Morphologische Grundlagen für ein Forward-Dynamik-Modell der Schultergliedmaße des Deutschen Schäferhundes und invers dynamische Untersuchungen zu den gelenkresultierenden Kräften der großen Gliedmaßengelenke

The forces in the limb joints in the dog were investigated for the first time in the German Shepherd. The main focus lay on the joints of the forelimb, as these have been hardly investigated so far. But also the joint forces of the joints of the hind limb were demonstrated. Additionally the foundations for a forward dynamic model were developed for the forelimb. The study constitutes two parts. The aim of the first part was to develop the foundations for a forward dynamic model. For that reason the skeletal muscles of the forelimb as well as the shoulder girdle musculature of five German Shepherds were analysed. The length of the fibres, the weight and the angle of pennation for the muscle fibers were used to determine the physiological cross-section area. Individual extensive muscles of the shoulder girdle musculature were divided into various portions, for a better determination of the lines of actions for these muscles. The coordinates of the muscles various points of origin and insertion were measured on the skeleton of a German Shepherd. The straight line of these skeletal points were determined as action lines, in order to calculate the moment arm of the muscles. The physiological cross-section areas of the according muscles of the investigated dogs were significantly different in size. This is probably due to the different constitution of the dogs, in both the nutritional status and the condition. In the second part of the study the vertical and horizontal net joint forces and the moments of the limbs joints in a German Shepherd were analysed with the invert dynamic model. In order to determine the forces and moments, the data of the gait analysis coupled with the ground reaction forces and the inertial parameters of the individual limb segments were necessary. Furthermore the displacement of the superficial markers, which were attached to the skin were measured during the gait analysis. The net joint forces are greater in all of the joints of the forelimb than compared to those in the hindlimb. When the vertical net joint forces were taken into consideration the forces of the forelimb were even twice has large. Due to the positioning of the body’s centre of gravity closer to the forelimbs, these carry a greater load, which explains the greater forces in the joints of the forelimb. The horizontal forces in both limbs show a biphasic course. The time interval of the decelerating and accelerating forces are near to the same size. It also appears that the forelimb seems to slightly slow down the forward motion, as the decelerating forces are greater than the accelerating forces. The moments are also greater in the forelimb than in the hindlimb.

Level thesis:degree_level

thesis.doctoral

Grantor dc:publisher

Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität

Year

2003

Author dc:creator

• Saeglitz, Julia

Repository record source_url

https://edoc.ub.uni-muenchen.de/1289/

OAI identifier oai:identifier

oai:edoc.ub.uni-muenchen.de:1289