{"id":{"repo_id":"liverpool-jm","oai_identifier":"oai:researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk:4571"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/liverpool-jm/oai:researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk:4571","repository":{"repo_id":"liverpool-jm","name":"Liverpool Jon Moores University","base_url":"https://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/cgi/oai2"},"display":{"title":"''ARROWMAN'' : an analysis of a possible medieval cold case from Poulton, Cheshire","abstract":"A bodkin arrowhead was recovered from within the thorax of a human skeleton (SK535) from the medieval cemetery at Poulton, Cheshire. This skeleton was a single burial with an east-west orientation. The skeleton had an unusual burial position with the right arm flexed at the elbow and the antebrachium crossing the thorax. The left arm was in the more usual extended position. A metal object was recovered from under the right arm within the thorax. This was identified as a Type M7 bodkin arrowhead, likely 12th or 13th century. The arrowhead was conserved at the Metals Department, Conservation Centre, Liverpool. Radiocarbon dates the skeleton as most likely 1280AD – 1320AD AND 1350AD – 1390AD which is in agreement with the probable age range for the arrowhead. Osteological examinations estimated that SK535 was an adult male with an age at death of 35-39 years of age and a stature of 1.68m. The only pathology observed was a well healed fracture of the right distal ulna. The individual represented by SK535 could have been wounded by an arrow carrying the Type M7 bodkin arrowhead, possibly during the English-Welsh border skirmishes during this period.","abstract_html":"A bodkin arrowhead was recovered from within the thorax of a human skeleton (SK535) from the medieval cemetery at Poulton, Cheshire. This skeleton was a single burial with an east-west orientation. The skeleton had an unusual burial position with the right arm flexed at the elbow and the antebrachium crossing the thorax. The left arm was in the more usual extended position. A metal object was recovered from under the right arm within the thorax. This was identified as a Type M7 bodkin arrowhead, likely 12th or 13th century. The arrowhead was conserved at the Metals Department, Conservation Centre, Liverpool. Radiocarbon dates the skeleton as most likely 1280AD – 1320AD AND 1350AD – 1390AD which is in agreement with the probable age range for the arrowhead. Osteological examinations estimated that SK535 was an adult male with an age at death of 35-39 years of age and a stature of 1.68m. The only pathology observed was a well healed fracture of the right distal ulna. The individual represented by SK535 could have been wounded by an arrow carrying the Type M7 bodkin arrowhead, possibly during the English-Welsh border skirmishes during this period.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Canavan, Sara"],"institution":"Liverpool John Moores University","degree_name":"mphil","degree_level":"masters","degree_discipline":null,"degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":["Ohman, James","Gonzalez, Silvia","Emery, Mike"],"advisors":[],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2014,"date_issued":"2014","date_published":"2014","updated_at":"2026-07-24T06:30:03Z","subjects":["CB History of civilization","CC Archaeology"],"languages":[],"rights":[],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[]},"links":{"outbound_url":"https://doi.org/10.24377/LJMU.t.00004571","outbound_label":"DOI","outbound_source":"dc:identifier.doi"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor","label":"Contributor","values":["Ohman, James","Gonzalez, Silvia","Emery, Mike"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Canavan, Sara"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date","label":"Dc Date","values":["2014"]},{"key":"dc:date.issued","label":"Date","values":["2014"]},{"key":"dc:publisher.department","label":"Dc Publisher Department","values":["Natural Sciences and Psychology (closed 31 Aug 19)","Faculty of Science"]},{"key":"dc:publisher.institution","label":"Dc Publisher Institution","values":["Liverpool John Moores University"]},{"key":"dc:relation.isreferencedby","label":"Dc Relation Isreferencedby","values":["https://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/id/eprint/4571/"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["Thesis"]},{"key":"dc:type.qualificationlevel","label":"Dc Type Qualificationlevel","values":["masters"]},{"key":"dc:type.qualificationname","label":"Dc Type Qualificationname","values":["mphil"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["CB History of civilization","CC Archaeology"]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier.doi","label":"DOI","values":["10.24377/LJMU.t.00004571"]},{"key":"dc:identifier.uri","label":"Identifier URI","values":["https://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/id/eprint/4571/1/157535_Arrowman-%20Sara%20Canavan.pdf"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description.abstract","label":"Abstract","values":["A bodkin arrowhead was recovered from within the thorax of a human skeleton (SK535) from the medieval cemetery at Poulton, Cheshire. This skeleton was a single burial with an east-west orientation. The skeleton had an unusual burial position with the right arm flexed at the elbow and the antebrachium crossing the thorax. The left arm was in the more usual extended position. A metal object was recovered from under the right arm within the thorax. This was identified as a Type M7 bodkin arrowhead, likely 12th or 13th century. The arrowhead was conserved at the Metals Department, Conservation Centre, Liverpool. Radiocarbon dates the skeleton as most likely 1280AD – 1320AD AND 1350AD – 1390AD which is in agreement with the probable age range for the arrowhead. Osteological examinations estimated that SK535 was an adult male with an age at death of 35-39 years of age and a stature of 1.68m. The only pathology observed was a well healed fracture of the right distal ulna. The individual represented by SK535 could have been wounded by an arrow carrying the Type M7 bodkin arrowhead, possibly during the English-Welsh border skirmishes during this period."]},{"key":"dc:format","label":"Dc Format","values":["text"]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["''ARROWMAN'' : an analysis of a possible medieval cold case from Poulton, Cheshire"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor":["Ohman, James","Gonzalez, Silvia","Emery, Mike"],"dc:creator":["Canavan, Sara"],"dc:date":["2014"],"dc:date.issued":["2014"],"dc:description.abstract":["A bodkin arrowhead was recovered from within the thorax of a human skeleton (SK535) from the medieval cemetery at Poulton, Cheshire. This skeleton was a single burial with an east-west orientation. The skeleton had an unusual burial position with the right arm flexed at the elbow and the antebrachium crossing the thorax. The left arm was in the more usual extended position. A metal object was recovered from under the right arm within the thorax. This was identified as a Type M7 bodkin arrowhead, likely 12th or 13th century. The arrowhead was conserved at the Metals Department, Conservation Centre, Liverpool. Radiocarbon dates the skeleton as most likely 1280AD – 1320AD AND 1350AD – 1390AD which is in agreement with the probable age range for the arrowhead. Osteological examinations estimated that SK535 was an adult male with an age at death of 35-39 years of age and a stature of 1.68m. The only pathology observed was a well healed fracture of the right distal ulna. The individual represented by SK535 could have been wounded by an arrow carrying the Type M7 bodkin arrowhead, possibly during the English-Welsh border skirmishes during this period."],"dc:format":["text"],"dc:identifier.doi":["10.24377/LJMU.t.00004571"],"dc:identifier.uri":["https://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/id/eprint/4571/1/157535_Arrowman-%20Sara%20Canavan.pdf"],"dc:publisher.department":["Natural Sciences and Psychology (closed 31 Aug 19)","Faculty of Science"],"dc:publisher.institution":["Liverpool John Moores University"],"dc:relation.isreferencedby":["https://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/id/eprint/4571/"],"dc:subject":["CB History of civilization","CC Archaeology"],"dc:title":["''ARROWMAN'' : an analysis of a possible medieval cold case from Poulton, Cheshire"],"dc:type":["Thesis"],"dc:type.qualificationlevel":["masters"],"dc:type.qualificationname":["mphil"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-24T06:30:03Z"}