{"id":{"repo_id":"ku","oai_identifier":"oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/29709"},"canonical_url":"https://search.dev.ndltd.org/etd/ku/oai:kuscholarworks.ku.edu:1808/29709","repository":{"repo_id":"ku","name":"University of Kansas","base_url":"https://kuscholarworks.ku.edu/server/oai/request"},"display":{"title":"Brace Effectiveness of Cross-frame Layout and Connection Design on Skewed Steel Bridges During Construction","abstract":"The Kansas Department of Transportation (KDOT)'s current design practice is to align cross-frames parallel to the skew angle to avoid problems associated with fit-up during erection. The American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) provisions for bridges with skew angle greater than 20 degrees are based on the assumption that cross-frames are oriented perpendicular to the girder line. There is a potentially significant discrepancy between assumptions implicit in the AASHTO Specifications and bridges that are designed with cross-frames placed parallel to the skew for skew angles between 20 and 40 degrees. An analytical approach was chosen to study the effects of cross-frame orientation, spacing, skew angle, and connection design upon flange stresses, bridge stability, and cross-frame stresses.","abstract_html":"The Kansas Department of Transportation (KDOT)'s current design practice is to align cross-frames parallel to the skew angle to avoid problems associated with fit-up during erection. The American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) provisions for bridges with skew angle greater than 20 degrees are based on the assumption that cross-frames are oriented perpendicular to the girder line. There is a potentially significant discrepancy between assumptions implicit in the AASHTO Specifications and bridges that are designed with cross-frames placed parallel to the skew for skew angles between 20 and 40 degrees. An analytical approach was chosen to study the effects of cross-frame orientation, spacing, skew angle, and connection design upon flange stresses, bridge stability, and cross-frame stresses.","abstract_has_math":false,"creators":["Zhou, Chenqi"],"institution":"University of Kansas","degree_name":null,"degree_level":null,"degree_discipline":null,"degree_department":null,"school":null,"contributors":[],"advisors":["Bennett, Caroline R"],"committee_chairs":[],"committee_members":[],"year":2019,"date_issued":"2019-08-31","date_published":"2019-08-31","updated_at":"2026-07-24T02:47:03Z","subjects":["Civil engineering","brace","connection design","construction","cross-frame","skewed bridge","stability design"],"languages":["en"],"rights":["Copyright held by the author."],"rights_urls":[],"identifier_entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier.other","label":"Dc Identifier Other","values":["http://dissertations.umi.com/ku:16671"],"render_values":[{"text":"http://dissertations.umi.com/ku:16671","href":"http://dissertations.umi.com/ku:16671","code":true}]}]},"links":{"outbound_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1808/29709","outbound_label":"Handle","outbound_source":"dc:identifier.uri"},"metadata_groups":[{"id":"people","label":"People","entries":[{"key":"dc:contributor.advisor","label":"Advisor","values":["Bennett, Caroline R"]},{"key":"dc:creator","label":"Author","values":["Zhou, Chenqi"]}]},{"id":"academic_context","label":"Academic Context","entries":[{"key":"dc:date.accessioned","label":"Dc Date Accessioned","values":["2019-11-01T01:13:16Z"]},{"key":"dc:date.available","label":"Dc Date Available","values":["2019-11-01T01:13:16Z"]},{"key":"dc:date.issued","label":"Date","values":["2019-08-31"]},{"key":"dc:publisher","label":"Institution","values":["University of Kansas"]},{"key":"dc:type","label":"Dc Type","values":["Dissertation"]}]},{"id":"subjects_keywords","label":"Subjects and Keywords","entries":[{"key":"dc:subject","label":"Dc Subject","values":["Civil engineering","brace","connection design","construction","cross-frame","skewed bridge","stability design"]}]},{"id":"language_rights","label":"Language and Rights","entries":[{"key":"dc:language.iso","label":"Language (ISO)","values":["en"]},{"key":"dc:rights","label":"Dc Rights","values":["Copyright held by the author."]}]},{"id":"identifiers","label":"Identifiers","entries":[{"key":"dc:identifier.other","label":"Dc Identifier Other","values":["http://dissertations.umi.com/ku:16671"]},{"key":"dc:identifier.uri","label":"Identifier URI","values":["http://hdl.handle.net/1808/29709"]}]},{"id":"additional","label":"Additional Metadata","entries":[{"key":"dc:description.abstract","label":"Abstract","values":["The Kansas Department of Transportation (KDOT)'s current design practice is to align cross-frames parallel to the skew angle to avoid problems associated with fit-up during erection. The American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) provisions for bridges with skew angle greater than 20 degrees are based on the assumption that cross-frames are oriented perpendicular to the girder line. There is a potentially significant discrepancy between assumptions implicit in the AASHTO Specifications and bridges that are designed with cross-frames placed parallel to the skew for skew angles between 20 and 40 degrees. An analytical approach was chosen to study the effects of cross-frame orientation, spacing, skew angle, and connection design upon flange stresses, bridge stability, and cross-frame stresses."]},{"key":"dc:title","label":"Title","values":["Brace Effectiveness of Cross-frame Layout and Connection Design on Skewed Steel Bridges During Construction"]}]}],"canonical_facts":{"dc:contributor.advisor":["Bennett, Caroline R"],"dc:creator":["Zhou, Chenqi"],"dc:date.accessioned":["2019-11-01T01:13:16Z"],"dc:date.available":["2019-11-01T01:13:16Z"],"dc:date.issued":["2019-08-31"],"dc:description.abstract":["The Kansas Department of Transportation (KDOT)'s current design practice is to align cross-frames parallel to the skew angle to avoid problems associated with fit-up during erection. The American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) provisions for bridges with skew angle greater than 20 degrees are based on the assumption that cross-frames are oriented perpendicular to the girder line. There is a potentially significant discrepancy between assumptions implicit in the AASHTO Specifications and bridges that are designed with cross-frames placed parallel to the skew for skew angles between 20 and 40 degrees. An analytical approach was chosen to study the effects of cross-frame orientation, spacing, skew angle, and connection design upon flange stresses, bridge stability, and cross-frame stresses."],"dc:identifier.other":["http://dissertations.umi.com/ku:16671"],"dc:identifier.uri":["http://hdl.handle.net/1808/29709"],"dc:language.iso":["en"],"dc:publisher":["University of Kansas"],"dc:rights":["Copyright held by the author."],"dc:subject":["Civil engineering","brace","connection design","construction","cross-frame","skewed bridge","stability design"],"dc:title":["Brace Effectiveness of Cross-frame Layout and Connection Design on Skewed Steel Bridges During Construction"],"dc:type":["Dissertation"]},"updated_at":"2026-07-24T02:47:03Z"}