias was judged to have been within normal limits for cephalometric tracing error. Conclusion: Under the conditions of this study, there were statistically significant differences in some of the cephalometric measurements. However, the differences were not clinically significant. This suggests that cephalometric data obtained from MRIs can be used for the purposes of orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Lam, Jeffrey W."],"institution":null,"degree_name":"Master of Science (MS)","degree_level":"Thesis","degree_discipline":"Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics","degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Leggitt, V. Leroy","Farrage, James","Neufeld, Roland","Olson, Gregory"],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2013,"date_issued":"2013-09-01T07:00:00Z","date_published":"2013-09-01T07:00:00Z","updated_at":"2026-07-24T02:52:15Z","subjects":["Orthodontics and Orthodontology","Other Dentistry","Cone-Beam Computed Tomography; Tomography Scanner, X-ray Computed; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Radiography, Dental, Digital; Orthodontics, Corrective; Malocclusion - diagnosis","Cone beam computed tomography","magnetic resonance imaging","Lateral cephalogram","Orthodontic diagnosis","Cephalometric measurements","Ionizing radiation"],"languages":["English"],"rights":["This title appears here courtesy of the author, who has granted Loma Linda University a limited, non-exclusive right to make this publication available to the public. The author retains all other copyrights."],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"https://scholarsrepository.llu.edu/etd/130","outbound_label":"Repository record","outbound_source":"dc:identifier"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Leggitt, V. 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The author retains all other copyrights."]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier","label":"Identifier","values":["https://scholarsrepository.llu.edu/etd/130"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description.abstract","label":"Abstract","values":["Introduction: Most current methods of obtaining images for orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning involve the use of ionizing radiation. Given that patients often need records taken several times during treatment, an alternative should be found that does not involve ionizing radiation. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) exists as a possible alternative. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to compare cephalometric measurements obtained from lateral cephs, cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans, and MR scans. Methods: Lateral cephs, CBCTs, and MRIs were taken on 22 patients. 3 separate readers traced the images and the data was analyzed using Bland-Altman plots. Results: The Bland-Altman plots indicated that the correlation between the imaging methods varied depending on the measurement. The agreement varied from very good to statistically significant bias. However, the bias was judged to have been within normal limits for cephalometric tracing error. Conclusion: Under the conditions of this study, there were statistically significant differences in some of the cephalometric measurements. However, the differences were not clinically significant. This suggests that cephalometric data obtained from MRIs can be used for the purposes of orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning."]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Comparison between Ceph Analysis on Lateral Cephs, CBCT Scans, and MRI Scans"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor":["Leggitt, V. Leroy","Farrage, James","Neufeld, Roland","Olson, Gregory"],"dc:creator":["Lam, Jeffrey W."],"dc:description.abstract":["Introduction: Most current methods of obtaining images for orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning involve the use of ionizing radiation. Given that patients often need records taken several times during treatment, an alternative should be found that does not involve ionizing radiation. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) exists as a possible alternative. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to compare cephalometric measurements obtained from lateral cephs, cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans, and MR scans. Methods: Lateral cephs, CBCTs, and MRIs were taken on 22 patients. 3 separate readers traced the images and the data was analyzed using Bland-Altman plots. Results: The Bland-Altman plots indicated that the correlation between the imaging methods varied depending on the measurement. The agreement varied from very good to statistically significant bias. However, the bias was judged to have been within normal limits for cephalometric tracing error. Conclusion: Under the conditions of this study, there were statistically significant differences in some of the cephalometric measurements. However, the differences were not clinically significant. This suggests that cephalometric data obtained from MRIs can be used for the purposes of orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning."],"dc:identifier":["https://scholarsrepository.llu.edu/etd/130"],"dc:language":["English"],"dc:rights":["This title appears here courtesy of the author, who has granted Loma Linda University a limited, non-exclusive right to make this publication available to the public. The author retains all other copyrights."],"dc:subject":["Orthodontics and Orthodontology","Other Dentistry","Cone-Beam Computed Tomography; Tomography Scanner, X-ray Computed; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Radiography, Dental, Digital; Orthodontics, Corrective; Malocclusion - diagnosis","Cone beam computed tomography","magnetic resonance imaging","Lateral cephalogram","Orthodontic diagnosis","Cephalometric measurements","Ionizing radiation"],"dc:title":["Comparison between Ceph Analysis on Lateral Cephs, CBCT Scans, and MRI Scans"],"thesis:degree_discipline":["Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics"],"thesis:degree_level":["Thesis"],"thesis:degree_name":["Master of Science (MS)"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-24T02:52:15Z"}