{"id":{"repo_id":"ku","oai_identifier":"oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/38631"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/ku/oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/38631","repository":{"repo_id":"ku","name":"University of Kansas","base_url":"https://kuscholarworks.ku.edu/server/oai/request"},"display":{"title":"The Structure of Depression: Examining the Contribution of Somatic Symptoms to Depression in a Nationally Representative Sample","abstract":"Depression is often measured as a sum score of how often a person experiences cognitive, affective, and somatic symptoms. Though this is an easy and effective way to determine the severity of a person’s depression, it may not account for the contribution of certain symptoms of depression. The aim of this study was to examine the unique contribution of somatic symptoms to the etiology of Depression in a representative sample of the United States using Structural Equation Modeling. By examining measures of anxiety and depression collected from the National Health Institute Survey, I was able to test multiple hypothesized models of anxiety and depression. When examining somatic symptoms as a separate factor of depression, I found that those symptoms have a unique contribution to the measurement of depression and have a unique relationship with outcome variables including the use of mental health treatment.","abstract_html":"Depression is often measured as a sum score of how often a person experiences cognitive, affective, and somatic symptoms. Though this is an easy and effective way to determine the severity of a person’s depression, it may not account for the contribution of certain symptoms of depression. The aim of this study was to examine the unique contribution of somatic symptoms to the etiology of Depression in a representative sample of the United States using Structural Equation Modeling. By examining measures of anxiety and depression collected from the National Health Institute Survey, I was able to test multiple hypothesized models of anxiety and depression. When examining somatic symptoms as a separate factor of depression, I found that those symptoms have a unique contribution to the measurement of depression and have a unique relationship with outcome variables including the use of mental health treatment.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Fulton, Joseph"],"institution":"University of Kansas","degree_name":null,"degree_level":null,"degree_discipline":null,"degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":[],"advisors":["Ingram, Rick"],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2023,"date_issued":"2023-01-01","date_published":"2023-01-01","updated_at":"2026-07-24T02:46:40Z","subjects":["Clinical psychology","depression","NHIS","somatic","structural equation model"],"languages":["en"],"rights":["Copyright held by the author."],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier.other","label":"Dc Identifier Other","values":["http://dissertations.umi.com/ku:19156"],"render_values":[{"text":"http://dissertations.umi.com/ku:19156","href":"http://dissertations.umi.com/ku:19156","code":true}]}]},"links":{"outbound_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/1808/38631","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier.uri"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor.advisor","label":"Advisor","values":["Ingram, Rick"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Fulton, Joseph"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date.accessioned","label":"Dc Date Accessioned","values":["2026-04-24T15:50:35Z"]},{"key":"dc:date.available","label":"Dc Date Available","values":["2026-04-24T15:50:35Z"]},{"key":"dc:date.issued","label":"Date","values":["2023-01-01"]},{"key":"dc:publisher","label":"Institution","values":["University of Kansas"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["Dissertation"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Clinical psychology","depression","NHIS","somatic","structural equation model"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language.iso","label":"Language (ISO)","values":["en"]},{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["Copyright held by the author."]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier.other","label":"Dc Identifier Other","values":["http://dissertations.umi.com/ku:19156"]},{"key":"dc:identifier.uri","label":"Identifier URI","values":["https://hdl.handle.net/1808/38631"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description.abstract","label":"Abstract","values":["Depression is often measured as a sum score of how often a person experiences cognitive, affective, and somatic symptoms. Though this is an easy and effective way to determine the severity of a person’s depression, it may not account for the contribution of certain symptoms of depression. The aim of this study was to examine the unique contribution of somatic symptoms to the etiology of Depression in a representative sample of the United States using Structural Equation Modeling. By examining measures of anxiety and depression collected from the National Health Institute Survey, I was able to test multiple hypothesized models of anxiety and depression. When examining somatic symptoms as a separate factor of depression, I found that those symptoms have a unique contribution to the measurement of depression and have a unique relationship with outcome variables including the use of mental health treatment."]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["The Structure of Depression: Examining the Contribution of Somatic Symptoms to Depression in a Nationally Representative Sample"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor.advisor":["Ingram, Rick"],"dc:creator":["Fulton, Joseph"],"dc:date.accessioned":["2026-04-24T15:50:35Z"],"dc:date.available":["2026-04-24T15:50:35Z"],"dc:date.issued":["2023-01-01"],"dc:description.abstract":["Depression is often measured as a sum score of how often a person experiences cognitive, affective, and somatic symptoms. Though this is an easy and effective way to determine the severity of a person’s depression, it may not account for the contribution of certain symptoms of depression. The aim of this study was to examine the unique contribution of somatic symptoms to the etiology of Depression in a representative sample of the United States using Structural Equation Modeling. By examining measures of anxiety and depression collected from the National Health Institute Survey, I was able to test multiple hypothesized models of anxiety and depression. When examining somatic symptoms as a separate factor of depression, I found that those symptoms have a unique contribution to the measurement of depression and have a unique relationship with outcome variables including the use of mental health treatment."],"dc:identifier.other":["http://dissertations.umi.com/ku:19156"],"dc:identifier.uri":["https://hdl.handle.net/1808/38631"],"dc:language.iso":["en"],"dc:publisher":["University of Kansas"],"dc:rights":["Copyright held by the author."],"dc:subject":["Clinical psychology","depression","NHIS","somatic","structural equation model"],"dc:title":["The Structure of Depression: Examining the Contribution of Somatic Symptoms to Depression in a Nationally Representative Sample"],"dc:type":["Dissertation"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-24T02:46:40Z"}