Modell der mutterlosen Aufzucht von Hundewelpen zur Wirksamkeitsprüfung probiotischer Substanzen
This study aimed at establishing a method for checking the efficacy of probiotic substances in beagle puppies, in accordance with the requirements of the Guidelines for the assessment of micro-organisms in the animal categories dogs, cats and horses of the European Commission of October 2000. The orphan rearing of neonatal puppies was chosen as trial method, the only method to ensure avoidance of interindividual differences such as quality and quantity of mother milk. Another advantage is exact standardisation by exact prerequisites (time of weaning, type and frequency of feeding, keeping facilities, sample collection, choice of parameter, methods of analysis). In two different feeding trials with beagle puppies (duration 14 weeks) the efficacy of the prebiotic substance Lactoferrin (n=23) and of the probiotic bacteria Enterococcus faecium (n=12) on neonatal organisms was analysed. It has become clear that the general status of the puppies could be sufficiently assessed by general clinical parameters (clinical examination, food intake, weight development, quantity and consistency of faeces, blood parameter). As far as these parameters could be determined based on scoring systems, they contributed to the assessment of the substances as so-called “supporting data“. The specific parameters directly related to the probiotic action that could be established in this model are, among others, ph analysis, ammonia and lactate determination as well as microbiological analyses of faeces. Furthermore gut wall samples of duodenum and colon could be taken for immunohistochemical analysis. Antioxidative and immunmodulatory effects were assessed by means of determining trolox equivalent antioxidative capacity, vitamine E and C, uric acid, bilirubin, free ferrum, lactate, CK and GOT, the overall content of IgG and IgA, and the specific content of antibodies against humane serumalbumine in plasma. The two feeding experiments show what principles can be applied for examining the effect of prebiotically or probiotically effective substances in small animals by means of scientific standards for carrying out experiments, documenting and analysing them. Thus these experiments provide a basis for appropriate application of minimum quality standards in examining these substances, according to the requirements of the European Commission in October 2000.
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