CARDIOVASCULAR CONSEQUENCES AFTER SPINAL CORD INJURY AND THE EFFECTS OF ELECTRICAL STIMULATION
type: CreativeWork
description: A spinal cord injury (SCI) is an extremely complex condition and is associated with numerous adverse health complications. One concern in particular is an increased prevalence and risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Cardiovascular disease, which encompasses pathologies of the heart and vascular tree, is one of the leading causes of morbidity and premature mortality in this population. Current clinical practice guidelines for CVD risk estimation in SCI use traditional cardiovascular risk factors and risk algorithms validated in able-bodied populations. However, despite the increased prevalence of CVD in people with SCI, research has demonstrated no difference in traditional cardiovascular risk factors when compared to the able-bodied population. The aim of Chapter 3 was to explore whether traditional models of CVD risk prediction are accurate in estimating CVD events in people with SCI. Firstly, this study used retrospective data from 200 individuals with a SCI to prospectively estimate their 5-year risk of developing CVD using the FRS. The difference in clinical outcomes of individuals with a below median FRS (1.36%) were compared to individuals with an above median FRS (>1.36%) using Kaplan-Meier curves and log-rank test. The end point was defined as either a CVD event or CVD mortality. Across the 5-year period, 39 (19.5%) participants developed a CVD event, 10 of which were fatalities. The log-rank test demonstrated that individuals with >median FRS vs. <median FRS had a 3.2 fold greater risk for developing a CVD event. Secondly, this study used receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC) with corresponding area under the curve (AUC) to explore the prognostic accuracy of the FRS in being able to predict CVD events in people with SCI. The ROC-AUC suggests acceptable accuracy of the FRS in identifying individuals with increased risk for CVD events (ROC-AUC of 0.71, 95% CI 0.62-0.82). Finally, SCI-related factors were explored using univariate cox proportional …
abstract: A spinal cord injury (SCI) is an extremely complex condition and is associated with numerous adverse health complications. One concern in particular is an increased prevalence and risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Cardiovascular disease, which encompasses pathologies of the heart and vascular tree, is one of the leading causes of morbidity and premature mortality in this population. Current clinical practice guidelines for CVD risk estimation in SCI use traditional cardiovascular risk factors and risk algorithms validated in able-bodied populations. However, despite the increased prevalence of CVD in people with SCI, research has demonstrated no difference in traditional cardiovascular risk factors when compared to the able-bodied population. The aim of Chapter 3 was to explore whether traditional models of CVD risk prediction are accurate in estimating CVD events in people with SCI. Firstly, this study used retrospective data from 200 individuals with a SCI to prospectively estimate their 5-year risk of developing CVD using the FRS. The difference in clinical outcomes of individuals with a below median FRS (1.36%) were compared to individuals with an above median FRS (>1.36%) using Kaplan-Meier curves and log-rank test. The end point was defined as either a CVD event or CVD mortality. Across the 5-year period, 39 (19.5%) participants developed a CVD event, 10 of which were fatalities. The log-rank test demonstrated that individuals with >median FRS vs. <median FRS had a 3.2 fold greater risk for developing a CVD event. Secondly, this study used receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC) with corresponding area under the curve (AUC) to explore the prognostic accuracy of the FRS in being able to predict CVD events in people with SCI. The ROC-AUC suggests acceptable accuracy of the FRS in identifying individuals with increased risk for CVD events (ROC-AUC of 0.71, 95% CI 0.62-0.82). Finally, SCI-related factors were explored using univariate cox proportional …
author: Barton, T
keywords: RC1200 Sports Medicine
date published: 2019-06
date modified: 2026-07-24T06:30:28Z
provider: Liverpool Jon Moores University
publisher: Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations
type: WebPage
source organization: Liverpool John Moores University

PropertyValue
property ID: DOI
value: 10.24377/LJMU.t.00010902